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英语高一牛津版上专题训练—阅读理解（详解）(A)WhilestudentsinHainanarequiteusedtoclearskies,Beijingteenagersarenotsolucky.Asanotherwarmwinterapproaches,thecitycanexpectthenormalcloudsofsmokecausedbyairpollution.Butthingscouldstarttogetbettersoon.Thegovernmentisco-operatingwithaUS-basedenvironmentalprotectionagencytoupdateexistingbusesandtruckswithcleanfueltechnology.Thenewtechnologycouldreduceairpollutantsinexistingdieselvehicles(柴油机)by40percent.TheprogrammewillbeginbytestingbusesinBeijingtoseeifthetechnologycanbeappliedtothem.“Weencouragethedevelopmentofpublictransportation.Butatthesametimeweneedtoreducepollutionfromthem,”saidanofficial.Effortsarebeingmadetoimprovethecapital’senvironmentwithtightercontrolsonemissions(排放).Someheavilypollutingfactoriesandconstructionsites,suchasthoseownedbythesteelgiantShougangGroup,havebeenaskedtocutproductioninNovemberandDecemberorbeclosed.Beijingwasthethirdpollutedcityintheworldattheendoflastcentury,accordingtotheUN.Butthankstorecentmeasures,thecapitalhasmadesomeprogress.Lastyear224cleardayswereratedashavinggoodairquality.In1998theairqualityindex(指数)gavejust100daysasgood.“Iamgladtoseeanimprovement,”saidaSenior1boylivinginthenorthwestofBeijing.“Comparedtootherplaces,theairqualityofBeijingisstillworryingthough.Ihatethepollution.OnceIwasridingmybikeinthemorningwhenIalmosthadatrafficaccidentbecauseIcouldn’tseeacaronlymetresawayfrommeinfrog.”InearlyOctober,theskieswerecoveredbysuchathickfogthatadisplayshowbythevisitingFrenchairforcewascalledoff.Rapiddevelopment,industry,trafficfumes(烟)andsandstormsfromthedesertallcontributetothecity’sbadair.1.Thepassageismainlyabout________?A.aprogrammetoimproveBeijing’sairqualityB.progressmadeinBeijing’sairqualityC.Beijing’sairpollutionD.thedifferencebetweenHainanandBeijing2.WhichofthefollowingisnotthemeasuretakenortobetakentoimproveBeijing’sair?A.Cleanfueltechnologywillbeusedinpublictransportation.B.Somefactorieshavebeenaskedtocutproduction.C.Someconstructionsiteshavebeentoldtobeclosed.D.Adisplayshowofairplaneshasbeencalledoff.3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat,withtheaimofbeinganecological(生态旳)citybythe2008Olympics,________.A.farmorestillneedstobedoneB.nothingelseneedstobedoneC.alltraffichastobeclosedD.thedevelopmentofthecityhastobesloweddown4.Whichisnotcorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Beijing’sairqualityisgettingworseandworse.B.Development,industry,trafficfumesandsandstormsareallthecausesofbadairquality.C.CloudsofsmokeintheskyisthecommonfeatureinthewinterofBeijing.D.Thegovernmentismakingeveryefforttostopairpollution.(B)Everyonehasgooddaysandbaddays.Sometimes,youfeelasifyou’reontopoftheworld.Butoccasionallyyoufeelhorrible,andyoulosethingsandyoucannotfocusonyourschoolwork.Formorethan20years,scientistshavesuggestedthathighself-esteem(自尊)isthekeytosuccess.Now,newresearchshowsthatfocusingjustonbuildingself-esteemmaynotbehelpful.Insomecases,havinghighself-esteemcanbringbadresultsifitmakesyoulesslikeableormoreupsetwhenyoufailatsomething.“Forgetaboutself-esteem,”saysJenniferCrocker,apsychologist(心理学家)attheUniversityofMichigan,US.“It’snottheimportantthing.”FeelinggoodCrocker’sadvicemaysoundabitstrangebecauseitisgoodtofeelgoodaboutyourself.Studiesshowthatpeoplewithhighself-esteemarelesslikelytobedepressed,anxious,shy,orlonelythanthosewithlowself-esteem.But,afterreviewingabout18,000studiesonself-esteem,RoyBaumeister,apsychologistatFloridaStateUniversity,hasfoundthatbuildingupyourself-esteemwillnotnecessarilymakeyouabetterperson.Hebelievesthatviolentandwickedpeopleoftenhavethehighestself-esteemofall.Healsosaid:“There’snoevidencethatkidswithhighself-esteemdobetterinschool.”ProblemsAlltypesofpeoplehaveproblems.Peoplewithhighself-esteemcanhavebigegos(自我)thatcanmakethemlesslikeabletotheirpeers(同龄人),saidKathleenVohs,apsychologyprofessoratColumbiaUniversity.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtothinkmoreofthemselves,Vohssays.Peoplewithlowself-esteemaremorelikelytorelyontheirfriendswhentheyneedhelp.WhattodoResearcherssayitisbesttolistentoandsupportotherpeople.Findpositivewaystocontributetosociety.Ifyoufailatsomethingtrytolearnfromtheexperience.“Thebesttherapy(药方)istorecognizeyourfaults,”Vohssays.“It’sOKtosay,‘I’mnotsogoodatthat,’andthenmoveon.”5.Thenewresearchcomestotheconclusionthathighself-esteem________.A.isnotimportantatallB.hastakenonadifferentmeaningC.maynotbethekeytosuccessD.doesnothelpyoudobetteratschool6.Oneoftheconclusionsofthenewresearchisthat________.A.feelinggoodaboutoneselfdoesn’tmeanyouleadahappierlifeB.peoplewithhighesteemusuallydonotseekother’shelpC.peoplewithhighesteemtendtobeproudD.peoplewithlowesteemareoftenmorepopular7.Theunderlinedpart“abetterperson”inthepassageprobablymeansapersonwhois________.A.helpfulandsupportiveB.gentleandmodestC.likableandsuccessfulD.friendlyandkind8.Fromthetext,wecaninferthebesttherapymentionedinthelastparagraphismainlyforpeople________.A.withhighself-esteemB.withlowself-esteemC.ofallkindsD.whoarefocusingonbuildingself-esteem(C)Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecenterofmedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehe