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冠词的混用、多用与少用考点3：真题再练下列各小题中有且仅有一处错误(多1个单词、少1个单词、错1个单词)，请指出并改正过来，然后说明理由。1.(2015新课标卷I)NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.习惯词组：inthecountryside在农村。the2.(2014新课标卷I)Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.固定词组：asaresult结果。a3.(2013新课标卷I)Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.固定词组：infact=inreality事实上。4.(2011新课标卷)Iwasgoingtovisitafriendthere,andafterthat,IwouldgotoXiamenforlongholiday.因可数名词holiday是单数，前面应有限定词；表示“一个”长假，填a，与foralongtime类似。a5.(2015新课标卷II)Helikeditsomuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop…Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.特指上文提到的那家商店，用the。the6.(2014新课标卷II)Mydreamschoollookslikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.不是特指，不用the。句意：教学楼周围有各种各样的花和树。7.(2013新课标卷II)Thiscustomsoonbecameanothermealofday.因除allday(整天),byday(白天)，daybyday(一天一天地),dayafterday(日复一日)等固定短语外，day前应有限定词，不可单独使用；指“一天中的”要说oftheday。the思路点拨1.留意三无名词。遇到无冠词、无形容词性物主代词、无不定代词修饰的单数可数名词要注意，若根据语境不是将其变为复数，就一定是在前面加冠词。如［真题再练］4、7。2.留意固定词组。固定词组常积累，就成火眼金睛，一看便知错。如［真题再练］1、2、3。3.考究是否用错。要根据冠词的基本用法，如定冠词表示特指，一般来说不是特指不用定冠词；不定冠词表泛指，常可译作“一个/本/支”等，意义不通，可能有错。如［真题再练］6。冠词的基本用法可参见语法填空部分。考点归纳冠词在5年8套题中考了7次，可算作必考点。主要从以下3个方面考查冠词：1.混用。即a,an与the的混用。如［真题再练］5。2.多用。如［真题再练］第3、6题。考查的内容是“零冠词”，即不用冠词的情况：(1)专有名词前，如Tom,China等。(2)学科名词前，如Ilikephysics。(3)球类运动名词前，如playfootball等。(4)三餐名词前，如havebreakfast等。(5)唯一职位名词前，如chairman,president等。(6)名词前已有物主代词或不定代词时，如myteacher,somestudents等。(7)抽象名词和物质名词等不可数名词表示泛指时，如I’mfondofmusic.(8)可数名词的复数形式表示泛指或指一类事物时，如［真题再练］6。(9)不用冠词的固定词组，如［真题再练］3。3.少用。这是考查的重点，8套题中考了4次。如［真题再练］第1、2、4、7题。要特别留意含有冠词的固定词组。如［真题再练］第1、2题。考点练透一、词组翻译1.目前，现在_______________2.首先，在开始时_______________3.放学后/毕业后_______________4.乘公共汽车_______________5.偶然_______________byaccident/chanceatpresentatfirstafterclass/graduationbybus6.错误地_______________7.用手工(做)_______________8.例如_______________9.上市，出售_______________10.当众，公开地_______________inpublicbymistakebyhandforexampleonsale11.事实上(infact)_________________12.处于麻烦中_________________13.徒然，白费力_________________14.故意地_________________15.展览，陈列_________________onshowinreality/asamatteroffactintroubleinvainonpurpose16.讲得通，合乎情理________________17.平均，一般来说________________18.步行________________19.值日，值班________________20.在度假(onholiday)________________onvacationmakesenseonaverageonfootonduty21.采取行动(takemeasures)_____________22.发生(happen)_____________23.参加(joinin)_____________24.毫不拖延(immediately)_____________25.无疑地(certainly)_____________withoutdoubttakeactiontakeplacetakepartinwithoutdelay26.顺便说说，顺便问问__________________27.最后，终于(eventually)__________________28.在……的尽头/末尾__________________29.在远处(faraway)______________30.在户外______________intheopenairbythewayintheendattheendofinthedistance31.前天____________________________32.在……的帮助下______________33.代替，取代(replace)______________34.总之，简言之(briefly)______________35.匆忙地(quickly)______________inahurrythedaybeforeyesterdaywiththehelpoftaketheplaceofinaword36.低声地____________________37.以低价____________________38.用规定食谱，节食_______________39.玩得痛快(enjoyoneself)____________________40.去散步____________________goforawalkinalowvoiceatalowpriceonadiethaveagoodtime41.患重感冒_________________42.和某人谈谈_________________43.休息一会儿_________________44.看一看_________________45.坐下，就坐(sitdown)______________takeaseathaveabad/heavycoldhaveawordwithsb.takearesthavealook46.对……有影响___________________47.犯错误，出差错___________________48.许下诺言___________________49.做鬼脸___________________50.戏弄,开……的玩笑___________________playajokeonhaveaneffectonmakeamistakemakeapromisemakeaface51.在……中起作用/扮演角色_______________________52.参观，拜访(visit)_______________53.相当多，不少_______________54.提前(earlierthanexpected)_______________________55.像往常一样_______________asusualplayapartinpayavisittoquiteafewaheadoftime/inadvance二、句子改错下列各小题中有且仅有一处错误(多1个单词、少1个单词、错1个单词)，请指出并改正过来，然后说明理由。1.(2010新课标卷)MyfriendNicktoldmestoryabouthisexperiencebackintheUS…可数名词单数story前加不定冠词，表示“一个”故事。a2.(2009新课标卷)…andtheyfoundmeacomfortableoneonsecondfloor.序数词前要用定冠词。the3.(2008新课标卷)Wewereorganizinganartexhibitionforhighschoolstudentsincity.应是为特指的某个城市的中学生举办的艺展。事实上，英语中没有incity的说法，但通常说intown。the4.(2014大纲卷)Asaoldsayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”因old的读音以元音音素开头。an5.(2013大纲卷)Mymotherisverykindandisfriendlytoeverybody.SowhenIhavetheproblem,Iwillturntoherforhelp.不是特指,是泛指。a6.(2012打纲I)Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortstocutdowntheuseofenergyinourcountry.复数名词前不用a。7.(2012大纲卷II)Manycountriesintheworldfindtheydon’thaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttrees…特指上文提到的缺水“这个”问题。the/this/that8.(2011大纲卷I)OneofmyunforgettablememoriesofmyschoolinXinjiangisthatofluncheswebroughtfromourhomes.因lunches后有定语从句修饰，特指从家里带到学校的午餐。the9.(2011大纲卷II)Ifyou’dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.固定词组：makeatripto去旅行。a10.(2010大纲卷I)TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse,whowasaveryfamouswriter.表示“一位”绅士。a11.(2010大纲卷II)Lastyear,shedecidedtostudyabroad.Inotherwords,wewouldbeseparatedforlongtime.表示分开很长“一段”时间。a12.(2009大纲卷I)Thefactory…hasbeenmovedoutofthecity,andsportscenterhasbeenbuiltinitsplace.指建了“一座”体育中心。a13.(2009大纲卷II)JustbeforeIturnedc