英语专业 泛读 第二册 单词 总结

abound/əˈbaʊnd/CET6+TEM4(abounding,abounded,abounds)1.V-IIfthingsabound,orifaplaceaboundswiththings,thereareverylargenumbersofthem.充满例：Storiesaboundaboutwhenhewasincharge.他负责时传闻很多。accomplish/əˈkɒmplɪʃ/CET4TEM4(accomplishing,accomplished,accomplishes)1.V-TIfyouaccomplishsomething,yousucceedindoingit.完成例：Ifwe'dallworktogether,Ithinkwecouldaccomplishourgoal.如果我们齐心协力，我想我们能实现我们的目标。acknowledge/əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/CET4TEM4(acknowledging,acknowledged,acknowledges)1.V-TIfyouacknowledgeafactorasituation,youacceptoradmitthatitistrueorthatitexists.承认(事实或情况)例：Nayloracknowledged,inalettertothejudge,thathewasadrugaddict.在一封写给法官的信中，内勒承认他是一个吸毒者。Belatedly,thegovernmenthasacknowledgedtheproblem.政府过晚地承认了这个问题。2.V-TIfsomeone'sachievements,status,orqualitiesareacknowledged,theyareknownaboutandrecognizedbyalotofpeople,orbyaparticulargroupofpeople.认可(某人的成就、地位或品质)例：Heisalsoacknowledgedasanexcellentgoalkeeper.他还被认可为一名优秀的守门员。3.V-TIfyouacknowledgeamessageorletter,youwritetothepersonwhosentitinordertosaythatyouhavereceivedit.确认收到例：Thearmysentmeapostcardacknowledgingmyrequest.军方寄给我一张明信片以确认收到了我的请求。4.V-TIfyouacknowledgesomeone,forexample,bymovingyourheadorsmiling,youshowthatyouhaveseenandrecognizedthem.(点头或微笑)向…致意例：Hesawherbutrefusedtoevenacknowledgeher.他看到了她，但甚至都拒绝向她致意。allocate/ˈæləˌkeɪt/CET6TEM4(allocating,allocated,allocates)1.V-TIfoneitemorshareofsomethingisallocatedtoaparticularpersonorforaparticularpurpose,itisgiventothatpersonorusedforthatpurpose.分配例：Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.票数有限，将分配给那些先申请的人。The1985federalbudgetallocated$7.3billionfordevelopmentprogrammes.1985年联邦预算拨了73亿美元用于开发项目。arduous/ˈɑːdjʊəs/CET6+TEM81.ADJSomethingthatisarduousisdifficultandtiring,andinvolvesalotofeffort.艰难的例：...along,hotandarduoustrip.…一段漫长、灼热、艰难的旅程。arrogance,arrogancy['ærəɡəns;-si]n.傲慢；骄傲自大，妄自尊大assert/əˈsɜːt/CET4TEM4(asserting,asserted,asserts)1.V-TIfsomeoneassertsafactorbelief,theystateitfirmly.坚定地陈述例：Mr.HelmplanstoassertthatthebillviolatestheFirstAmendment.赫尔姆先生计划坚定地陈述该法案有违《第一修正案》。Thedefendants,whocontinuetoasserttheirinnocence,areexpectedtoappeal.那些继续宣称其清白的被告预计会上诉。2.N-VAR断言assertion例：Thereisnoconcreteevidencetosupportassertionsthattherecessionistrulyover.没有任何确凿的证据支持经济衰退已真正结束的断言。3.V-TIfyouassertyourauthority,youmakeitclearbyyourbehaviourthatyouhaveauthority.显示(权威)例：Afterthewar,thearmymadeanattempttoassertitsauthorityinthesouthofthecountry.战后，军队试图在该国南部显示其权威。4.N-UNCOUNT(权威的)显示assertion例：Thedecisionisseenasanassertionofhisauthoritywithinthecompany.这一决定被看作是公司内他的权威的显示。5.V-TIfyouassertyourrightorclaimtosomething,youinsistthatyouhavetherighttoit.坚持(权利或要求)例：Therepublicsbeganassertingtheirrighttogovernthemselves.各共和国开始坚持他们自治的权利。6.N-UNCOUNT坚持assertion例：Theseinstitutionshavemadetheassertionofethnicidentitypossible.这些机构已使种族身份的坚持成为可能。7.V-TIfyouassertyourself,youspeakandactinaforcefulway,sothatpeopletakenoticeofyou.彰显(自己)例：He'sspeakingupandassertinghimselfanddoingthingsheenjoys.他现在直言不讳、彰显自我，做着他喜欢做的事。astound/əˈstaʊnd/TEM4(astounding,astounded,astounds)1.V-TIfsomethingastoundsyou,youareverysurprisedbyit.使震惊例：Heusedtoastoundhisfriendswithfeatsofphysicalendurance.他过去常以身体耐力之好令其朋友们震惊。attain/əˈteɪn/CET4TEM4(attaining,attained,attains)1.V-TIfyouattainsomething,yougainitorachieveit,oftenafteralotofeffort.(常指经过努力)获得例：Jimishalfwaytoattaininghispilot'slicence.吉姆快要拿到他的飞行员执照了。boost/buːst/CET4TEM8(boosting,boosted,boosts)1.V-TIfonethingboostsanother,itcausesittoincrease,improve,orbemoresuccessful.促进例：Lowerinterestratescanboosttheeconomybyreducingborrowingcostsforconsumersandbusinesses.低利率可以通过为消费者和商家降低借贷成本来促进经济发展。2.N-COUNTBoostisalsoanoun.推动力例：Itwouldgettheeconomygoingandgiveustheboostthatweneed.这会推动经济发展并带给我们所需要的推动力。3.V-TIfsomethingboostsyourconfidenceormorale,itimprovesit.增强(信心、士气)例：Weneedabigwintoboostourconfidence.我们需要一个大的胜利来增强我们的自信心。4.N-COUNTBoostisalsoanoun.(信心、士气的)增强例：Itdidgivemeaboosttowinsuchabigevent.赢了这么一场大型比赛，的确使我士气大振。5.N-COUNTIfyougivesomeoneaboost,youpushorliftthemfrombehindsothattheycanreachsomething.推;托例：Hecuppedhishandsandgaveheraboostuptotheledge.他双手拢作杯状把她托上了窗台。carp/kɑːp/TEM8(carping,carped,carps)1.N-VARAcarpisakindoffishthatlivesinlakesandrivers.鲤鱼2.V-IIfyousaythatsomeoneiscarping,youmeanthattheykeepcriticizingorcomplainingaboutsomeoneorsomething,especiallyinawayyouthinkisunnecessaryorannoying.吹毛求疵表不满例：Hecannotunderstandwhyshe'sconstantlycarpingathim.他不理解为什么她对他总是百般的挑剔。3.N-UNCOUNTcarping例：ShewasinnomoodtoputupwithBlanche'scarping.她当时没有心情容忍布兰奇的吹毛求疵。categorize/ˈkætɪɡəˌraɪz/TEM4(categorizing,categorized,categorizes)1.V-TIfyoucategorizepeopleorthings,youdividethemintosetsoryousaywhichsettheybelongto.把…分类例：Lindsay,likehisfilms,ishardtocategorize.就像他演的电影难于归类一样，很难说林赛属于哪一类演员。Makealistofyourchild'stoysandthencategorizethemassociableorantisocial.把你孩子的玩具列个清单，然后将之分为交际型和非交际型。2.N-VAR分类categorization例：Herfirstnoveldefieseasycategorization.她的处女作小说不容易归类。compliment(complimenting,complimented,compliments)动词读作ˈkɒmplɪˌmɛnt。名词读作ˈkɒmplɪmənt。1.N-COUNTAcomplimentisapoliteremarkthatyoumaketosomeonetoshowthatyouliketheirappearance,appreciatetheirqual