浅析影响中美关系的因素

攀枝花学院外国语学院学生毕业论文题目：浅析影响中美关系的因素指导教师：袁彬学生姓名：冷雪辉年级专业：2001级英语本科2005年5月30日ElementaryAnalysisonSino-USBilateralRelationsLengXuehuiUndertheSupervisionofYuanBinSchoolofForeignLanguagesandCulturesPanzhihuaUniversityMay2005ContentsAbstract……………………………………………………………………………ⅠKeyWords…………...…………………………………………………………….Ⅰ摘要………………….…………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ关键词……………….…………………………………………………………………………ⅡPreface……………………………………………………………………………...1Ⅰ.TheRootCausesAffectingSino-USRelations…………………………………3A.TheRootCauses……………………………………...………………………3B.TheTranscendenceoftheDifferences…………………………….………….5Ⅱ.MainProblemsinSino-USRelations…………………………………………..6A.BilateralTrade………………………………………………………………...6B.TaiwanIssue…………………………………………………………………..8C.HumanRightsProblems…………………………………...……………….…9Ⅲ.TheFutureofSino-USRelations…………………………………………….....11Conclusion……………………………………………………………...………...…14Acknowledgement…………………………………………………...…………...…15Note………………………………………………………………………………....16Bibliography…………………………………………………………...………...….16AbstractSino-USrelationsisthemostimportantbilateralrelationsintheworld.Itconnectstheworld’smostpopulouscountrywiththeonlySuperPower.Mostimportantly,thedevelopmentofthisrelationscannotonlyeffectonthebenefitsofthetwonationsbutalsoplayapositiveroleofthestabilityofAsian-Pacificareaandtheworldpeace.Nowadays,Sino-USrelationsiscomplexandvolatile.Therootcausesarethedifferentsocialsystemandideology.Differentsocialsystemsandideologymakethetwonationsnorealpartners.Lackofcommunicationalsodeepenstheculturalmisunderstanding.Bothofthetwocountriesshouldpursuethecommoninterestandsettlethedifference.Intheprocessofbilateralcommunicationandexchangestherearesomeproblemsoftenprovoketensions,suchasbilateraltrade,TaiwanIssue,Intellectualpropertyrightsprotectionandhumanrights.ThoughSino-Usbilateralrelationsfacesmanyproblems,therearestillmanyelementsthatplayapositiverole.ThefutureofSino-USbilateralrelationswillbeabrightone.Afterthetimeofturbulencein70sand80sSino-USrelationscomestoarelativelystableperiod.Today,ChinaandtheUSsharemoreandmorecommoninterestsinanti-terrorism,environmentalprotection,anti-nuclearproliferation,preservingpeaceinAsian-Pacificregionandsoon.ChinaandtheUScantranscendthemainproblemsofbilateralrelationsifbothofthemadopttherightpolicies.KeywordsDifferentsocialsystems；ideology；trade；TaiwanIssue；humanrights；commoninterests摘要中美关系是全球最重要的双边关系之一，它将中国这一个世界上人口最多的国家和世界上唯一的超级大国——美国联系在一起。更重要的是中美关系的发展不仅有利于保护两国人民的切身利益而且在维护世界和平和亚太地区和平稳定等方面扮演了重要的角色。一直以来，中美关系复杂多变。其根本原因在于两国在政治体制和意识形态上的巨大差异。这种差异决定了两国不可能成为真正的伙伴，而沟通与交流的贫乏导致了对两国文化的误读，从而使美国人民对于中国的刻板印象得不到根本的改善。在实际的双边交往过程中台湾问题、人权问题、双边贸易、知识产权等双边关系主要问题时常引起争端，制造紧张局势。虽然中美关系面临许多困难，但仍有许多积极因素促使双边关系和谐发展。只要中美两国采取适当的政策，一定能对双边问题做妥善解决。经过了七八十年代的动荡时期，中美关系进入了一个相对稳定的阶段。如今，中美两国在反恐、环境保护、防核扩散、以及维护亚太地区和平与稳定等方面享有越来越多的共同利益。中美关系的发展的道路布满鲜花与荆棘。中美关系的未来将在曲折中不断发展。关键词政治制度和意识形态的差异；双边贸易；台湾问题；人权问题；共同利益PrefaceSino-USrelationsisthemostimportantbilateralrelationsintheworld.Itconnectstheworld’smostpopulouscountrywiththeworld’sonlySuperPower.Mostimportantly,thedevelopmentofthisrelationscannotonlyaffectpeople’sbenefitsofthetwocountries,butalsoplayacriticalroleinthestabilityofAsian-PacificAreaandthemaintenanceoftheworldpeace.ThehistoryofSino-USbilateralrelationsinthepast30yearscanbedividedintothreeperiods.Thefirstoneisfrom1972to1979.DuringthisperiodtheUSlookedhighlyatthestrategicpositionofChinaintheirdiplomaticpolicyduringandafter70s,becauseofthethreatofSovietUnion.In1972thesignofthe“Jointcommuniqué”pavedthewayofSino-USrelations.However,thenormalizationofSino-USrelationswassloweddownbytheUS’shesitationandintentionoflingeringontheTaiwanIssue,andSino-USrelationscameintoadeadlock.Thesecondperiodgoesfrom1979to1989.DuringthisperiodoftimeChinaandtheUStranscendedmanydifficultiesandturnedupanewpageofbilateralrelations.AftertheUSacceptedthethreeprinciples,whichwasraisedbyDengXiaopingonApril24th1977,ChinasetupaformaldiplomaticrelationswiththeUSin1979.Thethirdperiodisfrom1979uptillnow,duringwhichmanychangesandturbulencetookplacedintheinternationalcommunity,suchastheendingoftheColdWar.TheinternalconditionoftheUSwasalsovolatileandtheSino-USrelationswaschallenged.YinheIssue，LiDenghui’sVisittoUS，MFNDispute，Yugoslav’sIssue，AircraftIssuemakethebilateralrelationsunpredictableandchangeable.Atthesametimetheskyrocketingbilateraltradeandthedailyincreasingbilateralpersonnelexchangesplayapositiverole.ThemaintaskofSino-UScooperationchangesfromnationalsecurityandanti-hegemonismtoamorecomplicatedonewhichincludestrade,regionalsecurity,environmentalprotection,exchangeofscienceandtechnologyandsoon.Thehistoryhasshownusthatthe30-year-longrealpeaceofAsia-PacificArea,thesoaringoftheAsianfourdragons(Korea,HongKong,SingaporeandMalaysia)andtheriseofChinain90ssharethesameprerequisite–thewell-developedbilateralrelationsofChinaandtheUS.NowChinaandtheUSsharethesameinterestandwilldomoreinpreservingstabilityofAsia–PacificArea,helpingthedailywork,increasingSino-USbilateraltrade,andpromotingenvironmentalprotection.ThoughChinacannotmatchUSinnationaleconomicandmilitarystrengthandtherearestillsomeconflictsanddissen