中小企业信息化投资分析

华侨大学博士学位论文中小企业信息化投资分析姓名：张庆武申请学位级别：博士专业：数量经济学指导教师：乌家培;郭东强200703012UNCTAD2001ITITIT3ITITITERPITITITITIT4ABSTRACTTremendoustechnologicalprogressofITsystemanditsdiffusionintoeconomyhaveplayedmoreandmoreimportantroleineconomicgrowthincountries.NeweconomyproductivityleadeconomicgrowthintheInformationAgecanbefound.Morefirmsstillstudyhowtouseinternettomakemoreprofits,alsomorecountriesstilllearnhowtousenewinformationandcommunicationtechnologyintobusinessbasedonthereportofUNCTADin2001.Ifdevelopingcountriescan’tcatchthechance,theyshouldnotenjoythebenefitfromelectronicbusiness.However,economicimpactofITindevelopingcountrieshasnotbeeninvestigatedverymuchinfirms,especiallyinSmallandMediumsizedEnterprises.(SMEs)WhenwetalkabouthowtoreformtraditionaleconomybyusingITtool,weshouldclearlyrealizethatreformingdoesnotreplacing.AlthoughmoreandmoredemandswillbeproducedasITinfluencedilatingfast,thebasicneedsforhumanlivingonwouldstillbeingexistedlongperiodoftime.Theycanonlybesolvedandsatisfiedbytraditionalindustry.Therefore,althoughwecomeintoinformationeconomicsocietynow,thetraditionalindustrywillstillbeingthefoundationofnationaleconomy.Thearticleanalyzesseriesofnationalpolicyanddocumentsandinvestigateddata,believedthattheinformatizationproblemofSMEswouldbethekeypointtopushnationalinformatizationgoingstepfurther.Atthepresent,thedemandofinformatizationinSMEshasbeenrunninghigh.WhatweshoulddoistocreateanenvironmentwhereSMEscanbenefitfrominformatization.Thearticleanalyzesthepresentconditionofnationalinformatization,consideredthatinformatizationinSMEsinournationisstillintheinitialphase.AlthoughthebasicinformatizationoncorecompetitiveabilityhasaccomplishedinBigandSuper-bigsizedenterprisesbygovernmentpushingonandenterprisesputtingintoinmorethantenyears,theconditionofmassSME’sinformatizationisjustinabeginningstage.Theyneedpracticeexperienceandtobeguidedbyout-strengths.ThemarketcompetitivepressureandthesuperiorityofearlierdecisionhaveimpelledSMEstoacceleratetheirstepsonITinvestment.IThasbecomeamainfactorforfirmsliving.InordertorealizeeconomicgainsfromITinvestment,afirmmusthaveagoodincentivetoimproveitsoperationalefficiency,andtointroducenewbusinessprocessesormodels,whichcanbe5appliedbyusingIT.SotheinformatizationprobleminSMEsnowisnot“willornot”,butis“howtodo”.TheauthorbelievesthattoanalyzeITinvestmentinSMEswouldbehelpfultoclearuptheirdiffusion,andstrengthentheirconfidenceanddeterminationinITinvestment.TherearefewstudiesworkingontheimpactofITonfirm’sperformance,especiallyonSMEs,althoughsomepapersareaddressingtherelationshipbetweenR&Dandproductivity.ThepaperisattemptedtoanalyzetheimpactofITonfirmlevelproductivity.Thepaperfirstthinksovermacroscopicconditionvariables,especiallythepublicpolicy,howtoaffectITinvestmentinSMEsbasedongovernmentperspective.Thepaperdeducedthe“drawwaterbenefit”inpublicinvestmentaffectinginformatizationinvestment,believedthatthegovernmentcanachievethebenefitthroughtaxpolicyandcreditpolicy,andtheeffectoftaxpolicyisbetterthancreditpolicy.Therefore,itisimportanttoinvestigatetheimpactofeconomicreformasanecessaryconditionthatChinesefirmscangainsuperiorperformancebyITinvestment.ThearticletraducesthegeneralsituationandproblemsaboutITinvestmentinSMEs,andthenexploredhowcapitalstructureaffectsITinvestmentinSMEs.TheauthormakesaconcreteevidencemodeltoanalyzeITinvestmentbenefit,andthendiscussedthestrategymanagementproblemsofITinvestment.TheauthordeemsthatweshouldholdadynamicviewoninformatizationinvestmentstrategyinSMEs.Enterprisesarethecellsofnationaleconomy.Informatizationinenterprisesisthefoundationfornationalinformatization.Sothepapergavesomepolicyproposesbasedontheaboveanalysisattheend.Inaddition,theauthordiscussedtheproblemswhatwilldoinfutureandgivethefutureresearchagenda.Keywords:InformatizationinSMEs;AnalysisonITInvestment;InformatizationStrategyManagement.91IT(Informatization-basedSociety)UNCTAD200121ITInformationalTechnologyInformatizationITITIT2[28].10ITIT31/32/367%6070%208019831986863BIPISDN1994199652010201019973[59].1120021020055200620202020102004200512(1995)4195319903894.54%5.46%0.37%(2002)565%3%300200070%19983000.3%20020.75%8%10%20022600ERPMRPGartnerERPIT20%90%ERP2005200320200481.8%IT2004200572004IT2549.811.8%2005200712674[56].5[56].6[11].7[84].1320012090OECDGDP8120099%60%57%9200410IT2015%99%10%20042%(CCWResearch2004100.3%0.5%8[63].9ccw10ccw.1411601961IT(Informatization)19671959JMarschak1961GStigler1962FMachlupRD530MPorat19771963197319881989NAhitur11.15123LoterMillerIT197219731980198280IT198619878RobertSolowWeseethecomputerageeverywhereexceptintheproductivitystatistics.Solow1988StevenRoach19891991Weil1990BaruaKriebelMukhopadhyay1991ITITITITGNPITBrynjolsson19931234ITBakos19981998SanjeevDewanKennethLKraemerIT2131−−2000OlinerSichelITGordonIT2090ITStrassman38GottliebandDenny19741987Alpar759Loveman20605ITIT2090LevineITITMIT90VenkatramanMichalHammer199016BrynjolssonHitt1998ITITITITDevaraj83ITIT1993MITEricBrynjolssonHittLichtenberg1995DewanandMin1997IBM19971999IT19921/3ITITBrynjolssonHittandYang200219871997121611011Dedrick2003IT