省略句(43张PPT)

GrammarEllipsis在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：Begyoupardon.Soundslikeagoodidea.（I）Begyoupardon.(It)Soundslikeagoodidea..定义在平安创建活动动员大会暨全区政法工作会议上的发言同志们:这次全区政法工作会议是区委决定召开的一次十分重要的会议。会议的主要任务是,学习贯彻央省、市政法工作会议和创建“平安咸阳”活动动员大会精神,认真分析研究稳定工作形势,对全区XX年政法综治和稳定工作进行安排部署。XX年,全区各级党政组织、政法综治部门和广大政法干警,努力实践“三个代表”,紧密围绕创建“安全渭城”的奋斗目标,深入开展严打整治斗争,积极排查化解矛盾纠纷,集整治治安混乱地区,狠抓政法队伍和综治组织自身建设,促进了社会治安综合治理各项措施的落实,确保了全区社会大局稳定。主要表现在以下几个方面:各类违法犯罪活动得到了有效打击。公安机关大力开展“春雷”、“风雷”、“亮剑”为代号的一系列专项斗争,成效显著。全年共立刑事案件1547起,破获561起,和去年同期相比,发案下降%,破案上升%;共受理治安案件1858起,查处1835起,查结率%。区人民法院立案2555件,审结2332件,结案率达%;其刑事案件217件,审结199件,结案率达%;申请执行案件853件,执结783件,执结率达%。区检察院共受理公安机关提请批捕I.简单句中的省略1、省略主语:祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。(1)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(It)Doesn’tmatter.(4)(I)Begyourpardon.I.简单句中的省略2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分(1)(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Isthere)Anythingwrong?(3)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(4)What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?(5)Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?I.简单句中的省略3、省略表语(1)–Areyouthirsty?--Yes,Iam(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister(lazy).4、同时省略几个成分(1)Let’smeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.(2)–-Haveyoufinishedyourwork?---(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.II.主从复合句中的省略1、主从句中有一些成分被省略(1)(I’m)Sorrytohearthatyouareill.(2)(It’sa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.（3）Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).－AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?－Ithinkso.soI’mleavingforBeijingthisSunday.－Tommustbefreetoday.－Ifso,hecanhelpus.soheisfree.2、not/so常用来替代从句。(1)–Ishecomingbacktonight?--Ithinkso.(2)–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.(3)–Isshefeelingbetter?--I’mafraidnot.(4)–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.•so常用于替代____形式的从句，而not常用来替代____形式的从句。常见的动词有：_____________________________________________________________等及___________。•这种用法常见的还有：肯定否定think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine/guess/hope/fear；say/speak/doI’mafraidHowso?Whyso?Whynot?Isthatso?III.并列句中的省略两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.IV其他从句的省略1.宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况。Ithink(that)itwillclearupthisafternoonandthattheywillcometosaygoodbyetous.2.在定语从句中，that/which/whom/who在从句中作宾语时可省略.Hereistheman(whom/that/who)you’vebeenlookingfor.Whenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.heIfheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.hewasIffree,Jackwillgowithus.heis3、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分IV其他从句的省略(1)When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.(3)If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.(4)If(itis)necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.Moreexamples:V不定式的省略1.省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果不定式to后是be/完成时态/havebeen，则须保留be/have/havebeen:(1)–Areyougoingthere?--Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).(2)Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).(3)–Areyouanengineer?--No,butIwanttobe.(4)–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.--Well,heoughttohave.V不定式的省略2.不定式符号to的其他省略情形(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带.Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.V不定式的省略2.不定式符号to的其他省略情形（3）介词but/except前若有实意动词do,后面的不定式不带to.如：Theboydidnothingbutplay.Themothercoulddonothingbutwaitforthedoctortocome.Hehadnochoicebuttowait.二“听”:(4)使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。InoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.toX这类使役动词及感官动词主要有一“感”:三“让”:五“看”:feelhearlistentohavemakeletwatchnoticeobserveseelookatV不定式的省略V不定式的省略(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。Allwecandonowis(to)wait.Theonlythingyouhavetodois(to)pressthebutton.VI.if虚拟条件从句中的省略连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。(1)Hadtheyhadtime,theywouldcertainlyhavecomeandhelpedus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(3）Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?ExercisesaboutEllipsis.3.Rewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.1.Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful.(_____)P37(___)2.Aboywasontheleftsideofthesickwoman,andagirlwasontherightsideofthesickwoman.3.Shehasadaughterwhoisinhospital.4.Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor.(___________________)(_____)(_____________)5.Didshepassthefirstaidtestthatshedidyesterdayordidn’tshepass?ornot.(___)6.Shecouldnotdecidedwhethertosendhimtohospitalornottosendhimtohospital.7.Whenyournoseisbleeding,youshouldbendforwardsothatthebloodrunsoutofyournoseandtheblooddoesn’trundownyourthroat.8.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirstaidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaven’tdoneafirstaidcourse.notThesesentencesarecorrect.However,oneormorewordshavebeenleftout.Canyoutellyourpartnerwhichwordsaremissing?1)Thecottagesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.Thecottage(whichis)surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.P374.2)ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond.Thefirstbook(that)Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond(bookthatIreadthisterm).3)Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected.Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan(shewas)expected(todo)..4)Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymi