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HaveyoueverseentheselogosinfrontofaHollywoodmovie?Canyourecognizeallofthelogosshowedabove?DoyouknowtheyrepresentwhatHollywoodmoviecompanies?HollywoodMoviesLogo——TheintroductionofHollywoodfilmStudios张彤·Filmstudio电影制片厂，电影工厂KeyWords·Pictures电影公司Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer(MGM)米高梅电影公司Asoncethelargest,mostglamorousfilmstudio,MGMwasfoundedin1924.Thestudio‘slogoisaroaring（咆哮的）lionsurroundedbyaringoffilm(胶卷).Thelogo,LeotheLion,hasbeenasymbolofAmericanfilm(电影行业)ItsuggestedtheTheAcademyAwards,orOscars”ItcreatedtheimmortalcartooncharacterTomandJerryItbroughtthecharmingEnglishagentJamesBond(007)intooursightMoreaboutMGMRepresentativeworksGoneWiththeWind乱世佳人雨人ColumbiaPictures哥伦比亚电影公司ColumbiaPicturesisanAmericanproductionanddistributionstudiooftheSonyPicturesMotionPictureGroupTheColumbiaPictureslogo,isawomancarryingatorchandwearingadrape(宽松带褶袍）It’stheonlymoviecompanyintheHollywoodthatownsthecopyrightofallthemoviesproducedbyitself.Representativeworks肖申克的救赎2012·Thebiggestanimationfilm(动画电影)productioncompany·TheonlyHollywoodcompanythathasneverbeentradedsofar.SubsidiaryCorporation(子公司)ofDisney1.WaltDisneyPicturesanAmericanfilmproductioncompanyfoundin1923.Itnotonlyproducesanimationfilm，butalsolive-actionfilm（真人电影）.Thestudio'sfirstfeature-lengthmotionpicturewasSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs(1937)anditsfirstlive-actionfilmwasTreasureIsland(1950).Frozen冰雪奇缘PiratesoftheCaribbean加勒比海盗2.MarvelStudios（漫威影业）isanAmericanpublisherofcomicbooksandrelatedmediafoundin1939.Itsfeaturessuperherocomics,andhavecreatedplentyofsuperherofigures.In2009,TheWaltDisneyCompanyacquired（收购）it.MarvelStudioshasreleased14filmssince2008withintheMarvelCinematicUniverse,fromIronMan(2008)toDoctorStrange(2016).TheAvengers复仇者联盟银河护卫队CaptainAmerica:CivilWar美国队长3：内战DoctorStrange3.Lucasfilm卢卡斯影业wasfoundedbyfilmmakerGeorgeLucasin1971.TheWaltDisneyCompanyacquireditin2012atavaluationof$4.06billion.Representatives:StarWar(星球大战),IndianaJones(夺宝奇兵)4.MiramaxFilms米拉麦克斯影业wasaleadingindependentfilm(独立电影)motionpicturedistributionandproductioncompany.ItwasacquiredbytheWaltDisneyCompanyin1993.Representatives:ColdMountain(冷山)，TheEnglishPatient(英国病人)InTermsofIndependentFilm“独立电影”的概念来源于上个世纪中期的好莱坞。当时的Hollywood由电影公司所垄断，一部电影拍摄的运作遵循步骤严谨的“制片人制度”。这种“制片人制度”的目标完全瞄准市场，期望获得最大的利润，因此，尽管这种制度为电影事业带来的大量资金，但也限制了电影创作者的发挥空间。于是，一批电影人开始自筹资金，甚至自己编写剧本，自己担任导演，拍出了许多与商业电影截然不同的思想性强的电影，被人们称为“独立电影”。WarnerBros.Entertainment,Inc华纳兄弟娱乐公司SubsidiaryCorporation(子公司)ofWB1.WarnerBrothersPictureFoundin1918,itwasthethirdoldestfilmcompanyintheUnitedStatesInception盗梦空间Interstellar星际穿越2.DCFilmsBasedonafamousAmericanComiccompanyDCComicswhichisfoundin1934.JustlikepeercompetitorMarvelStudios,itsfeaturessuperherocomics,andhavecreatedmanysuperherofigures.Hasreleased10filmssince2008withintheDCExtensiveCinematicUniverse,fromBatman:Begins(2005)toSuicideSquad(2016).TheDarkKnight蝙蝠侠：黑暗骑士ManofSteel超人：钢铁之躯BatmanvSuperman:DawnofJustice蝙蝠侠大战超人：正义黎明SuicideSquad自杀小队20thCenturyFoxFilmCorporation20世纪福克斯Foundin1935,it’scombinedbytwobigfilmcompaniesFoxFilmand20thCenturyFilm.Itisverywellknownforitssearchlightstructurelogo,anditstriumphantfanfare.Targetstheglobalmainstreammarket,making$100-200millioninvestmentmovies(巨额投资的大片)UniversalPicture环球影业Thecompanywasfoundedin1912,whichistheoldestsurvivingfilmstudiointheUnitedStatesandtheworld'sfourtholdestfilmcompany.Universalwasthefirststudiotohavereleasedthreebillion-dollarfilmsinoneyear;thisdistinctionwasachievedin2015withFurious7,JurassicWorldandMinions速度与激情7侏罗纪世界ParamountPictures派拉蒙影业Itwasfoundin1912,whichisthefiftholdestsurvivingfilmstudiointheworld.ThedistinctivelypyramidalParamountmountainhasbeenthecompany'slogosinceitsinceptionandistheoldestsurvivingHollywoodfilmlogo.Infact,theparamountpictures’highmountainmetaphoricalpositioninthefilmindustryisveryappropriate.Inthefirstthirtyyearsofitscreation,thecompanyhasbeensittingonthethroneoftheHollywood,withitsnumerousstars,highqualityfilmsandchaincinemasallovertheUnitedStates.碟中谍系列变形金刚系列星际迷航系列