第9课八年级上册Units3—4重点词汇与短语decide◎观察思考HethoughtaboutgoingtoGreeceorSpain,butdecidedonCanada.他考虑过去希腊或西班牙,但决定去加拿大。Theydecidedtostartoffatonce.他们决定马上出发。Ican’tdecidewhattodo.我不能决定该干什么。◎归纳拓展decide动词,意为“决定”;名词形式为decision,makeadecision做决定。decideonsth.就某事决定。decidetodosth.决定做某事。后可接“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。◎即学即用1:(1)Theyflykiteonweekend.他们决定在周末去放风筝。(2)Bettytheredskirt.贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。decidedtodecideson2.leave观察思考WeleftShanghaiforBeijingtwoyearsago.我们两年前离开上海去了北京。Mr.Li,Ileftabookatyourhomeyesterday.李先生,我昨天落了一本书在你家里。Ihavelittlemoneyleft.◎归纳拓展leave动词,意为“离开;把……留下,剩下”。leavefor意思是“前往”,for后的地点是表示要去的目的地。leavesth.sp.把某物忘在某处。havesth.left剩下某物。相关短语:leaveonebyoneself把某人独自留下;leaveamessage留口信。leaves又可作为leaf(树叶)的复数形式。◎即学即用2:()(1)ChenGuangbiaosayshe________allhismoneytocharitieswhenhedies.(2011临沂)A.leavesB.leftC.willleaveD.wouldleave(2)WewillBeijingnextmonth.We’llhaveameetingthere.Cleavefor3.finishdoing观察思考Ijustfinishmakingmylastmovie.我刚刚完成上部影片的拍摄。finish动词,意为“完成,结束”,后跟名词或ving形式。表示“完成某事;做完某事”。用法类似的词有:enjoy,practice,mind,keep,suggest,consider,lookforwardto等。◎即学即用3:()Ididn’tfinish________mytestbecauseIranoutoftime.A.writeB.towriteC.towritingD.writingD4.gobikeriding◎观察思考Ioftengobikeridingwithmyfriendsonsundays.星期天我通常和朋友们一起去骑车兜风。It’stoohot.Let’sgoswimmingthisafternoon.太热了,我们下午去游泳吧。◎归纳拓展go+现在分词,表示“要进行某种活动”。常见短语有:goboating去划船,gofishing去钓鱼,goclimbing去爬山,gosightseeing去观光,gohiking去徒步旅行。◎即学即用4:Hangzhouisagoodplaceto.杭州是一个观光的好地方。gosightseeing5.it◎观察思考Itis5kilometersaway.有5公里远。What’sthis?It’sanapple.这是什么?这是苹果。It’sverycoldtoday.今天天气很冷。It’s5:00.五点了。Whoisknockingonthedoor?Ithinkit’sJim.谁在敲门?我猜是吉姆。It’snotagoodideaforstudentstocopyothers’homework.对学来说,抄别人的作业不是一个好主意。Shefindsitmuchbettertodoherownwork.她发现自己做作业要好得多。ItwasawatchthatIreceivedonmytenthbirthday.我十岁生日那天收到是一块手表。◎归纳拓展it用作实词,表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物;指代前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。it作形式主语或形式宾语。it用于强调句型(It...that...)。◎即学即用5:(1)Howoldisthebaby?isabouteightmonths.(2)waswetalldayyesterday.(3)Shefoundeasytofinishalltheexercises.(4)ItwasadictionaryIfoundontheplaygroundyesterday.ItItitthat重点句型1.Howfarisitfromhishometohisschool?◎典例体验Howlongistheriver?这条河有多长?Howoldareyou?你多少岁?HowwideistheGreatWall?长城有多宽?Howtallisthebuilding?这座建筑物有多高?◎归纳拓展howfar意为“多远”,用于询问两地间的距离。How+形容词……?表示疑问:多少/远/长/高/……?from...to...表示“从……到……”。◎即学即用6:(1)Howisthebaby?Itisabouteightmonths.(2)Howisthetree?It’sabout4meterstall.(3)It’sabout2kilometersmyhomethecinema.oldtallfromto2.Ittakesabout25minutestowalk.◎典例体验Ittakesmethreehourstodomyhomework..做作业花了我三个小时。Theshirtcostme$20.这件衬衫花了我20美元。Hespenttwodayscollectingtheinformation.他花了两天时间收集信息。Mr.Greenpaid$10forhisbill.格林先生为他的账单付了10美元。◎归纳拓展take,cost,spend,pay都为动词,都有“花费”的意思。Ittakesb.sometimetodosth.是常用句型,意为“花费某人多少时间干某事”,其中it是形式主语,指“干某事”。cost一般用某物来做主语,表示“(某物)值……、花费……”,既能指花费时间也能指花费金钱。spend一般用某人作主语,表示“(某人)花费……,付出……”,也能指花费时间或金钱,指时间时常与in搭配(in可省略)后接ving形式,指金钱时常与on搭配。pay用作动词时,一般也以某人作主语,但一般指花钱、付款等,常与for搭配使用。◎即学即用7:(1)Thenewbikeme300yuan.(2)Wetwodaysinrepairingthismachine.(3)Mr.Lee$20onbookseverymonth.(4)They70yuanforthetickets.(5)ItmeseveralhourstogettherelastSunday.costspentspendspaidtook易混辨异1.forgettodosth.,forgetdoingsth.◎观察思考Iforgottotellhimthenews.我忘记告诉他这个消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我忘了我曾告诉过他这个消息。◎归纳拓展forgettodosth.意思是“忘记做某事”,实际上还没做。forgetdoingsth.意思是“忘记做过某事”,实际上已经做过了。类似用法的词有:remember,regret等。◎即学即用8:()Don’tforget________thelightswhenyouleavetheroom.A.turningoffB.turningonC.toturnoffD.toturnonC2.getto,arriveat/in,reach◎观察思考Whendidyougettothestationyesterday?你昨天什么时候到达火车站?HearrivedinNanninglastweek.他上个星期到南宁。PleasesendmeashortmessagewhenyoureachBeijing.当你到北京的时,请发短信给我。◎归纳拓展都意为“到达”,但区别如下:arrive+in+大地方(国家、城市等);arrive+at+小地方(村庄、车站、码头等)。getto+地点名词。reach+地点名词。注:当reach、arrive、get后接地点副词here、there、home时,不能接任何介词。◎即学即用9:(1)WhenIarrivedthestation,thetrainhadleft.(2)AssoonassheinNewYork,pleasegivemearing.(3)Heoftentohisofficetenminutesearlier.(4)HowexcitedtheywerewhentheythetopofMountainHuang!atarrivesgetsreached3.anumberof,thenumberof◎观察思考Anumberofapplesarered.许多苹果是红色的。Thenumberofstudentsis2000.学生的数量是2000人。◎归纳拓展anumberof意为“许多,大量”,等于alotof一类。后面接名词复数,谓语动词用复数。thenumberof意为“……的数量”,后面也接名词复数,谓语动词用单数。◎即学即用10:()—What________thenumberofstudentsinyourschool?—Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthem________fromEngland.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;areA4.forget,leave◎观察思考Whenwerelaxonthebeach,weoftenforgetthetime.当我们在沙滩上休闲时,我们经常忘记时间。Ileftmywatchinthelibraryyesterday.昨天我把手表忘(留)在图书馆了。◎归纳拓展forget与leave都有“遗忘”之意,但二者不能互换。forget指忘记一件具体的东西(其后没有具体的地点);忘记做某事。leave指把东西忘(落)在了某地,后应接具体的地点。即leavesth.swh.。◎即学即用11:(1)Imysciencebookinthelibraryyesterday.(2)Sorry,Iyouremailaddress,pleasetellmeagain.leftforgot5.take,by,on/in◎观察思考Heoftentakesabustoschool.Heoftengoestoschoolbybus.Heoftengoestoschoolonabus.他通常乘公交车去上学。◎归纳拓展take动词,意为“乘”。by介词,后直接跟交通工具,意为“凭借……交通工具”。on/in介词,后接交通工具,意为“在……交通工具上/里面”。相类似词有:ride骑,rideabike=bybike=onabike;drive驾驶,driveacar=bycar=inacar;walk步行=onfoot。◎即学即用12:()(1)Igotoschool________buseverymorning.(2011重庆)A.inB.onC.atD.by()(2)Mr.Zhangoften________thetraintowork,butsometimesgoes________hisworkmate’scar.A.by;inB.takes;byC.