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,,,,(/,210008):,,,,,,,GB156181995,7(CdHgAsPbCrCuZn),,7,HgPbCrCuZn,13.6%20.4%GB156181995,CdPbCuZn,Hg30.6%,AsCr,:;;;;;:X53;X82:A:1673-4831(2006)01-0048-06MethodsforAssessmentofHeavyMetalPollutioninCroplandSoilsACaseStudyofChangshu.MACheng2ling,ZHOUJian2min,WANGHuo2yan,DUChang2wen,HUANGBiao(StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilandSustainableAgriculture/InstituteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China)Abstract:Withtheprocessofindustrializationandmodernizationmovingon,soilpollutionindevelopedareashasbecomeaproblemthatcallsformuchconcern.Howtoassessthesoilenvironmentqualityofthisarearationallyandproperlyisnowaresearchtopicthatdeservesstudyanddiscussion.Basedondiscussionsaboutmeaningsofthebackgroundvalues,deter2minationmethodsandevaluationcriteriaofsoilenvironment,contentsofsevenheavymetals(Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cr,CuandZn)inthesoilsofChangshu,atypicalcityintheYangtzeRiverDelta,wereinvestigatedthroughfieldsamplingandlabora2toryanalysis.HeavymetalpollutionofthesoilswasevaluatedwiththeenvironmentalbackgroundvaluesofthesoilsofChangshuandGradeCriterionofGB156181995asbenchmarks.Phenomenawerefoundoftheconcentrationofthesevenheavymetalsinthesoilsbeingbeyondtheirrespectivebackgroundvalues.EspeciallyforHg,Pb,Cr,CuandZn,theiroverstandardratesvariedfrom10%to20%.Andheavymetals,Cd,Pb,Cu,ZnandHg,werefoundbeyondGradeCrite2rionofGB156181995inconcentration,andHginparticularwasoverstandardinabout30%ofthesoilsamples.AsandCr,however,werenotoverstandard.Theresultssuggestthatitismoreadvisabletousebothofthestandardsinassessingsoilenvironmentqualityforabetterunderstandingofthestatusofheavymetalpollutioninthesoilsinvestigated.Keywords:YangtzeRiverDelta;cropland;heavymetal;soilpollution;evaluationmethod;Changshu,,,1266km2(),103.6,,,,2050,80,,,2002365,34353:(2002CB410810):2005-09-062006,22(1):48-53JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment,,,11.1(1),GB1561819954095[1]80%,(2),GB156181995---,:,;,,GB156181995,1.21.2.1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1.2.2,,,,,,,(pH)1.2.3,(Visteli2ws),2,,,+2,,,:R=1.96CV/n(1)Ac=100-R(2)CV=s/x100(3)CV=exp(lnSg)2-1100(4)(1)(4):R,%;Ac,%;CV,%;n;x;s;SgR30%,70%,;n()CV,,,30%,,941:22.12.1.1,;,[2](020cm)2351S571Fig.1Distributionofthesamplingsites2.1.2CrPbCuZnCd:-[3],(ICP2AES,ThermoElemental)CrPbCuZn,Cd;HgAs:,[4-5],GSS-32.212HgPb(,),312,,,70%;:Pb30%,17.0%;Hg18.3%43.0%,30.3%;Cd31.9%Cu24.9%Zn20.5%As15.2%Cr12.5%,70%3,,,,GB156181995,Hg,PbCuZn,Cd,Cr,AsHg1HgTable1StatisticsofbackgroundvaluesofHgincroplandsoilsofChangshuCity/(mgkg-1)xorG/(mgkg-1)sorSg/(mgkg-1)CV/%Ac/%(x+2s)orGSg2290.130.370.231.3329.289.40.40250.190.540.330.1030.088.00.53120.080.290.171.5143.075.70.42140.270.510.410.0818.390.40.56210.180.650.331.4236.384.50.6730.160.280.230.0624.073.00.34260.080.500.310.1136.685.90.5370.220.400.290.0621.883.90.41290.110.360.220.0834.187.60.3770.140.330.260.0726.780.20.41130.120.390.240.0833.781.70.40xs,GSg,CV,Ac05222PbTable2StatisticsofbackgroundvaluesofPbincroplandsoilsofChangshuCity/(mgkg-1)xorG/(mgkg-1)sorSg/(mgkg-1)CV/%Ac/%(x+2s)orGSg23317.5940.3629.916.2620.992.942.423329.4167.6949.5614.4229.090.078.40928.7933.8230.731.635.396.533.981132.1241.2336.073.118.697.142.292130.7245.5337.151.1110.195.745.77532.0439.0635.233.399.691.642.021729.8740.8737.453.7910.195.245.04829.1067.5355.9412.4222.284.680.782614.3430.3522.304.5120.292.231.31520.7237.0526.937.4428.075.041.821013.9529.3823.445.3022.686.034.04xs,GSg,CV,Ac3Table3UpperlimitofbackgroundvaluesofheavymetalsinsoilsofChangshuCitypH1)1)/(gkg-1)/(mgkg-1)CdHgAsPbCrCuZn5.8141.60.160.4011.942.449.026.9906.2339.10.210.5212.178.4103.066.01585.8840.70.160.4211.434.045.735.4792)6.0750.80.200.5611.242.350.230.91186.0043.00.190.5212.065.086.955.71326.7046.30.280.6711.045.459.752.51496.8038.90.180.3411.142.063.147.61096.7542.60.210.5811.244.559.351.31286.5038.30.270.5310.045.055.140.01246.6129.20.240.417.080.884.052.51637.1127.10.170.378.531.341.921.8857.6439.70.130.419.241.844.123.5787.3731.30.200.409.734.049.434.8987.1831.80.190.398.954.162.833.91106.6138.90.210.4711.657.674.646.6126GB1561819950.200.15153590351001);2)3GB156181995(4),Hg()4GB156181995Table4StandardforSoilEnvironmentQualityGB156181995/(mgkg-1)pHCdHgAsPb1)CrCuZn6.50.30.330100250502006.57.50.30.5251503001002506.57.50.30.5301502001002501)GB/T18407.12001:151:2.3(3)GB156181995(4),,2.3.1,:Pi=Ci/Si(5)(5):Pi;Ci;Si;i565(n=235)Table5ConcentrationandmonomialpollutionindexofheavymetalsincroplandsoilsofChangshuCity(n=235)/(mgkg-1)/%/%Cd0.021.350.140.110.640.54840.430.3070Hg0.0414.780.400.380.820.69841.232.20179As4.0416.108.392.000.790.16200.300.0723Pb12.37178.0641.2821.940.860.42490.350.2366Cr18.03112.9152.4618.730.880.27310.210.0733Cu3.1189.3229.5117.960.740.40540.450.3578Zn20.26360.3488.7250.250.740.33450.400.24606Table6StatisticsofcroplandsoilsamplesoverstandardinheavymetalsinChangshuCity/%/%Cd218.91.057.401.5973.01.053.211.57Hg4017.01.044.712.027230.61.018.172.30As125.11.011.751.2000Pb4820.41.034.201.5762.61.011.781.27Cr3916.61.011.931.3300Cu3514.91.022.521.47208.51.081.751.33Zn3213.61.022.381.3983.41.041.801.2956,1.0,(AsCr),,HgPbCrCuZn,HgCdPb;GB156181995