啤酒灌装生产线的PLC控制系统

啤酒灌装生产线的PLC控制系统设计摘要本次论文设计在现有的啤酒灌装生产线控制系统的基础上，通过对自动控制系统的研究设计出一套基于PLC与变频器控制的啤酒罐装生产线控制系统。论文首先说明了课题的意义，国内外发展的状况，课题研究的内容以及关于啤酒灌装生产线运动的控制要求。接着，根据啤酒的生化特性，设计出适合啤酒灌装的啤酒灌装机，也对灌装机的灌装过程做了一定简要的说明。然后设计出一个包含传送带与灌装机的灌装生产线工艺图，再根据控制要求采用PLC作为控制器设计出实现啤酒灌装生产过程的控制电路。本文对灌装控制过程中涉及到的各个细节进行了详细的论述，尤其在速度控制调节进行了大量的说明。在详细的说明了整个灌装控制过程的同时，最后还给出了实现整个控制过程的程序。程序设计是按照控制实现不同的功能进行分块作为子程序来设计的。由于啤酒生产线的速度调节没有连接实物，没有速度反馈进行比较调节，无法做到对速度的恒速控制仿真，在最后章节中仅对啤酒灌装机内液面进行模拟仿真。关键字：PLC变频器生产线设计工艺图控制线路程序仿真TheDesignofPLCControlSystemofBeerProductionLineABSTRACTBasedonthepresentcontrolsystemofcannedbeerproductionline,thispaperworksoutaproductionlinecontrolsystembyadoptingmodernautomaticcontrolmethods.ItisinthelightofPLCandthecontroloffrequencyconverter.Inthefirstplace,thepapersetsoutthesignificanceofthissubject,andthenitsdevelopmentathomeandabroad.Inaddition,thecontentofthissubjectandtherequirementofcannedbeerproductionline’smovementareincludedinit.Accordingtobeer’sbiochemicalcharacteristics,thedesignofabeerfillercomesout,withasimpleinstructionoftheprocessoffilling.Next,thispaperdesignsaproductionlinechartcontainingconveyerbeltandfiller.Accordingtothecontrolrequirements,itcarriesoutacontrolcircuitadaptingPLCasthecontroller.Exceptforthedetailedprocessoffilling,thispaperpresentstheroutineofprocessanditsemulation,especiallyinspeedcontroladjustment.Theroutineisclassifiedbasedondifferentfunctions.Shortofthephysicalmodelandspeedfeedback,thespeedadjustmentofbeerproductionlinecan’tcarryoutaconstant-speedcontrol.Therefore,thispaperonlysimulatescylinderofthebeerfillerinthelastchapter.KeyWords:PLCTheinverterProductionlineprocessdesignControlcircuitTheprogramThesimulation目录第一章绪论....................................................................................................................................11.1课题研究的意义....................................................................................................................11.2国内外发展状况....................................................................................................................11.3本课题的研究内容................................................................................................................2第二章啤酒特性及其灌装原理的分析.................................................................................32.1啤酒的物理特性....................................................................................................................32.2啤酒罐装方法选择................................................................................................................32.3灌装原理分析及灌装机的设计............................................................................................42.3.1灌装原理的分析...........................................................................................................42.3.2罐装机的设计...............................................................................................................42.3.3罐装机工作过程...........................................................................................................5第三章啤酒灌装生产线的工艺设计......................................................................................63.1啤酒灌装生产线的工艺设计图............................................................................................63.2灌装过程俯视平面图............................................................................................................63.3星轮与旋转灌装机同步转动设计........................................................................................7第四章啤酒灌装生产线控制系统的电路设计...................................................................94.1啤酒罐装生产线的控制要求................................................................................................94.2主电路的分析与设计............................................................................................................94.3控制电路的分析与设计......................................................................................................114.3.1对传送带速度控制的分析.........................................................................................114.3.2对灌装机旋转速度控制的分析.................................................................................114.3.3对液缸内液位控制的分析.........................................................................................114.3.4控制电路的设计.........................................................................................................124.4输入输出I/O分配...............................................................................................................144.5控制电路设备的端子接线及参数设置..............................................................................154.5.1编码器.........................................................................................................................164.5.2变频器接线及其参数设置.........................................................................................164.5.3EM235的端子接线....................................................................................................184.5.4传感器.........................................................................................................................184.5.5真空泵......