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广东省广州市八年级英语下U4系统复习【Part18下Unit4系统复习】一.重点单词及短语Unit4中文英文中文英文n.动画片；卡通片n.段；步；步骤n.警告；警示adj.友好的；和善的；文雅的v.角色扮演adj.详细的；细致的n.符号v.显得；看来；似乎n.泡；汽泡n.演员n.心思；思想v.与......相配adj.粗略的adv.单独地；分别地n.速写；概述v.播放n.程序scoren.得分v.录制；录（音）n.队n.效果n.明星；体坛高手n.连环漫画adj.基本的；基础的（眼睛）（因激动、惊奇）张大；睁大；瞪起n.神秘决定；选定n.暴风雨n.海浪；波浪；波涛二.重点语法U4情态动词的被动语态一、情态动词1.情态动词也是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态。情态动词所表示的情态有：请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等2．情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。如：她会唱英文歌曲。ShecanssinganEnglishsong.（F）ShecansingsanEnglishsong.（F）ShecansinganEnglishsong.（T）3．有些情态动词的过去时与其原形相同，有些与原形不同。(1)与原形相同的有：must---mustoughtto---oughtto(2)与原形不同的有：can---couldwill---wouldmay---mightshall---should三、含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：肯定式：主语+can/may/must/should/+be＋动词过去分词否定式：主语+can/may/must/should+not+be+动词过去分词一般疑问句结构：Can/May/Must/Should+主语+be+动词过去分词?回答：Yes,主语+can/may/must/should.No,主语+can/may/must/should.+not.现在完成时时的被动语态：一、含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：肯定句：主语+has/havebeen+done+其他.例：Hermotorbikehasbeenstolen.她的摩托车被盗了。否定句：主语+has/have+not+been+done+其他例：Thetaskhasnotbeenfinishedyet.任务尚未完成。一般疑问句：【句型1】Hashe(she,it,单数名词)+been++done+其他?【句型2】Havewe(you,they,复数名词）+been++done+其他?例：Hasanewcomputerbeenbought?买了一台新电脑吗?HavetheybeensentabroadtostudyEnglish?他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?特殊疑问句：疑问词+have(has)+主语+been++done+其他?例：WhathasbeenboughtbyTom?汤姆已经买了什么东西?Whohavebeenhelpedbythenewcomputer?谁已经得到这种新计算机的帮助?Wherehasthecarbeenrepaired?这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?注意：1.在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。例：Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。2.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”3.只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.(正确)GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina.(错误)4.不能用被动语态的情况不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，breakout，takeplace等表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，looklike等某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：Themeatiscooking.肉正在煮着。主动形式表示被动意义。某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look，smell等。例：Herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：need，worth等。例：Thebookisworthreading.某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。例：Theconversationishardtounderstand.三.巩固练习1.单项选择1.Ithinkteenagersshould_________drive.Theyarenotseriousenough.A.beallowedtoB.notbeallowedtoC.notallowto2.Aseveryoneknows,rubbish_________everywhere.A.needbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrownD.maythrow3.--DoseshelikesingingEnglishsongs?--Yes.She_________tosingEnglishsongsinherroom.A.oftendoesB.isoftenheardC.oftenhears4.Peoplewho__________tothepartyareveryexcited.A.haveinvitedB.hasbeeninvitedC.willinviteD.havebeeninvited5.---Therewillbeafootballgametomorrow.Ourteamwill_______ateamfromAmerica.---Really?Let's______theplayers.A.decideon;tocheeronB.decideon;cheeronC.playagainst,tocheeronD.playagainst;cheeron6.---Shouldthebadones______?---Yes,_______.Theyshouldbethrownaway.A.bepickedout;theyshouldB.pickout;theyshouldn'tC.bepickedout;theycannotD.pickout;theycan7.1.Inmyopinion,TomandJerryisagreat_________.A.successB.succeedC.successfulD.successfully8.Hesaidsoloudly__________everyonecouldhearhimclearly.A.toB.forC.asD.that9.Heistrying________upwithLucy.A.tocatchB.catchC.caughtD.catches10.Sofar,theMoon_________bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited11.Theschoolbag________inthedesk.A.putsB.canbeputC.isputtingD.canput12.Theoldpeople_________wellinourcountry.A.lookafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter13.Ourlivingroommust________cleanallthetime.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep14.Mostofmyclassmatesdon’tliketotalktoteirparents,butIam____them.A.differentfromB.surprisedatC.thesameasD.proudof15.He________apieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.A.pickedupB.threwawayC.lookedforD.handedin2.语法选择Myfriend,DavidSmith,keptbirds.Onedayhephonedand1mehewouldbeawayforaweek.Heaskedmetofeedthebird2himandsaidhewouldleavehiskeyinmymailbox.13.Unfortunately,Ididnotremembertofeedthebirds3thenightbeforeDavidwasgoingtoreturn.IrushedoutofmyhouseanditwasalreadydarkwhenIarrivedat4house.Isoonfoundthekeyhegavemecouldunlockneitherthefrontdoor5thebackdoor!Ikept6ofwhatDavidwouldsaywhencameback.ThenInoticed7onebedroomwindowwasopen.Ifoundabigtoneandpusheditunderthewindow8thestonewasveryheavy.Iofniose.Butintheend,Imanagedtoclimbup.IhadoneleginsidethebedroomwhenIsuddenlyrealizedthatsomeone9atorch(电筒)upatme.Ilookeddownandsaw10policemanandanoldlady,oneofDavid’sneighbours.“Whatareyoudoingupthere?”Saidthepoliceman.Feelinglikeafool,Ireplied,“IwasjustgoingtofeedMr.Smith’sbirds.”1.A.tellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold2.A.withB.toC.forD.at3.A.untilB.beforeC.asD.since4.A.herB.hisC.theirD.Our5.A.andB.butC.orD.nor6.A.othinkB.thinkC.thinkingD.thought7.A.howB.thatC.whatD.why8.A.IfB.BecauseC.WhenD.Whether9.A.isshinningB.wasshoneC.shinesD.wasshining10.A.aB.theC.anD./3.单词拼写1JackieChanisafamousmoviea.2.Withnow,hewasfiredfromhisjob.1.Inyesterday'sfootballmatchwestwice.2.Afewminuteslateraheavysbroke.3.Manyyoungchildrenenjoywatchingc.4.Idon'tthinkhisjacketmhisnewtrousers.5.MyfriendLinda'sgrandparentsliveinasmalli.4.完成句子1你决定好度假的地点了吗？Haveyou_______________theplacetospendyourholiday?2.本周六我们班足球队将和三班的足