英语语音――鼻音、舌边音

//////////Nasals,Approximants&Lateral(s)Likethestops,thenasalsareallmadebyclosingthevocaltractatsomepointinthemouth.Unlikethestopsoranyothersoundsinthelanguage,thereisanopeningintothenasalcavityinthepronunciationsothatthesoundcanberesonatedthroughthenose.Thenasalconsonantsare/m/,/n/,and//./w/,/r/,and/j/arecalledapproximantsbecauseitisanarticulationinwhichthearticulatorsapproacheachotherbutdonotgetsufficientlyclosetoeachothertoproduceacompleteconsonantsuchasastop,nasalorfricative./l/iscalledalateralbecauseduringitspronunciation,thepassageofairthroughthemouthdoesnotgointheusualwayalongthecentreofthetongue.UNIT9//////汉英对比：//浊辅音.发音时,双唇闭拢,气流从鼻腔泻出,声带振动.//的发音近似于汉语的“母”,但区别之处在于发/m/时要双唇紧闭,声带振动.//浊辅音.发音时,舌尖贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔泻出,声带振动./n/的发音接近于汉语的“恩”,但不同之处在于发//时，嘴唇微开,舌尖贴紧上齿龈.//浊辅音.舌后部抬起紧贴软腭,形成阻碍,同时软腭下垂,堵住口腔通道,气流从鼻腔泻出,声带振动.//的发音近似于汉语“嗯”,但不同之处在于：发//时口腔开得更大,声带振动.//////&////单词发音练习moonhomemedicinemountain//短语man-madecometomorrowmakeamistakemiddlename//句子A:Mumhascomebackhome.B:Marvellous.A:Mumsayswe’llgoandseeamovietonight.B：Yes,wecertainlywill.Allophonicvariationsof/m/Syllabic:somethingLengthened,whenanarresting/m/isfollowedbyareleasing/m/:somemoreThelabiodnetalnasal,whenfollowedby/f/:comfort//单词发音练习necktinnightnoise//短语neatbrandytelephonenumberanegativeanswerhardentheneck//句子A:WhatanicepostcardoftheGrandCanyon!B:TheyarewonderfulA:Whosentittoyou?B：Afriendofmine.Allophonicvariationsof/n/Dentalizedbeforealabiodental/f/or/v/:inviteVelarizedbefore/k/or//:thinkSyllabic:buttonLengthening,when/n/arrestsandreleasesadjoiningsyllables:tennames//单词发音练习inkringsingmonkey//短语ring-a-dingstrongstringrisingdiphthongplayingping-pong//句子A:Doyoulikedrinkingtea?B:Yes,Ido.A:Weareadvisedtodrinkmoreteathancoffee.B：Teaisgoodforhealth.Allophonicvariationsof//Thealveolar[n],whenfollowedbyanalveolar:takingtenSyllabic:lockandkeyExercises1.Practisethephoneme/m/inman,firstnormally,thenwithexaggeration,thennormally.Listenandrepeat.//,/…/,//2.Somestudentsleaveoutthephoneme/m/whentheyoccurfinally.Listenandrepeateachwordpair.tie——timetea——teamsee——seemcry——crimesay——sameblue——bloomExercises3.Listenandunderlinethewordthatyouhearineachsentence.(1)The(rye/rhyme)wasverygood.(2)I'llgivehimhis(due/doom).(3)Wealllikethat(dough/dome).(4)Didn'tyouseethe(dye/dime)?(5)Haveyoucalled(Ma/Mom)?(6)Didyousay(who“/whom“)?4.Readthefollowingsentences.(1)Themanwhomakesnomistakesdoesnotusuallymakeanything.(2)Mountainclimbinghasbecomemoreandmorewelcomeamongthemasses.(3)WhatanamazingmemoryMr.Martinmusthave.(4)MerchantsinAmericabelievethatmoneymakesthemarego.Exercises5.Listenandunderlinethewordthatyouhearineachsentence.(1)Didyouliketheplay/plain?(2)Momsaiditwaswar/worn,didn’tshe?(3)Icouldfeeltheray/rainonmyface.(4)Isitreallydull/done?(5)Where'sthedog'sbone/bowl?(6)That'safine/filecabinet.6.Readthefollowingsentences.(1)Nothingventure,nothinghave(2)Nancy'snumberisneitherninetynornineteen.(3)Helen'snewhouseisnearthelake.(4)Goodmorning.I'mlookingforaone-bed-bedroomapartmentdowntown.Exercises1.Practisethesound/insing.//,/…/,//2.Listenandtrytodistinguishwhetherthesoundreadis/n/or//.sin——singson——songthin——thingran——rangwin——wington——tong3.Readthefollowingwords.Firstslowly,thenquickly.singersingingyoungishhanguplongagobringitwrongagainamongothersExercises4.Listenandrepeat.Payspecialattentiontothephoneme//.(1)Thegoldenruleoflifeismakingabeginning.(2)Mr.Fingerwilllingerlongerbecausehishungerisstronger.(3)Myunclesangaspringsonginthejungle.(4)Cambringsongrayhairandagewithoutyears.(5)Icanthinkofsixthinthings,Sixthinthings,canyou?Yes,Icanthinkofsixthinthings,Andofsixthickthings,too.(6)AsIwasgoingalong,along,along,Isangacomicalsong,song,song.ThelanethatIwentsolong,long,long,AndthesongthatIsangwasaslong,long,long,AndsoIwentalongsingingthesong,song,song.//Allophonicvariationsof/r/Devoicedasinvoicelessclusters:treatTheone-tapflap/r/:veryTheretroflexed/r/:rightTheback/r/,beforeorafter/k/or//:crategrey/l/-/r/，/r/和ri(日)对比练习:/liru/&/luri/rural,lull,really,leeryAllophonicvariationsof/l/Syllabic:bottleClear-l,madewiththetongueintheclassicalfrontedposition:leaseDark-l,(thetonguetipandbladeinthepostalveolarposition):callDevoicedinconsonantclusterswithvoicelessstops:playThepost-palatal,orvelar/l/:milk