情态动词+have_done的用法

“情态动词+havedone”的用法一、“musthavedone”一定做过某事表示对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构只用于肯定句。1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。二、“can’thavedone”“couldn’thavedone”不可能做过某事表示对过去事情的否定推测，“couldn’thavedone”较少使用。1.Mr.Smithcan’thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2.Marycan'thavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。三、“couldhavedone”1)表示猜测，“过去可能做过某事”,多用于疑问句；2)用于虚拟语气，意思是“本来能够做某事而没有做”。Whatcouldhavehappened?难道可能发生了什么事吗？Thisglassiscracked.Someonecouldhavedroppedit.这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。“can…havedone”表示对发生过的事情的推测，用于疑问句中。It`ssolate.Wherecanshehavegone?天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？四、“mayhavedone”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。—WhathashappenedtoGeorge?—Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.—乔治发生了什么事？——我不知道，他可能迷路了。五、“mighthavedone”1)表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。2)用于虚拟语气中,意思是：“本来可能做某事，事实上却没做”1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。六、“wouldhavedone”虚拟语气，意思是“本来会做某事，但事实上没做”。1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。七、“shouldhavedone”本来应该做某事，而实际没做否定式为“shouldn’thavedone”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。八、“oughttohavedone”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。十、“needhavedone”本来需要做某事而没有做否定式为“needn’thavedone”表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。Ineedn’thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,bewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。1．---Youdidn’twaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?---Actually,we______.Hedidn’treturnhomeatall.A.couldn’thavewaitedB.needn’thavewaitedC.didn’tneedtowaitD.shouldwait2．Harry______havewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must3．---MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixo’clocktonight?”---“I’msorry,Mr.Smithtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.wouldhavegoneD.hasgone4．---Tomtookawayourteacher’scellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.---Really?Ican’timaginethathe_______havedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should5．---Wasityouthatmadethesuggestion?---Ithavebeen.Ican’tremember.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may6．Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_________thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn'thavetakenD.mustn'thavetaken7．Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need8．Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustn’thavespokenB.mightn’thavespokenC.can’thavespokenD.shouldn’thavespoken9．---Hi,isthatPeterBrown?---Sorry.You______thewrongnumber.A.mustcallB.musthavecalledC.shouldcallD.shouldhavecalled10．Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They______atleast150kilometersanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone11.Heisnotpoor.You____havelenthimthemoney.A.can’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t12.Therewasplentyoftime.You___havehurried.A.won’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t13.They____havefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.A.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might14.I____hereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A.shouldn’thavecomeB.musthavecomeC.needn’thavecomeD.couldhavecome15.Ididn’thearthephone.I____asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen