知识点总结本课程考试时间为150分钟,采用的题型有:单项选择题、填空题、英译汉、汉译英、和撰写英语书信五大题型。各类题型所占分数比重大致为:选择题共20小题,每小题1分,占总分的20%(单项选择);填空题共15题25个空,每个空一分,占总分的25%;英译汉共10小题,每小题2分,占总分的20%;汉译英共5小题,每小题3分,占总分的15%;撰写英语书信占总分的20%。试题难易度可分为较易、适中、较难三个等级。每份试卷中,不同难易度试题的分数比例为:较易占总分的20%,适中占总分的60%、较难占总分的20%。建交信1.Asthisitemfalls(be,lie)withinthescope(sphere)ofourbusinessactivities.(lines)此种商品属于我公司经营范围。2.WedealinChinesetextiles.我们经营中国纺织品。3.Thisshoptradesinpaperandstationery.这商店经营文具纸张。4.Wehandletheimportbusinessoftextiles.我公司经营纺织品的进口业务。5.toenterintodirectbusinessrelationswithyou与你公司建立直接的业务关系。与某某建立业务联系,一般用法:toestablishbusinessrelationswith……;toenterintobusinessactivitieswith……;tobuildupbusinessrelationswith……;tomakebusinesscontactwith……与谁建立业务联系用with建立什么样的关系:toestablishdirect(直接的)[pleasant(愉快的),friendly(友好的),good(良好的),mutuallybeneficial(互利的)]relationswith……在什么基础上建立业务关系:onthebasisof……如:Wearewillingtoenterintobusinessrelationswithyourfirmonthebasisofequality,mutualbenefitandexchangingwhatonehasforwhatoneneeds.我们愿在平等互利、互通有无的基础上与你公司建立业务联系。促进业务联系:topromotebusinessrelations;加强业务联系:tostrengthen(enhance)businessrelations.AvailableAvailable形容词available放在它所修饰的名词前或后都可以,Availablequantity或quantityavailable可供数量Doyouhaveanysampleavailable?你们能给我们寄样品吗?Quotationquotation做“报价”解时,常与动词make,send,give等连用:Pleasemake(send,give)usyourlowestquotation.还可以用letushave的结构:Pleaseletushaveyourlowestquotation.“quotation”后面常跟介词for,然后接所报的商品,在少数情况下,买方提及卖方的报价时用of.向对方请求报价时,必用for:PleasemakeusyourlowestquotationforChineseFoldingFans.请报中国折扇最低价。询价Quote做报价解时的基本结构是:quotesbapriceforsth:Pleasequoteusyourlowestpriceforcarpets.报盘Offer1)n.make(give,forward,send…)anofferon(for)[item]at[price]WearegladtogiveyouanofferonportabletypewriterModelMS-20atUS$140perunit,CIFBombay.2)vt.offer(item)at(price)Wecanofferyoulargequantitiesofthisyear’speanutsatUS$1,000permetricton.2.Induecourseinduecourse是商业书信中的成语,有时用副词duly,意指情况正常按时到达。3.Atseller‘s/buyer’soptionatseller‘soption表示由卖方决定,atbuyer’soption则表示由买方决定。4.Acceptable,Accept,Acceptanceacceptable是形容词,可接受的;accept是动词,接受;acceptance是名词,接受。在报盘有效期内接受报盘的全部条款,达成交易。我们就说:Weacceptyourofferof2000kilosblacktea.或:Weconfirmouracceptanceofyourofferof…5.inthemarketforsomething是书面语,表示想买进某物。如:YouareinthemarketforChemicals.你公司要购买化工产品。bringtomarket,putonthemarket,comeintothemarket都可以用来表示:在市场上出售,投放市场。如:ThenewcolorTVwillcomeintothemarketsoon.新型彩色电视机不久将投放市场。6.TradeInourtradewithcustomersintheAsian-Africancountries我们在同亚非国家的客户进行贸易时.trade做动词用时,表示“从事贸易,做生意,经营”。注意tradein和tradewith和某人做贸易接with,经营某项商品接in.如:Theytrademainlyincottonpiecegoods.他们主要经营棉布。订货及确认1.Subjectto:subjectto……视……而定,以……为条件。如:ThisofferissubjecttoyourreplybeingreceivedbySeptember1.本盘9月1日前复到有效。Thisofferissubjecttopriorsale.本盘以先卖为准。Thisofferissubjecttothegoodsbeingunsold.本盘以货物未售出为准。2.reducereductionreduce是动词,reduction是名词,后面接介词in,意思是减低、减少。减价还可以用cut.如:Inordertoclosethisdealweshallfurtherreduce(cut)ourprice.Wehavemade8%reductioninourprice.另外,减到某一程度用bringdownto,如:WebringdownourpricetothelevelyouindicatedinyourletterofAugust5.略减用shade,如:Weshadeourprice.支付见票后多少天支付的说法很多,常见的有:L/Cavailablebydraftat30daysaftersight见票后30天付款;usanceL/Cat30daysaftersight见票后30天付款;timeL/Cat30daysaftersight见票后30天付款;termL/Cat30daysaftersight见票后30天付款;usanceL/Cat30days见票后30天付款;timeL/Cat30days见票后30天付款;termL/Cat30days见票后30天付款。当数量条款定有溢短装条款时,付款条件中也应有所反映:Payment:Byconfirmed,irrevocableL/Cpayablebydraftatsight.TheL/Cshouldincludeaclause5%moreorlessforboththequantityandtheamountallowed.保兑的、不可撤销的信用证付款。信用证必须包括装货数量和总值都有5%溢短的条款。Payment:Byconfirmed,irrevocableL/C,allowing5%moreorlessbothinamountandinquantity.保兑的、不可撤销的信用证,数量和总值均允许5%溢短。付款条件的替代用法很多:Payment:Byconfirmed,irrevocableL/CpayableatsightagainstpresentationofshippingdocumentsinChina.保兑的、不可撤销的信用证,凭装运单据在中国即期支付。Byconfirmed,irrevocableL/Cpayablebydraftatsightwhichshouldreachusatleastonemonthbeforetheshippingdate,andshouldremainvalidfornegotiationinChinauntilthe15thdayafterthedateofshipment.保兑的、不可撤销的信用证,至迟应在装运期前一个月开达我方,在中国支付,信用证有效期至装运期后15天止。Forpayment,pleasearrangeforanirrevocableletterofcredit,validuntilJune30,tobeopenedinourfavorwiththeABCBank.关于付款,请安排由ABC银行开立以我方为受益人,有效期至6月30日截止的不可撤销的信用证。Paymentshouldbemadeunderanirrevocableletterofcreditwhichistobeopenedinourfavorwithinaweekafterthedateofyourorder.付款条件,在你方定货后一个星期内开立以我方为受益人的,不可撤销的信用证。beoutoflinewith……表示“与……不相符合”。Yourpriceisoutoflinewiththeprevailingmarketlevel.是指与现行行市不相符合。类似表达有:Yourcounterofferisnotuptothepresentmarketlevel.你方的还价不符合现行的市场水平。Yourpriceisnotonalevelwiththecurrentmarket.你方价格与当前的市场水平不相吻合。Yourcounterofferisnotatallinkeepingwiththecurrentrate.你方还价不符合现行的价格水平。Beinlinewith……表示“与……相符合”。Whileourpriceisinlinewiththeprevailinginternationalmarketrate,wearenotinapositiontoconsideranyconcessioninourprice,muchtoourregret.我们所报的价格完全符合当前国际市场行情,歉难在价格上作任何折让。另一种常见的表达法为incompliancewith…如:Ourquotationisincompliancewiththepresentlevel.我们所报价格符合当前市场水平。conformto…;beinconformitywith…保险1.insuranceinsurance作为“投保”解时,可以作名词用,也可以作动词用。做名词用时,与其连用的动词有arrange,cover,effect,provide,takeout等。说明保险情况时:表示所保的货物,后接on;表示投保的险别,后接against;表示保险金额,后接for;表示保险费或保险费率,后接at.。比如:Wehavecoveredinsuranceonthe100metrictonsofwoolfor100%