国际商务双语课件Intl Bz 5 Political Economy

InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeOutlineofChapterFive:☆Boeing,Airbus,andtheWorldTradeOrganizationp.177☆InstrumentsofTradePolicyTariffs180Subsidies181ImportQuotas&VoluntaryExportRestraints182LocalContentRequirement184AdministrativePolicies184AntidumpingPolicies185☆TheCaseforGovernmentIntervention185☆DevelopmentoftheWorldTradingSystem192-203InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeI.OpeningCaseBoeing,Airbus,andtheWorldTradeOrganizationInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeII.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeDoyouknowthetwoglobalcompetitorsintheworldaircraftmarket?InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeWhichcountries?InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeHelp!!!InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeAirbushasinvestedsome$15billioninsubsidiessince1970.Boeingisreceivingsubsidiestobuildits787jetliners.In2005,boththeU.S.andtheEuropeanUnionrefereedtheircomplaintstotheWTO.InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeFreetradep.178---governmentdoesnotattempttorestricttradeINTRODUCTIONWhilemanynationsarenominallycommittedtofreetrade,theytendtointerveneininternationaltradetoprotecttheinterestsofpoliticallyimportantgroups.InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeTherearesevenmaininstrumentsoftradepolicy:TariffsSubsidiesImportquotasVoluntaryexportrestraintsLocalcontentrequirementsAntidumpingpoliciesAdministrativepoliciesINSTRUMENTSOFTRADEPOLICYInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeTariffsSubsidiesQuotasVoluntaryExportRestraintsLocalContentRequire-mentsAdmini-strativePoliciesAnti-dumpingPoliciesInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTrade1.tariffs:p.180taxonimports1)twocategories＊Specifictariffs:从量税fixedchargeforeachunit＊Advaloremtariffs:从价税taxforthevalueII.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTrade2)Whogains:---governmentraisingrevenueforgovernment---domesticproducersprotectingagainstforeigncompetitors3)Whosuffers:---consumerspayingmoreforcertainimportse.g.:U.S.tariffonsteelin2002II.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTrade4)Effectofimporttariffs:---pro-producersandanti-consumers-----reducingtheefficiencyoftheworldeconomywhyanti-consumers?Restrictionofsupply,sodomesticpricehigh.whyprotectingdomesticfirms?becausetheycan’tcompetewithforeignproductssuccessfully.II.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeKeydefinitionNo.31p.180关税是对进口(或出口）商品征收的一种税收。从量税是按进口商品每单位征收一个固定的税额。从价税是按进口商品一定价值比例征收的。Atariffisataxleviedonimports(orexport).Specifictariffsareleviedasafixedchargeforeachunitofagoodimported.Advaloremtariffsareleviedasaproportionofthevalueoftheimportedgood.InternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeClassroomPerformanceSystemAtariffleviedasafixedchargeforeachunitofagoodimportedisa(n)a)Fixedtariffb)Specifictariffc)Advaloremtariffd)TransittariffbInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTrade2.subsidies:p.1811)definition:agovernmentpaymenttoadomesticproducer2)objective:＊competingagainstforeignimports＊gainingexportmarketsII.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTrade3)thefieldsubsidized:＊agriculture:largestbeneficiaryofsubsidiese.g.:theEuropeanUnion,theU.S.,Japan＊manufacturing:muchlowerbutsignificante.g.:BoeingII.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeThebiggestprovidersofdomesticsubsidiesCountryWTOnotification1996OECDestimates2004Canada$6,769m$5,521mEU$121,265m$114,274mJapan$56,858m$46,924mUS$58,899m$40,409mIndustrializedcountries:accountfor88%oftotaldomesticsupportpaymentmadegloballytoagricultureInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTradeSubsidyinwheatproductioninJapan:Over$7000millionin2004=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Djapanese%2Bold%2Bpeople%26sado%3D1%26ei%3Dutf-8%26fr%3Dyfp-t-701-s%26fr2%3Dsg-gac&w=257&h=193&imgurl==http%3A%2F%2F=23k&name=elderly+japanese...&p=japanese+old+people&oid=fb22e5d107dd6f40&fr2=sg-gac&no=15&tt=1068&sigr=11orot06j&sigi=11pro0vi6&sigb=13cmlaf9pInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEconomyofInternationalTrade4)Maingainsofsubsidies:helpingdomesticfirms---tobeafirst-mover---togainasamajorglobalcompanyII.InstrumentsofTradePolicyInternationalBusinessChapterFive:ThePoliticalEco