卓越英语语法复习课件：宾语从句

初三语法复习课件英语卓越宾语从句TheObjectClause1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾语从句引导词从句主语从句谓语主句（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主句+引导词（连词）+宾语从句一、引导词（连词）1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句）,连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.Hesays(that)Tomisagoodstudent.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.注意:当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.如:Idon’tknowwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），if/whether翻译为：“是否”，具有一定的意义，不能省略。1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomehereearly?”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif/whetherIoftencamehereearly.Heaskedif/whethertheywouldgovisittheGreatWall.3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由原特殊疑问词引导，因为特殊疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.从句的句式引导词陈述句that一般疑问句if(whether)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词祈使句肯定句to+动词原形否定句notto+动词原形Hesaidtome,“Openthedoor,please!”Heasked/toldmetoopenthedoor.二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态(包括：一般现在时，现在进行时,现在完成时）,从句的时态一般保持不变。hewillaskJimaquestion.Iamagoodfriend.Hesaysheisn’tfeelingwellnow.hecamebacklastnight.hehasbeenheretwicebefore.2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要一致。Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时注意：当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、定理时，用一般现在时。1.Theteachersaidthatthesungoes/travelsaroundtheearth.2.Theteachersaidthesunrisesfromtheeastandsetsinthewest.3.Theteachersaidthelighttravels/runsfasterthanthesound.4.TheteachersaidJapanisintheeastofAsia.三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：主句+引导词+主语+谓语+其他1.陈述句——基本不变Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.Hesays(that)Tomisagoodstudent.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent.”2.问句——还原为陈述语序1)be动词、情态动词及助动词(包括have/has)放到从句主语之后;2)助动词do/does/did应删去,谓语动词根据实际情况而变。1.WhoisJimwaitingfor?Iknow2.CanLilycarrythebasket?Iknow3.WheredidAnnagoyesterday?IknowJimiswaitingfor.Lilycancarrythebasket.Annawentthedaybefore.whowhether/ifwhere1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?They’renotsureif/whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer.They’renotsureif/whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)Mr.SmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday’sclass.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday’sclass.1．could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?2.如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用if.Couldyoutellmewhetherthat’safasttrainornot?Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?Idon’tcarewhetherhe’llstayhereornot.主句从句一般将来时态一般现在时态祈使句含有情态动词1).Doyouknowif______backnextweek?Ifhe______back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome3.连词if和when在不同从句中的区别：C2).Idon’tknowwhenhe_________(come).Ican’twaithereanymore.Whenhe_______(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?willcomecomesif如果,假如when当…时if是否when何时不影响句子时态4.连词+宾语从句连词+todoIdon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Shedidn’tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidn’tdecidewhichonetochoose.Pleasetellmewhomyou’llgivetheletterto.Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.1.Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC5.Iwonder_______heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_______shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD1.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_______nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch________toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow______.A.wha