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定语从句定语从句1.定语从句及其相关概念;2.关系代词引导的定语从句;3.注意事项。一、定语从句及相关概念定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.从句如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。判断划线的词作什么成分acleverboytwopensagirlstudent1.概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.先行词2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系词1.Thisisthebook.Yougavemethebook.合并成一个句子Thisisthebook_________yougaveme.2.Thepenwasverynice.Youlentmethepen.合并成一个句子Thepen_________youlentmewasverynice.Theteacher_______youtalkedtojustnowismyEnglishteacher.3.TheteacherismyEnglishteacher.Youtalkedtotheteacherjustnow.合并成一个句子判断上述合并后的句子中的定语从句、先行词。引导词先行词成分关系代词who人主，宾whom人宾which物主，宾that人或物主，宾whose人或物定1.Thisisthebook.Yougavemethebook.合并成一个句子Thisisthebook_________yougaveme.2.Thepenwasverynice.Youlentmethepen.合并成一个句子Thepen_________youlentmewasverynice.Theteacher_______youtalkedtojustnowismyEnglishteacher.3.TheteacherismyEnglishteacher.Youtalkedtotheteacherjustnow.合并成一个句子注：引导词在定语从句中作宾语，常常省略。（that/which）（that/which）（who/whom/that）4.Thisistheboy.Theboy’scoatisontheplayground.合并成一个句子Thisistheboy______coatisontheplayground.5.Doyouknowthegirl?ThegirlistalkingwithMr.Smith.合并成一个句子Doyouknowthegirl__________istalkingwithMr.Smith?Thelibrary___________hasallkindsofbooksisontheotherside.6.Thelibraryisontheotherside.Thelibraryhasallkindsofbooks.合并成一个句子whosewho/thatthat/which注：引导词在定语从句中作主语，不可省略。判断下列句子中的定语从句、先行词和引导词。1.Thisisthebookthatyouboughtforme.先行词引导词2.Thisisthehousewhichsells$300.先行词引导词3.Thepenwhichyoulentmewasverynice.先行词引导词4.TheteacherwhomyoutalkedtojustnowismyEnglishteacher.先行词引导词(1)首先找出两个句子当中相同的部分，定语从句修饰的就是这一部分。（即先行词）(2)要把其中一个句子变成定语从句，就要把这句中相同的那个部分用一个关系词（即引导词）来代替;(3)代替时，先看被代替的部分是指人还是指物、再看它作什么句成分。指人并作主语的，就用who。或that;指人并作宾语的，就用who（常代替whom)，whom，或that,;指人并作定语的，就用whose。如何用定语从句把两个句子合二为一:指物并作主语的，就用which或that指物并作宾语的，就用which或that指物并作定语的，就用whose。(4)这样找好并替换以后，再把这个关系代词放到要变成定语从句的那个句子的前面(被代替的部分不能再保留，其它的词语一律不变)，这个句子就变成了定语从句。(5)然后，再把这个定语从句整个放在被修饰的词后面，(6)最后，如果还有其它句子成分，就把它们放到定语从句的后面，就行了。关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thewomanthat/who____(be)speakingatthemeetingismymother.Thosewho____(be)talkingaremyparents.isare定语从句的辨认与使用思考步骤：（1）找出先行词a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后）（2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分以确定关系代词的格（3）确定从句时态Doyouknowtheboymymotherwastalkingtoyesterday?1、他就是你想见的那个教师。Heistheteacher(who/that)youwanttosee.2、他就是我昨天见的那个人。Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.3、请递给我书皮是绿色的那本书。Isthisthebackpack(which/that)youlost.？4、这是你丢失的双肩包吗？翻译下列句子：5、这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.思考题：Thisistheplace.Iwasbornintheplace.合并成一个句子ThisistheplaceIvisitedtheplacelastyear.________Iwasbornin.________Ivisitedlastyear.(which/that)which(which/that)in_______Iwasborn.注：介词提前，指物只能用which,即“介词+which”；介词提前，指人只能用whom,即“介词+whom”。2.Thisisthecity.Helivesinthecity.合并成一个句子Thisisthecity________helivesin.(which/that)in_______helives.which合并成一个句子3.Thisisthefarm.Myuncleworksonthefarm.合并成一个句子Thisisthefarm_________myuncleworkson.on_________myuncleworks.(which/that)which4.Hearrivedatthebusstop.Thebusstopisontheleftofourschool.Thebusstop________hearrivedatat________hearrivedisontheleftofourschool.(which/that)which思考题：Thisistheplace.Iwasbornintheplace.合并成一个句子ThisistheplaceIvisitedtheplacelastyear.________Iwasbornin.________Ivisitedlastyear.(which/that)where(which/that)________Iwasborn.关系副词where地点词状when时间词状whyreason状2.Thisisthecity.Helivesinthecity.3.I’llneverforgetthedays.Weworkedtogetheronthesedays.合并成一个句子合并成一个句子Thisisthecity_________helives.I’llneverforgetthedays_________weworkedtogether.wherewhen1.Hewenttotheplace.Hisparentswerebornintheplace.合并成一个句子Hewenttotheplace_______hisparentswereborn.where4.Ishallneverforgettheday.Wefirstmetontheday.Ishallneverforgettheday________wefirstmet.合并成一个句子5.Hereistheplace.Themurdertookplaceintheplace.合并成一个句子Hereistheplace_________themurdertookplace.6.Hedidn’tgiveanyreason.Ihadbeenfiredforthereason.Hedidn’tgiveanyreason__________Ihadbeenfired.合并成一个句子whenwherewhy1)Hangzhouistheplace______Iwentlastsummer.2)Hereadthebook______hissisterhadtoldhimabout.3)Thereason______Peterissohappyisthathepassedtheexam.4)Iremembertheday______myfatherdied.Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime.5)Pleasegivemethereason______youwerelatethistime.6)Iwillgobacktotheplace______Igrewupandlivethereforever.whywherewhich/thatwhenwhywhere关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词that人/物主、宾which物主、宾who人主、宾whom人宾whose人/物定关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboy_______Johnspoketoismybrother.which/thatwhom/that6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.翻译：1、这就是我妈妈送给我的生日礼物。2、你觉得我们昨天听的音乐会怎么样？3、新疆是我出生长大的地方。4、你认识刚才和夏老师谈话的那个人吗？引导词先行词成分关系代词who人主，宾whom