中考英语定语从句[1]

TheAttributiveClause考点梳理考点一概念以及相关术语1.什么是定语从句？2.什么是先行词？3.什么是关系词？4.关系词分为哪两类？有哪些？WhichoneisHarryPotter?TheboyisHarryPotter.Theboyiswearingglasses.一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)(Attributiveclause)HarryPotterisahandsomeboy.TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPotter.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，whyThegirlisreading.SheisfromClassNinety-seven.关系词（做主语=she）Thegirl_______________isfromClassNinety-seven.who/thatisreadingWetalkedabouthimyesterday.Theman______________________________________isYaoMing.ThemanisYaoMing.(who/that/whom)wetalkedaboutyesterday关系词（做宾语=him）whomwetalkedyesterdayThemanabout____________________isYaoMing.当先行词指人时，引导词用__________.who,that作定语从句的主语或宾语，whom作定语从句的宾语。复习总结：who/that/whom可省略关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom1.Heisthekindofperson___________helpsothers.2.Sheisalovelygirl____________everyonelikes.3.Theboywith_____Johnspokeismybrother.whowhowhom/that/thatLet’sdo!/whomIlikemusic______________________关系词（在从句中做主语=music）翻译下列句子。我喜欢轻柔的音乐。which/thatisquietandgentle.先行词ThisisanEnglishbook.WeuseitinourEnglishclass.ThisisanEnglishbookwhich/thatweuseinourEnglishclass.关系词（做宾语代替it）先行词当先行词指物时,关系词用___________在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略.注：关系代词前有介词时(介词提前),指物只用whichwhich复习总结/that1.Ilikethemovies____________makemehappy.2.Isthisbookyouwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?3.Shanghaiistheplacein_______hewasborn.whichwhichwhich/that/thatLet’sdo!Revision1theusageoftherelativepronoun关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhosewhose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语，表从属关系，后面加名词如何选用定语从句的关系词1.确定定语从句的先行词2.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语）3.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，指人时用who,that,whom,whose;指物时用which,that。由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语/宾语1.Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?Doyouknowtheman___yourfatheristalkingwith?A.whoseB.whoC.whom2.Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom3.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.Theteacher____youarewaitingforhascome.A.whoB.whomC.that4.Heistheman___carwasstolen.A.whoB.whomC.whose由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词后只能用whom由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语5.Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what6.Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语介词提前时只能用whichthat只能用that的情况①当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级，或被其修饰时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.⑤当先行词同时指人和物时在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。当主句以who、which开头时，用that避免重复。⑥Isthereanythingthatyoudon’tunderstand?⑦Whoistheboythatisplayingfootball?7.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that8.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导9.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose10.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时只能用that引导先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导11.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导不用that的情况a)引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：（错）Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.改正：that改为which.b)介词后不能用。例如：Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我们依赖土地获得食物。复习定语从句中的关系副词：when,where,whywhen在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词表示时间，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词表示地点，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhichwhy在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是原因，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.判断关系代词与关系副词重点关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）。判断改错：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlastyear.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.I'llneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthecountryside.When是副词，不能充当宾语1.-Doyouknowtheman____istalkingwithyourfather？-Yes，he’sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim？A.WhichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.A.WhereB.WhichC.ThatD.it4.Canyoulendmethedictionary____theotherday？A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit5.Anyone_____withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagreeBBCAC6.Mywatchisnottheonlything_____ismissing.A.ThatB.itC.whichD.who7.Theman_____coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.who’sB.whoseC.thatofwhich.8.Thegirl_____isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；was9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.WhichC.WhereD.who10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatw