延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等。•Hehaslivedherefor6years.•Youcankeepthebookfor5days.•Istayedtherefor2weekslastyear.•Howlongdidyoustaytherelastyear?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。•非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：twoyearsago;at5o'clock;•例:Hedied5yearsago.•否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:•Ihaven'tleftherefor3years.•Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear；catchacold→haveacold等。例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.----Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.----Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.-----HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.----Ihavehadthebookfor5days.补充练习：•1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.•A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway•2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.•A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin•3.Thefactory________sincetheFebruaryof1988.•A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened•4.MaryandRose_______friendssincetheymetin2000.•A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome•5.Youmustn't________untilhecomesback.•A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft•6.Themeeting_______foraweeknow.•A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover•7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.•A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught•8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.•A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became•9.I______homeforaweek.•A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned•10.Howlong_______he________?•A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead•11.He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.•A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept•12.He________thecarforaweek.•A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad•13.-----Howlong_____you_____ill?-----Twoweeks.•A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been•14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.•A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom•15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.•A.borrowB.keepC.take•16.Thebus______ontheroadfor2hourssofar.•A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen•17.Areyou_____thejacketthesedays?•A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on•18.He________foe2hours.•A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup•19.Tomisillinhospital.He_______acoldforseveraldays.•A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad•20.-----HowlongcanI______thebook?------Twoweeks.•A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep•Key:•1---5DCABB;6---10CAABC;•11---15BCCCB;16---20CACDD