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状语从句1.时间状语从句（1）WhenWhileAs当…WhenIwilltellheraboutitwhenIseeher.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.Iwillgohomewhenhecomesback.When---当……时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。When---正在……的时候，突然…。通常主句是bedoing或beaboutto或hadjustdoneWhen也可以表示先后关系When也可以表示先后关系When也可以表示先后关系Irecognizedthethiefwhen/asIpassedhim.Whenhefinishedhislecture,peoplestoodupandapplauded.IwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIcameacrossanoldfriend.Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitbegantorain.Hehadjustfinishedtheworkwhenthedoorbellrang.Wewereonthepointofdrivingawaywhenthepolicemansignedustostop.意思为既然或考虑到(原因状语从句)Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthere.Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision?Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouhavegotsuchagoodone?Thereisnopoint（in）owningacarwhenwehavesogoodapublictransportsystem.Whyusemetalwhenyoucanuseplastic?Howcanhegetthepromotionwhenhisbossdislikeshim?whileWhile---在……期间，往往指一段时间。WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.While表示两相对比。While表示让步“尽管”。WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.AsAs---一边……一边,随着,Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.Astimegoesby,….Justas时间状语从句（2）Not…until…SinceAssoonas(immediately,directly)Themoment/theminuteHardly…when/Nosooner…thanEverytime/eachtime直到…才…自从一…就一…就每次，每当一…就1.我什么都不会说，直到你让我说。2.直到他回来，我们才开始工作。Iwon’tsayanythinguntilyoutellmeto.Wedidn’tstarttheworkuntilhecameback.not…until句型中强调和倒装：Itwasnotuntilhecamebackthatwestartedthework.Notuntilhecamebackdidwestartthework.3.他们一看到这张照片，就笑翻了。Theylaughedassoonastheysawthepicture.Theylaughedthemomenttheysawthepicture.4.我刚一到家就开始下雨了。HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.5.他刚一上去车就发动了。Hardlyhadhegotonitwhenthebusstarted.Nosoonerhadhegotonitthanthebusstarted.6.每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。EverytimeIlistentomusic,I’llthinkofit.时间状语从句（3）beforeItwillbe+一段时间+before从句(does)要过……才能做Itwillnotbe+一段时间+before从句要不了……就能做Itwas+一段时间+before从句(did)过了……做了……Itwasnot+一段时间+before从句(did)没过……做了……我五年后才能回来。ItwillbefiveyearsbeforeIcameback.用不了多久他们就会互相了解了。Itwillnotbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.五天后他才回来的。Itwasfivedaysbeforehecameback.不久后敌人就被赶走了。Itwasnotlongbeforetheenemywasdrivenoutoftheircountry.不久我们就动身去北方了。Itwasnotlongbeforeweleftforthenorth.再过一年你就毕业了。Itwillbeayearbeforeyougraduate.用不了多久我们就会知道实验的结果了。Itwillnotbelongbeforeweknowtheresultoftheexperiment.过了一段时间他们才意识到事情的真相。Itwassometimebeforetheyrealizedthetruth.Timepassedquicklyandthreemonthswentbybeforesheknewit.时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月.Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及接电话就挂了。Themostdestructivenaturaldisaster,tsunami,cameunexpectedlybeforethetouristscouldleavethecoast.since自从…以来，一般主句用完成式或完成进行时：IhaveneverseenhimsinceIgraduated.I’vebeenlearningEnglishsinceGradeThreeinprimaryschool.I’vebeenfeelingdownsinceIlostmyjob.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since…did:(did为短暂动词)自从…以来已经多久了;(did为持续动词)不…以来已经多久了Ithasbeentwentydayssincethewarbrokeout.Itistenyearssincehelivedhere.Itisthreeyearssincehesmoked.他不吸烟有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehebegantosmoke.他吸烟有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehewasasoldier.他退役有三年了。ItisyearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.好多年没玩的这么痛快了。注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：I’lltelephoneyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到达那里就打电话给你。Shesaidshewouldphonemeassoonasshegotthere.她说她一到达那里就给我电话。Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.等车停稳后才下车。2.条件状语从句ifunlessaslongasincase如果除非只要万一从句中用一般现在时代替将来时1._____weatherpermits,wewillgototheparktomorrow.2.You’dbettertakeanumbrella_______itrains.3.Isleepwiththewindowopen_______it’sreallycold.4.________youlistentome,I'llgivewhateveryouwant.IfincaseunlessAslongasIf/unless/aslongas/incaseYouwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier(ifyoudon’tstartearlier).如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。We’llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.我们可以让你使用这个房间，条件是你把它保持整洁。Supposinghedoesnotcome,shallwegowithouthim?如果他不来，是不是不带他去?Hewilldotheworkprovidingyoupayhim.如果你能付费，他可以做这工作。3.原因状语从句BecauseSinceAsBecause表示直接的因果关系，常放主句后.回答Why问句、强调原因或有partly,not修饰时,只能用because.Since,as表示众所周知的原因，常放于主句前，译成“既然”.Since语气比as强。IlearnEnglishpartly______Ilikeit.______everyoneishere,let’sbeginthemeeting.Itis________heishonestthathegetsthejob.becauseSincebecauseSeeingthatyou’realreadyatthedoor,IsupposeImustinviteyouinside.鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。Consideringhe’sonlyjuststarted,heknowsquitealotaboutit.考虑到他只是刚刚开始,他对此的了解已经不少了。Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。Since/Nowthatyou'renotinterested,Iwon'ttellyouaboutit.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。注意：1.considering和given还可用介词。如：Consideringhisage,thelittleboyreadsverywell.就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。Givenherinterestinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。2.表示“因为”的连词不能与表示“所以”的so连用。如：因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。误：Becausehewasill,sohedidn’tattendthemeeting.正：Hedidn’tattendthemeetingbecausehewasill.正：Hewasillsohedidn’tattendthemeeting.Hefo