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EnglishPhonology英语语音Questions1WhatisgoodEnglishpronunciation?2Whyisgoodpronunciationsoimportant?isbeingunderstoodbyalistenerinagivensituation;todevelopaclear,understandablepronunciationwithappropriateintonationandstress.Intelligibilityisthemostsensiblegoal.IntelligibilityWhatisgoodEnglishpronunciation?EnglishChineseAAccuratepronunciationandintonation;beingnative-like发音清晰、准确，语调正确、自然，语流连贯、流畅BNoobviousmispronunciation,butnotbeingnative-like发音基本准确，语调基本正确，语流尚为连贯CMarkedlocalaccentandoccasionalmispronunciationwhichdoesnotcauseseveremisunderstanding部分音素发音不正确，语调不连贯，语流有不连贯现象DFrequentbigerrorsinphoneticorallophonicfeatures,makingunderstandingdifficult大部分的音素发音不正确，语调不正确，语流不连贯EPronunciationfrequentlyunintelligible无法识别，零表达。WhataretheprioritiesforChineselearners?syllablestressintonationrhythmPriorityaspectsforChineselearnersWhatarethetipsongoodEnglishpronunciation?WordStress:StresspatternsofEnglishWordsandSentences1.′happy2.re′port3.′hospital4.′recordn.---re′cordv.5.′conductn.---con′ductv.6.′desertn.----de′sertv.WhatarethetipsongoodEnglishpronunciation?SentenceStress:StresspatternsofEnglishWordsandSentences1.Singasong.2.I’dloveto.3.I’veheardofit.4.Iwanttoknow.5.Sheaskedmetogo.6.Ithinkitwillbefine.WhatarethetipsongoodEnglishpronunciation?Example:WeakForms1.are/a://ә/2.and/ænd//әn//n/3.been/bi:n//bin/4.them/ðem//ðәm/5.am/æm//m/6.but/bΛt//bәt/•Thedaysareshorter./ðә'deizә'ʃɔ:tә/•blackandwhite/'bælkәn'wait/•Shehasbeenout./ʃi:zbin'aut/•Sendthembypost./'sendðәmbai'pәust/•WhatamItodo?/'wɔtәmaitә'du:/•It'sfinetoday,butrathercold.•/itsfaintә'deibәtra:ðә'kәuld/•rhythmI'thinkhe'wantsto'go．▫○▫○▫○I'thinkthathe'wantsusto'go．▫○▫▫○▫▫○I'thinkitwasan'excellentaf'fair．▫○▫▫▫○▫▫▫○Thestressedsyllablesfolloweachothernearlyatroughlyequalintervalsoftime,andtheunstressedsyllables(whethermanyorfew)occupyalmostthesameperiodoftimebetweenthestressedsyllables.Examples:Chinese/'ʧai'ni:z/TheyarehavingaChineselesson．/ðeiә'hæviŋә'ʧai'ni:z'lesn/TheyspeakChinese．/ðei‘spi:kʧai’ni:z/Upstairs/'Λp'stεәz/Helivesinanupstairsroom．/hi:'livzinәn'Λpstεәz'ru:m/Hewentupstairs．/hi:wentΛp'stεәz/Second-hand/'sekәnd'hænd/Itisasecond-handbookshop．/itsә'sekәndhænd'bukʃɔp/Itwasboughtsecond-hand．/itswәz'bɔ:tsekәnd'hænd/Waystoimproveyourrhythmbeattherhythmwithyourhand,onebeatforeachstressedsyllableandwithexactlythesametimebetweeneachpairofbeats.▫○▫I’ve'readit．I'toldhim．○▫○'Trya'gain．'Havea'drink．○▫▫○'Wherehaveyou'been?▫▫○Itis‘time．▫○▫○▫It’s'timefor'dinner.○▫○▫'Peter'answered．WhatarethetipsongoodEnglishpronunciation?Function1:Itindicatesgrammaticalmeaning,inmuchthesamewayaspunctuationdoesinthewrittenlanguage.IntonationExample:1.HelivesinLondon.2.HelivesinLondon.3.HelivesinLondon.Where?4.HelivesinLondon.Where?WhatarethetipsongoodEnglishpronunciation?IntonationFunction2:Itcanalsoindicatethespeaker’sattitude.Example:•Really?•What’syourname?WhatarethetipsongoodEnglishpronunciation?FallRiseFall-riseRise-fallFourbasictunemovementsExample:1.HisnameisPeter.(astraightforwardstatement)2.HisnameisPeter.(apolitequestion)3.HisnameisPeter.(Idon’tbelieveyou.)4.HisnameisPeter.(toconveycertainty)ModeofExaminationclassperformance+finalexam（5/5)Presence出勤20%Groupwork小组活动40%homework作业40%After-classPracticeEnglishSongsEnglishMovieDubbingEnglishReadingEnglishStagePlaysEnglishStoryTellingEnglishSpeechContestAfter-classPracticeEnglishSongsAfter-classPracticeEnglishMovieDubbingAfter-classPracticeEnglishReadingAfter-classPracticeEnglishStagePlayAfter-classPracticeEnglishStoryTellingAfter-classPracticeEnglishSpeechContestTohaveagoodpronunciationmeans:1.Topronouncecorrectlyallthespeechsoundsofthelanguageandallthecombinationsintheirproperordernotonlyinisolatedwords,butalsoinsentences2.Topronouncesentencesfluentlyatthespeedrequiredbythesituation,withcorrectstresses,linkingofsounds,rhythm,pausesandintonation.TheorgansofspeechNasalcavity------鼻腔Mouthcavity------口腔Tongue------舌Lips------唇Teeth------齿Theteethridge-------齿龈Thehardpalate------硬腭Thesoftpalate------软腭uvula------小舌Pharynx------咽头Larynx------喉头Thevocalcords------声带Windpipe------气管lowerupperAaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz[i:][ei][em][bi:][si:][di:][en][ai][eit∫][әu][es][d3ei][d3i:][kju:][kei][el][pi:][eks][ef][wai][vi:][ti:][ju:][zi:][dΛblju:]TheclassificationofSpeechsoundsTheorgansofspeecharecapableofmakingmanydifferentkindsofspeechsounds.Fromthepracticalstandpoint,speechsoundsaregenerallydividedintoVowelsandConsonants.☆Vowelsaresoundsproducedwithoutobstructionoftheairstreaminthemouth.Inproducingthemthereisvibrationofthevocalcords,soallvowelsarevoiced.InEnglishtherearetwentyvowelsinall.☆Consonantsaresoundsproducedbysomeformofobstructionoftheairpassageandbeeithervoicedorvoiceless.Therearetwenty-eightconsonantsinEnglish.TheEnglishPhonetic/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ//a:/,/ɔ:/,/ɔ/,/u:/,/u/./ʌ/,/ə:/,/ə//ei/,/ai/,/ɔi/,/əu/,/au/,/iə/,/ɛə/,/uə//p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/Θ/,/ð/,/s/,/z/,/ʃ/,/ʒ//ʧ/,/ʤ/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz//m/,/n/,/ŋ//w//j/辅音元音/h/，/r//l/VowelsGeneralRemarksontheVowelsTheEnglishvowelsaredividedintotwolargegroups:•Monophthongs(purevowels)