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高中英语必修三考点一情态动词（unit1，unit2）一、情态动词的特点:1.没有人称和数的变化。2.有些情态动词有过去式的变化:e.g.will→would,can→could,may→might,dare→dared二、情态动词的否定式:情态动词+not+动词原形cannot:can't,mustnot:mustn't,neednot:needn't三、情态动词的用法及相互区别,是考试的内容之一1.can,beabletobeableto表示经过努力后,能够做到;beableto有多种形式的变化。can1).表示体力或脑力方面的能力;2).表示允许、可能性。could是can的过去式,表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性;用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。1)Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout.(NMET97)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto2)-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,__.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.(NMET99)A.Imustn'tB.Ican'tC.Ineedn'tD.Iwon't2.may表示询问或说明一件事可不可做;表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式;用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。1)-MayItakethisbookoutofthereading-room?-No,youmustn't.(Yes,youmay.)2)-MightImakeasuggestion?-Yes,youmay.3.must1).表示必须要做的事:必须2)表示很有把握的推断:一定,准是。have(has)to:have(has)gotto必须,不得不。过去式:hadto3)-MustIgettothestationbeforethreeo'clock?-Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn't.)4)I'mafraidyouwillhavetowaitawhile.5)Shemustbeintheclassroomnow.6)Mary____beinParis,Isawherintownonlyafewminutesago.(NMET94)A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.maynot4.shall1)在疑问句中,用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。2)用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺等概念。1)-ShallIplaceanorderwithyounow?-No,youneedn’t.-Shallheturndowntheradioabit?-Yes,please.(No,pleasedon't.)2)YoushallhavetheEnglishbookassoonasIfinishit.3)Everythingthatheownsshallbetakenawayfromhim.4)Yourbrotherseldomcomestoseeyou,____?A.doesheB.doesn'theC.willheD.isn'the5)It'safineday.Let'sgofishing,____?A.won'tweB.willweC.don'tweD.shallwe5.should应该;应当1)Youshouldlistentothedoctor'sadvice.2)Youshouldstudythearticlecarefully.6.will,would1)在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问。用would语气更加婉转。2)will表示现在的习惯性动作或状态;would表示过去的习惯性动作或状态。3)will用于各种人称,表示意志、意愿、决心、允诺;would表示过去时间的意志、意愿、......。(1)Don'tsmokeinthemeetingroom,___you?A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyou-Willyoucomewithme?-Yes,Iwill.(Iamsorry,Ican't.)(2)-Wouldyoutellussomethingaboutyourself?-Yes,Iwill.(3)-It'smybirthdaytomorrow.Don'tforgettocometomyparty.-_____.A.Idon'tB.Iwon'tC.Ican'tD.Ihaven'7.oughtto应该;应当1)Yououghtn'ttosmoketoomuch.2)She____forwhatshehasdone.A.oughttopraiseB.oughtbepraisedC.oughttohavepraisedD.oughttobepraise8.dare1.daretocome2.darecome1)Hedarenottellthetruth.2)Hedoesn'tdaretocomeoutatnight.3)Idon'tknowwhetherhe____try.A.dareB.needsC.wantsD.isallowed9.need1).作为情态动词:必须2).作为实义动词:需要A.主语是人need(todosomething;tobedonebysomebody)B.主语是事物need(doing;tobedone)1)-Dotheyneedtotakeanybookswiththem?-No,theydon'tneedto.2)-Needwebuyanynewequipment?-No,weneedn't.3)Thisfarmtoolneedsrepairing.Thisfarmtoolneedstoberepaired.4)-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you___.I'vetoldhimalready.A.needn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't5)It'safineday.You____takearaincoatwithyou.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynot情态动词+不定式的完成式是高考的考试要点1、musthavedone,“一定做过/一定已经．．．”，表示对过去情况极大把握地推测，仅用于肯定句2、may/mighthavedone也许做过某事（推测）；本来可以做某事却没做3、can'thavedone为否定句或疑问句,对过去的推测“不可能，一定没做过某事”couldhavedone本来可以做某事却没做4.needn’thavedone表示”不必要做某事，但做了”，而needn’tdo则表示”不必做(也没做)”5.、oughtto/shouldhavedone表示”本来应当做的却没做”oughtn’t/shouldn’thavedone本来不应该做某事却做了6、would/could/might/should+havedone用来表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气7、wouldratherhavedone表示”当时宁愿做了某事”，否定形式：wouldrathernothavedonee.g.IfIhadbeenfreethatday,Iwouldhavegonewithyou.8、wouldlike/lovetohavedone表示”本想做某事”而实际上未做。考点二名词性从句（unit3，unit4）高考高频考点主语从句名词性从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句考点1主语从句从属连词(不作成分）that,whether连接代词（作成分）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+ever连接副词（作状语）when,where,how,why1．连接词that，whether引导①ThatthecollegewiUtakeinmorenewstudentsthisyearistrue．今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。②Whetherhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance．他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。特别提示(1)if不能引导主语从句。(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：A．It+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure．注:在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....”中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.B．It+系动词+名词+that从句。如：Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace．我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。注:在Itisdemanded/suggested/ordered/required….that-clause句型中从句用(should)+动词原型Itisdemandedthatweshouldworkoutaplan.C．It+be+v．ed形式+that从句。如：Itisannouncedthattheplanhasbeensuccessfullycarriedout．据宣布计划已经顺利实施。注:在Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat…..句型中从句也常用(should)+动词原型It’sapitythatyou(should)missagoodchance2．连接代词引导①Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwealreadyhave．我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。②whotheletterwasfromisstillunknown．这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。③Whicheverofyougetsherefirstwillgettheprize．你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。3．连接副词引导①Howacupuncturereducesandrelievespainisunclear．针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。②whydinosaurssuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery．恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。考点2宾语从句从属连词(不作成分）that,whether,if连接代词（作成分）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+ever连接副词（作状语）when,where,how,why1．连接词that，whether，if引导①Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp．我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。②Idon’tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。特别提示whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。(1)与ornot紧接连用时。如：LetmeknoWwhetherornotyoucancome．请让我知道你是否能来。(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：Weareinterestedinwhetheryouwillattendthemeeting．我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。2．连接代词和连接副词引导连接代词有what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词有when，where，why，how等。如：①Sheaskedmewhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass．她问我班上谁