英语修辞学_课件

EnglishRhetoricMaHuiCoursedescription•Thiscoursewillbeorientedbythefollowingaspects:•GeneralideaaboutEnglishrhetoricabriefandinterestingsurveyofthehistoryofrhetoricwithemphasisonseveralmajorclassicalrhetoriciansandtheirtheoriesandapplication•Communicativerhetoric(thechoiceofwordsandsentences)•Aestheticrhetoric:figuresofspeech(phonetic,syntactic,semantic,logic)AssignmentsandPointdistribution•Assignments:•1.Presentation(GroupWork)•2.someassignmentsbytheinstructor•3.questionsforyoutothinkoutofclass•Pointdistribution:•1.classattendence:10%•2.classparticipationandassignments:30%•3.finalexam:60%ApproachMainlythroughlectures,discussions,presentationsandassignments.Presentations:Ingroups,youwilldevelopapresentationononeareaofrhetoric.Youcanprovideuswithahandout,plusanyadditionalmaterialsyouthinkwillbeusefulforthegoalofyourpresentation.Thegradeforthiswillbesharedevenly.Ifyouhavequestions…•Askmeinclass•E-mailme:[e-mail]•Phonemeat:18988488622•Textbook&References:•1.胡曙中.英语修辞学.上海外语教育出版社，20042.吕煦.实用英语修辞.清华大学出版社，20053.EnglishRHETORIC(byXiuguoZhang,2005.Beijing:TsinghuaUniversityPressandBeijingJiaotongUniversityPress)Lead-in…•1.Iseestudentstakingpremedicalcourseswithjoylessdetermination.Theygoofftotheirlabsasiftheyweregoingtothedentist.•Simile明喻•2.NoXinNixon.•Palindrome回文Rhetoricispower.•Whoeverdoesnotstudyrhetoricwillbecomeavictimofit.---AncientGreekwallinscription•Historiesmakemenwise;poets,witty;themathematics,subtle;naturalphilosophy,deep,moral,grave;logicandrhetoric,abletocontend.---FrancisBacon•RhetoricinAdvertisementsSimile•Breakfastwithoutorangejuiceislikeadaywithoutsunshine.•眉笔像花瓣一样柔和。（眉笔）•像母亲的手一样柔软。（童鞋）Phoneticrhetoric•Oncetasted,alwaysloved.（饮料）•（10）Bigthrills.Smallbills.（出租车）•Pepsi-Colahitsthespot,•Twelvefullounces,that’salot,•Twiceasmuchforanickel,too,•Pepsi-Colaisthedrinkforyou.•一册在手，纵览全球。（《全球杂志》）•来也匆匆，去请冲冲。•非常可乐，非常选择。（非常可乐饮料）•买电视就要买金星，买金星就是买放心！•LetTUGUINSURANCEkeepyouafloatinthefaceoftheworstofelements….（保险公司）•…Thewholeareabecomesablazewiththewhites,yellows,reds,andorangesoftulips,daffodilsandotherspeciespopularinEnglishgardens….•（苏格兰旅游广告）Antithesis对偶•输入千言万语，奏出一片深情（文字处理机）•皮张之厚无以复加；利润之薄无以复减。（上海鹤鸣皮鞋厂广告）•她工作，你休息。（洗衣机）Pun双关语•甜甜蜜蜜，无限爱恋尽在其中。（饮料）•Withboundlessloveinit,thedrinkismorethansweet.•第一流产品，为足下增光。（红鸟鞋油广告标语）Metaphor隐喻•…Blessedbyyearroundgoodweather,Spainisamagnetforsunworshippersandholidaymakers….•YoucanspreadyourwingswithOpenStudies.•（开放型大学招生广告标语）•FlowersbyInterfloraspeakfromtheheart.•随身的绿荫。（爱萝莉护肤膏）•Greenshadowwhichkissesyourskin.•Whatisrhetoric?1.Whatisrhetoric?rhetoricn.•1.(technicalterm)theskillortheartofusinglanguageeffectivelyandpersuasivelyinspeechorwriting修辞;修辞学;修辞技巧•2.(generalword)a.Astyleofspeakingorwriting,语言艺术therhetoricoffiction,bodyrhetoricb.Thelanguageofaparticularsubject:辞令，语言fierypoliticalrhetoric,soothingrhetoric,employstirringrhetoric•3.（derogatory）Languagethatiselaborate,pretentious,insincere,orempty:【贬】华丽的词藻，花言巧语,浮夸之词Hisoffersofcompromiseweremererhetoric.•1.Coldwardiplomacyandrhetoric•2.Astheclamorforbasicskillscontinuetogrow,itmaybetimeforthefourthR—Rhetoric—toreentertheclassroom.Discuss:Identifythedifferentmeaningsof“rhetoric”inthefollowingphrases/sentences:•3.Campaignpromiseshaveprovedtobeemptyrhetoric.•4.Despitetheirtoughanti-Americanrhetoric,thegovernmentisprivatelytryingtomaintaingoodrelationswiththeU.S.•5.therhetoricoffilm2.rhetoric,rhetoricaldeviceandfigureofspeech•rhetoricaldevice-auseoflanguagethatcreatesaliteraryeffect(butoftenwithoutregardforliteralsignificance)•figureofspeech-Formofexpressionusedinafigurativeornonliteralsense,includingsimile,metaphor,personification,hyperbole,irony,alliteration,antithesis,andpunsetc.forthepurposeofclarity,emphasis,orfreshnessofexpressionExamplesoffiguresofspeechPleaseidentifythefiguresofspeechusedinthefollowingexamples:•Speechissilver,butsilenceisgolden.(Alliteration)•Haveanicetrip,buy-buy!(Asigninfrontofashopattheairport)•(Pun)•Toerrishuman;toforgivedivine.•(Antithesis)Rhetorician1.Anexpertortheorist/theoreticianofrhetoric.2.Anoratororeloquentpublicspeaker.3.ABriefIntroductiontoEnglishRhetoric•Originofmodernrhetoric:abriefhistory•Contentsofmodernrhetoric•Thedifferencebetweengrammarandrhetoric•WhatwelearninEnglishrhetoric:definitionanddevelopment•Rhetoricoriginatedinspeaking.•Platomaintainedthatrhetoricwastheexpressionoftruthandtheartofrationaldiscourseratherthantheartofeloquentexpression.•(Aristotle,inthe4thc.B.C.)•firstdefinedrhetoricastheartofpersuasion,equivalenttoargumentationaspeopleunderstandtoday.•Argumentsshouldincludefoursections:•1.theintroduction;•2.theoutlineornarrationofthesubject;•3.theproofsforandagainstthecase;•4.thesummary.•InAthens,thecenterofwesterncivilization,greatorators,byexercisingtheirrhetoric,gainedfollowingandsupport,andeventually,politicalpower.CiceroandQuintilian’sFiveArts•Cicero(106-43B.C.):Romanstatesmanandphilosopher•Rhetoricisabranchofpoliticalscience.•Todefendthepoliticalstateeloquently,theoratorshouldknowagreatdealabouthumanexperienceandcommandabroadunderstandingofculture.•Quintilian(A.D.35-95