Unit2RobotsThekeystotheex.11.pleasure,tried2.pity3.goaway4.wish5.digital6.lookedat7.ridiculous8.statedsatisfaction,testedoutsympathyleave…alonedesirering…upscannedabsurddeclaredCheckinganswer–I(2m)Thekeystoex.2:1.scan2.favour3.cushions/beddings4.beddings/cushions5.clerks6.awful7.turnaround8.alarms9.declaringCheckinganswer–II(5m)Grammar-----Passiveinfinitive一.复习被动语态(RevisethePassiveVoice)英语动词有主动语态(theactivevoice)和被动语态(thepassivevoice)两种形式.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被语态表示主语是动作的承受者.如:Everyoneenjoysexcitingsports.(主动语态)Excitingsportsareenjoyedbyeveryone.(被动语态)转换规则:用公式表示为:(主动)S+V+OS(O)+V(be+V-ed)+by+O(S),如:MissLiisteachingmusicnow.Musicisbeingtaught(byMissLi)now.一般进行完成现在am/is/aregiven过去was/weregiven将来shall/willbegiven时式二.常见主被动时态变化一览表am/is/arebeinggivenhas/havebeengivenwas/werebeinggivenhadbeengivenshall/willhavebeengivenRevision:Fillintheblanksusingtherightformsoftheverbs.1.Itwasgoing_________(test)byClaire.2.Clairethoughtitwasridiculous_________(offer)sympathybyarobot.3.Howawful_________(discover)byher.4.Timrefused__________(accompany)byhisfatherwhenhewentforahaircut.tobetestedouttobeofferedtobediscoveredtobeaccompanied不定式语法不定式的时态和语态不定式有时态和语态的变化,时态共四种,即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态,如下表所示。语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing无被动语态完成进行式tohavebeendoing无被动语态当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的执行者时用主动语态;当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表达的动作的承受者时用被动语态。进行式和完成进行式没有被动语态。一、不定式的被动形式有下列用法1.作主语:Itisanhonourformetobeaskedtospeakhere.2.作宾语:SheaskedtobesenttoworkinXinjiang.一当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要采用被动形式。.3.作表语:Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoagooduniversity.4.作定语:Areyougoingtothemeetingtobeheldintheteachers’office?5.作状语:Shewastooyoungtobeassignedsuchwork.二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式,在句中作主语、宾语、定语、表语,如:Itisagoodthingforhimtohavebeencriticized.(主语)他受到批评是件好事。Shepreferredtohavebeengivenheavierworktodo.(宾语)她宁愿分给她的是更重要的工作。Heisnotlikelytohavebeennotifiedaboutit.(表语)这事多半还没有通知他。Shewasthefirstwomantohavebeenelectedtosuchapost.(定语)她是第一位当选这个位置的妇女。三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1.在therebe结构中用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式,也可以用主动形式。例如:Thereisalotofhomeworktodo.(也可用tobedone)Thereisnotimetolose(tobelost).三、不定式的主动形式表示被动2.在“n/pron+be+adj+todo”结构中。常用的形容词有easy,difficult,hard,impossible,nice,pleasant,light,heavy,interesting,important,expensive,cheap,fit,dangerous等。例如:Heishardtoconvince.Heisanimpossiblepersontoworkwith.三、不定式的主动形式表示被动3.在“too...todo;enough…to…”结构中。如:Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout(tobeworkedout).Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein..三、不定式的主动形式表示被动4.在“with+n+todo”结构中。例如:Withnothingtodo,helayinbed.Withsomanyexercisestodo,Ican‘tgotothecinema..三、不定式的主动形式表示被动5.当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。例如:Ihavealettertotypetoday.(I是totype的逻辑主语)Doyouhaveanythingtosay?(you是tosay的逻辑主语).三、不定式的主动形式表示被动6.当不定式隐含在forsbtodo结构中时。例如:Thisisthebestbooktoread(=forus/youtoread).Theimportantthingtodoistolockthedoorwhenweleavethehouse..三、不定式的主动形式表示被动7.一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有rent,hire,blame等。例如:Thehouseistorent.Ifeltlwastoblame..NOTICE动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍,有时(尤其在口语中)虽然意思上是被动的,也往往用主动语态形式来表示。Ihavethreemotorstorepairtoday.Thetaskisdifficulttofinishontime.AnswerkeyforExercise2onpage14:1.tobedesigned2.toberebuilt3.tobeaccompanied4.tobeknownas5.tobefilledwith6.tobetestedout7.tobeenvied8.tobesetasidewerelistedbedividedbeorganizedtobeaccompaniedwereconnectedbesurroundedwasattachedAnswerkeyforExercise3onpage14:RulesforpolitebehaviourinChina.1.Itisimpolitetoleavebeforeelderlypeopleinpublic.2.Tointerruptyourparents’conversationisconsideredrude.3.Itispoliteforyoutostandupwhenyouaretalkingtoanolderperson.AnswerkeyforExercise4onpage14:AssignmentGooverkeywordsandexpressions.Gooverthegrammar.Doex.3onPage56.