中考英语必考知识点梳理

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一、冠词:(1)a/an的区分:注意以“U”开头的单词。如果发字母u本身的音/ju:/,前面加a:ausefulbook,auniversity,ausualchair;如果发以外的音,前面加an:anunusualchair,anunimportantmeeting,anunforgetableexperience(2)球类运动和三餐饭前不加theplayfootball,playtabletennis乐器前加theplaytheviolin,playthepiano(3)a—一个,the—那个二、介词:(1)介词+doing介词+代词宾格形式Neitherofusislate.Thebookisforyou.Theknifeisusedforcuttingthings.Tomissittingbetweenhimandme.(禁用“I”)关联记忆:介意Mind+doingWouldyoumindmysmokinghere?(2)oninat的用法:表时间:on(天优先,只要涉及天的概念就用on);in(时段);at(时刻)onthemorningofApril1st.onarainynight在一个雨天的夜晚atthesametime(3)表伴随:with/without,或doingSheisagirlwithlonghair.Sheisagirlwearinganewdress.(4)表方式:bybike,onfoot没有冠词“a”或名词复数Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?Thebosspaysusbyweek.Hebeatherwithabook.(with后要带a或复数)speakinEnglishWriteinink(5)介词(不加the)+名词attable在桌旁,且在吃饭(两层意思)atthetable在桌旁,具体干什么不清楚atschoolintheschool三、时态:时态一致:从句与主句时态一致Hesaidhehadbeenthereforanhour.Hesaidthesunisbiggerthanthemoon.(自然规律自然现象用一般现在时态)Hesaidthemoonisrunningaroundtheearth.(错误,应改为一般现在时态)时态一致之时态变异(必考):A——瞬间动词的-ing形式表将来Theplaneistakingoffinanhour.Theoldmanisdying.(将要死了)B——条件状语从句:一般现在时表将来Idon'tknowifhewillcometomorrow.Ifhecomes,Iwillcallyou.IwillringyouassoonasIfinishmywork.Iwon’tgooutuntilmyhomeworkisdone.四、感叹句:考生须掌握how和what引导的感叹句的基本句型,并且熟悉一些常用形容词和副词的拼写。要点归纳:1、what+a/an+adj.+单数名词(+主语+谓语)!2、What+adj.+复数名词(+主语+谓语)!3、What+adj.+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!常考的几个不可数名词:food,news,weather,fun,music,work,information,advice,suggestion。注意:what引导的感叹句,主语+谓语可以省略。4、How+adj.+a/an+单数名词(+主语+谓语)!5、How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!6、How+句子!五、连词:(1)连词现象:Although,though与but通常不连用because与so不连用if(如果)与then不连用(2)就近一致连词neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalsonot...but...(3)连接句子与todo形式because+句子(有完整主谓结构)becauseof+介词宾语(名词等)inordertodo(inordernottodo)inorderthat+句子soastosoasthat+句子so...that+句子too...todoenoughtodosogoodabookthat+句子suchagoodbookthat+句子sogoodthat+句子(4)重要联词的应用unless(=ifnot)除非or否则(威胁,劝告)asif/asthough(仿佛)evenif/eventhough(即使)not...until(直到...才)六、宾语从句:考查形式:单项、完成句子考察难度:考察全面,考查必须掌握引导词、时态和语序这三个要素。要点归纳:1、陈述语序2、时态:主句为一般现在时,______________________________时态:主句为一般过去时,______________________________3、that,whether,if,what,who,which,whose,when,whereect.4、宾语从句的简化:但主句的主语和从句的主语为同一人时,从句可以简化为疑问词+不定式。七、动词:考查形式:时态、情态动词、动词短语、分词做形容词、非谓语动词考查难度“动词是词法的核心,考查范围较大,难度较大一、时态要点归纳考点一:主将从现(在状语从句已经提到)考点二:现在完成时4大用法:结果,延续,经历,移位时间标志:for+时间段、since+时间点/一般过去时的句子、already、yet、every、never、“Howlong…?”、含有“time”表示次数的句子中要点归纳:区分:havebeento+地点__________________________havegoneto+地点_________________________havebeenin+地点+for+时间段__________________________瞬间动词与延续性动词间的转换:die–bedeadbuy—haveborrow—keepleave/go—beaway(from)makefriends—befriendsbegin/start—beonarrive/getto/reach/come—bein/beat/stayjoin(theParty)—bea(Party)member/bein(theParty)核心句型:Itis+时间+since+一般过去时的句子考点三:过去进行时(在时间状语从句中考查)考点四:一般现在时(客观真理)、一般过去时(在宾语从句中考查)二、情态动词归纳情态动词有:must,haveto,hadbetter,can,could,beableto,may,might,need,will,would,shall,should+动词原形考点一:mustcan表示推测的运用考点二:mustn’t的运用,意思是_______________________________________________考点三:情态动词一般疑问句的回答Must……?Yes,S+must.No,S+needn’tNeed…….?Yes,S+mayNo,S+musn’t八、非谓语动词归纳:和介词一样非常灵活,在句法中,不作谓语,所有句子成分都可充当。只考查动词不定式、动名词作宾语To+do(否定式———not+to+do)1、只能接to+do的动词有:decide,agree,hope,want,refuse,plan,need,wish+todo2、有些动词加todo做宾语补足语,常见的有:Ask,tell,want,teach+sb.+todo+sth.3、加to+do的重点句型有:(1)Ittakessb.Sometime/moneytodosth.做某事花费某人多少时间、金钱(2)Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.做某事怎样(3)Wouldyouliketo….?4、后接省略to的动词不定式的动词有一感(feel)二听(hear,listento)三让(have,make,let)五看(watch,,see,lookat,notice,observe),半个帮助(help可以带to,也可以省略)改为被动语态时,to要还原例如:Thislittleboyismadetocleanhisbedroomeveryweek.1、省略to的情况有(1)情态动词后(2)Whynot/whydon’tyou(3)Wouldrather…than…Doing(否定式———notdoing)1、加doing作非谓语动词常考的有:enjoy,mind,suggest,miss,admit,deny,imagine,practice+doingsth.2、加doing的情况有:(1)介词后+doing例如:giveupdoingsth.,beinterestedindoingsth.等(2)Feellilke+doing(喜欢做某事)/preferdoingsth.todoingsth.(更喜欢…..)(3)To作介词时的几个常用短语:lookforwardto/beusedto/payattentionto+doing3、既可加todo也可加doing,并意思相近的动词有:begin,start,like,love,hate4、既可加todo也可加doing,但意思不同的动词有:Forgettodo忘记去做某事(事情还没有做)Forgetdoing忘记做过某事(事情已经做了,但是忘了)Remembertodo记得去做某事(事情还没有做)Rememberdoing记得做过某事(事情已经做了)Regrettodo(对将要做的事)遗憾Regretdoing(对已经做过的事)遗憾Stoptodo停下来去做某事(去另外一件事情)Stopdoing停止做某事(停止正在做的事情)归纳记忆:stop…from+doing=prevent…fromdoingTrytodo尽力做某事(区分:managetodo设法做某事)Trydoing尝试去做某事Keep/goontodo继续去做某事(停止原来做的事情而继续另一件事情)Keep/goondoing继续做同一件事情Meantodo=plantodo打算/计划去做某事Meandoing意味着做某事重点区分下列搭配:See/watchsb.dosth.看到、看着某人做某事(已做了)See/watchsb.doingsth.看到、看着某人正在做某事(在做)Hear/noticesb.dosth.听到/注意到某人做某事(已做了)Hear/noticesb.doingsth.听到/注意到某人正在做某事(在做)关注:havesth.done/getsth.doneneeddoing/wantdoing九、情景交际:纵观近几年中考,情景交际题都位于单选最后一题,所占分值一分。﹣WecaninviteNickandNoratoShanghaiDisneylandwithus.﹣?I’llgivethemacallrightnow.(2014苏州中考)A.WhynotB.WhatforC.WhyD.What—Shallwegofishingatsixo'clocktomorrowmorning?(2015苏州中考)—______.Willseveno’clockbeOK?A.Sure,it’suptoyouB.Sure,noproblemC.Sorry,Ican’tmakeitD.Sorry,I’mnotavailable—I’dliketochooseyellowasthecolourofourbedroom.(2016苏州中考)—.Thecolourbringsmeawarmandcomfortablefeeling.A.NowayB.SoundsgreatC.InyourdreamsD.Ican’tdecide十、形容词副词1.A+as+adj/adv的原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”A+not+as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