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2016年中考英语二轮专题训练阅读理解专题★方法指导I、复习迎考策略：一、养成良好阅读心态阅读时过于紧张、思想开小差等消极因素会妨碍大脑的正常思维，而保持心绪安定，精神专一等良好的阅读习惯则能大大提高大脑的思维。良好的阅读习惯来自于良好的阅读心态。因此，从现在开始，注意在平时的阅读理解训练中保持一种好的阅读心态，精力应集中，心态要平和，在碰到生词难句时不能心烦意乱，要保持一种良好的心绪，这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，思想深刻，才能更好地把握住文章的脉络。二、注重提高阅读的速度中考英语阅读理解共由4篇文章组成，从某种程度上说，阅读理解考的也是阅读速度，要学会快速浏览，能快速找出文章的关键词句和主旨。因此要注重培养自己快速阅读的习惯，扩大眼睛阅读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一种较快速度的线式阅读;在碰到生词或难懂的句子时不能浪费时间，可以先行越过，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测、推断。三、注意阅读技巧训练可以通过反复精做一篇阅读，直到全对，不断总结、调整和强化获取表层信息及内在信息或猜测、推理、判断、概括的能力;还要善于找关键句，在很多文章里第一段和每段的第一句往往是关键句，可以帮助同学们理解整个文章的主题或某一段的概括。在阅读中，要注意抓住中心思想(Mainidea)，以及文中出现的who、where、when、what及why等关键词。四、要坚持每天阅读每天读两至三篇题材各样的小短文。要多练习富有代表性、典型性的体裁和题材的阅读文章，如记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文，幽默故事、新闻广告、文体娱乐、科普常识、文化习俗，多关注社会热点、新闻时事和身边的话题。将坚持阅读的习惯保持到考前的最后一天。五、可采取限时阅读的方法采用限时阅读，即在一定时间内读完文章及做完相关的习题。同学们对于不同的阅读材料，要采用不同的阅读方法以及阅读的速度。着重培养对阅读材料进行分析、推理和判断的能力以及对阅读内容给予评价的能力。II、阅读理解具体考查的内容：1、理解具体信息2、推测生词词义3、理解概念性含义4、判断、推理和引申5、理解主旨要义6、理解结构，句段关系7、理解作者意图III、考试类型：(一)、细节理解(二)、推理判断(三)、词义猜测(四)、主旨归纳IV、解题步骤：一、快速阅读，读懂大意二、明确要求，逐一解答三、重读问题，理解问题四、带着问题，重读文章★习题精练一SouthofFlorida,manyislandsdot(点缀着)theocean.OneofthemisHispaniola.ItsnamepointstothefactthatChristopherColumbusvisitedtheislandin1492.Asaresult,Spainruledtheislandforthenext300years.Twonationsnowsharetheisland.Haitimakesup(占据)thewesternone-third.TheDominicanRepublicmakesuptheeasterntwo-thirds.TheDominicanRepublic'sareaisabout18,000squaremileswiththepopulationof8million.Mostpeopleliveclosetotheisland'scoast.Likemanyothertropicalislands,theDominicanRepublicregardstourismasakeyindustry.Thecoastalcities,especially,dependontouriststofilltheirhotelsandrestaurants.ThenaturalbeautyofthebeachesandoftheforestsdrawDominicansandtouristsalike.Whenyou'rereadyforsomethingelse,walkintotown.Music,dancing,andpeopleinColourfulmasks(面具)willgreetyouatnearlyeverystreetcorner.Whetheryougotojointhemorgetawayfromthem,therewillbeaplaceforyouintheDominicanRepublic.1.WhathappenedtoHispaniolaafterChristopherColumbusvisitedtherein1492?A.Spainruledtheislandfor300years.B.Twonationssharedtheisland.C.TheDominicanRepublicjoinedtheislandD.ThenameofHaitibegantouse.2.TheDominicanRepublicisfamousforA.hotelsB.restaurantsC.tourismD.forests3.ThelastparagraphseemstotellusthatpeopleintheDominicanRepublicare_____.A.colourfulB.friendlyC.busyD.brave4.Thereadingaboveisprobablytakenfrom_________.A.asciencebookB.astorybookC.ageographybookD.apicturebook【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C二Doyousleepwell?Ifyouranswerisno,thefollowingmighthelpyou.SetacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeAcertainbedtimeandrisingtimecanhelpyoubuildupyourbodyclocks.Setabedtimewhichisgoodandnaturalforyou.Don’tchangeyourbedtimeandrisingtimeonweekends.AvoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleepingExcitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning.Atthesametime,ifyoumaketomorrow’splanorreadanexcitingstorybeforeturningoffthelight,itdoesn’tgiveyouenoughtimetorelaxbeforeyoutrytosleep.KeepthebedroomforsleepingonlyIt’sabadhabitforyoutouseyourbedroomasaplacetoeat,watchTV,read,talkonthephone,ordiscussimportantmatterswithyourfamilymembers.Breakthathabittogetbettersleep.Don’tgotobedtooearlyYourbodyusuallyletsyousleeponlythenumberofhoursitneeds.Youshoulddecidehowmanyhoursyoumustsleepinordernottoexperiencedaytimesleepiness.TakeawarmshowerbeforeyourbedtimeAtwenty-minutewarmshoweratatemperatureofabout45–50notonlyisagreatrelaxatday’send,butalsoraisesyourbodytemperaturebyseveraldegrees.Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymakeyoufeelsleepy.1.Ifyouwanttobuildupyourbodyclocks,youshould______.A.setacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeB.gotobedneithertooearlynortoolateC.keepthebedroomforsleepingonlyD.takeawarmshowerbeforesleeping2.Whyshouldyouavoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleeping?A.BecausetheywillgetyourthoughtsrunningB.Becauseyouhavetomaketomorrow’spalnC.BecauseyoushouldreadanexcitingstoryD.Becauseyouwillhavetoturnoffthelight.3.Yourbedroomshouldbekeptfor______only.A.talkingB.eatingC.readingD.sleeping4.Accordingtothepassage,______willmakeyoufeelsleepy.A.takingacoldshowerB.yourbodytemperaturedroppingC.yourdailyexperienceD.raisingyourbodytemperature【答案】1.A2.A3.D4.B三ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(铅)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatd