考研英语常考语法难点讲义

考研英语常考语法难点讲义南京跨考2013仇永香第一讲While的用法（1）基本词性词义n.一会儿，一段时间，waitforawhileV.消磨（时光），轻松度过，whileawayHewhiledawaythewholeafternoonsurfingtheinternet.Conj.当…的时候wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.Iwilltakecareofthebabywhileyouareaway.而，然而，表对比。做并列连词Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersstillsufferstarvation.Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome,whiletheparentswereworkinginthefield.Ilikethebananawhilehelikespineapple.(2)重点词义Conj.虽然…但是…，尽管…但是…多放于句首,引导让步状语从句Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.Whiletheseexperimentsareinterestinganduseful,itisimportanttorememberthattheymaynotalwaystellusmuch.只要，引导条件状语从句Whilethereislifethereishope.Whilethereisawillthereisaway.(3)真题链接OneItalianexamplewouldbetheBerluconigroup,whileabroadMaxwellandMurdochcometomind.（05年翻译）Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatly,thereisanunduerelianceamongstmanyjournalistsoninterpretationsuppliedtothembylawyers.4.联想记忆：(1)While与when的区分when后面引导的从句，谓语动词可以是延续性动词也可为短暂性动词，且可做并列连词，表示：“这时…”但是在接下来几种情况下，只能用when.A:beaboutto…when…正打算…这时(发生了另外一件事)B：was/weredoing…when…正在..这时（发生了另外一件事）C：haddone…when…刚要做…这时（发生了另外一件事）eg.Whenwewereabouttosetoutwhenitbegantorain.Hehadhardlysatdownwhenhismobilephonerang.While后面引导的谓语动词必须为延续性动词，强调主从句的两个动词同时发生；Thebabyfellasleepinthesofawhilehismotherwascookinginthekitchen.(2)While表示“然而时”,与but的区分Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.IoughttohavehelpedherbutInevercould.While作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。而but表转折。注意用心比较体会while与but的句中用意.5.Writingtips:•…somepeople/studentsprefersthwhileotherswouldratherdo…•Therearemanyreasonsforthis:firstofall,parentstendtobeconservativeandsatisfiedwithwhattheyhave,whilechildrenarealwayskeentoexperiencesomethingnew,andarequicktoadoptnewfashionandwaysofthinking.Parents,becausetheyhaveabetterunderstandingofthedangersinsociety,criticizetheiryoungsters’behaviorandarereluctanttoletthemhavetheirownway.•94单选1.BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we___inEuropefortwoweeks.A.shallstayB.havestayedC.willhavestayedD.havebeenstaying2.Iappreciated____theopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.A.havingbeengivenB.havinggivenC.tohavebeengivenD.tohavegiven3.LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,____obtainingwaterisnottheleast.A.ofwhichB.forwhatC.asD.whose4.Theheartis___intelligentthanthestomach,fortheyarebothcontrolledbythebrain.A.notsoB.notmuchC.muchmoreD.nomore5.____thefactthathisinitialexperimentshadfailed,Prof.Whitepersistedinhisresearch.A.BecauseofB.AstoC.InspiteofD.Inviewof6.JeanWagner'smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit____inreligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.A.istobeanalyzedB.hasbeenanalyzedC.beanalyzedD.shouldhavebeenanalyzed7.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,____allpracticalvaluebythetimetheyfinished.A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightloseD.oughttohavelost8.Nobreadeatensweetas_____earnedbyhisownlabor.A.oneB.thatC.suchD.what9.Itisn'tcoldenoughforthere___afrosttonight,soIcanleaveJim'scaroutquitesafely.A.wouldbeB.beingC.wasD.tobe10.ScientistsgenerallyagreethattheEarth'sclimatewillwarmupoverthenext50to100years____ithaswarmedinthe20,000yearssincetheIceAge.A.aslongasB.asmuchasC.assoonasD.aswellas11.Pleasedonotbe___byhisbadmannerssinceheismerelytryingtoattractattention.A.disregardedB.distortedC.irritatedD.intervened12.Craigassuredhisbossthathewould___allhisenergiesindoingthisnewjob.A.callforthB.callatC.callonD.calloff13.Toomuch___toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure14.Whenconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes____,andIcanhardlyremembermyowndateofbirth.A.dimB.blankC.faintD.vain15.Itiswellknownthatknowledgeisthe____conditionforexpansionofmind.A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable16.MorethantwohundredyearsagotheUnitedStates____fromtheBritishEmpireandbecomeanindependentcountry.A.gotoffB.pulleddownC.brokeawayD.attachedto17.Careshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneis____loudcontinuousnoise.A.subjectedtoB.filledwithC.associatedwithD.droppedoff18.Someofthemostimportantconceptsinphysics____theirsuccesstothesemathematicalsystems.A.obligeB.oweC.contributeD.attribute19.Asyourinstructoradvised,yououghttospendyourtimeonsomething____researchinginto.A.preciousB.worthC.worthyD.valuable20.Asadefenseagainstair-pollutiondamage,manyplantsandanimals____asubstancetoabsorbharmfulchemicals.A.relieveB.releaseC.dismissD.discard21.Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewould___beabletowalk.A.innotimeB.byallmeansC.innowayD.onanyaccount22.Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping____togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.A.occasionallyB.simultaneouslyC.eventuallyD.promptly23.OnereasonforthesuccessesofAsianimmigrantsintheU.S.isthattheyhavetakengreat______toeducatetheirchildren.A.effortsB.painsC.attemptsD.endeavors24.Ifanymanheredoesnotagreewithme,heshould____hisownplanforimprovingthelivingconditionsofthesepeople.A.putonB.putoutC.putinD.putforward25.Isupportyourdecision,butIshouldalsomakeitclearthatIamnotgoingtobe____toit.A.connectedB.fastenedC.boundD.stuck26.TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)___ofwordswhicharecomparativeseldomusedinordinary