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1非谓语作补语一．带to的不定式（todo）作宾补的动词常见的有：ask,invite,tell,want,encourage,wish,expect,beg,request,require,advise,order,force,cause,allow,permit,forbid,warn,remind,teach,send,callon,waitfor,wouldlike/love/prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补1.Myadvisorencouraged________asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.(北京卷)A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake2.Theteacheraskedus________somuchnoise.(北京卷)A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake3.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim________.(全国卷)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo4.Thepatientwaswarned________oilyfoodaftertheoperation.(全国卷)A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating二.在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to在使役动词make,let,have后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。1.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister________,todayhewasmade________byhislittlesister.A.cry,tocryB.crying,cryingC.cry,cryD.tocry,cry2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade________.Healwaysworkshard.(全国卷)A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning三．在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式感官动词feel,listento,hear,see,lookat,watch,notice，observe等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不带to的(在被动式后作主补时要加to)不定式(全过程)或者现在分词作宾补(正在发生)，是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补1.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher________upfromchildhood.(全国卷)A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow2.Themissingboywerelastseen________neartheriver.(全国卷)A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay3.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee________thenextyear.(全国卷)A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout四．其宾语后可用分词或不定式的3个动词在want,get,have等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式。现分述如下：①wantsb.doing希望某人做某事(多用于否定)；wantsb.todo要某人做某事；wantsth.done=wantsth.tobedone(被动)。Idon’twantyouarrivinglate.我希望你不要迟到。(主动、否定句)Iwanttheletter(tobe)openednow.我现在就想把这封信拆开。(被动)②getsb.todosth.使某人做某事(主动、将来);get…doing使…开始做某事;get…done=havesth.done请人做/遭受(被动)。如：I’lltrytogether________thedoctor.(上海卷)A.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.forseeing③havesth.done=getsth.done请人做某事;havesb/sth.doingsth.使某人/某物一直做某事或者处于某种状态；havesb.dosth.使某人做某事(见使役动词)；havesth.todo有事要做(见非谓语动词作定语部分)。1.Hedidn’tkeeponaskingmethetimeanylongerashehadhadhiswatch________.(上海卷)2A.torepairB.repairedC.repairingD.repair五．可用分词但不用todo作补语的5个动词Leave，keep,find等后可用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)作补语，一般不用todo。在catch(撞见),smell(闻到),等后通常只接现在分词作补语，不用不定式或过去分词。1.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.(全国卷)A.toburnB.burntC.burningD.burned2.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound________inthekitchen.(全国卷)A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked3.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.(安徽卷)A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting4.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught________andletheroff.(全国卷)A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing5.Don’tleavethewater________whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津卷)A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun。六．makeoneself后常用understood等过去分词作宾补makeoneselfunderstood/heard/seen/known让别人明白自己的意思/让自己讲的话被别人听到/让自己被别人看到/让自己被别人认识。如：1.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself________.(全国卷)A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard2.Helenhadtoshout________abovethesoundofthemusic.(广西卷)A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard七．可用tobe或tohavedone作补语的9个动词在表示“认为”的think,consider,believe,suppose,prove,find,understand,judge,imagine等动词后，可跟tobe作补语(认为…是…)，一般不跟todo；但在think,consider,believe等之后可跟tohavedone作补语(认为…做了…)。如：CharlesBabageisgenerallyconsidered________thefirstcomputer.(全国卷)A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented八．在besaid/reported等后用不定式在besaid,bereported,bebelieved,besupposed,bethought等后面，以及要求接不定式。1.Hewasreportedtohavebrokentheworldrecord.据报道他打破了世界纪录。=Itisreportedthathehasbrokentheworldrecord.2.Thefluisbelieved____byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(上海卷)A.causeB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused3.Robertissaid________abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.(全国卷)A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying九．在介词with后作宾补的非谓语动词形式在with的宾语后，若用过去分词，表示宾语与过去分词在逻辑上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已经完成或；若用现在分词，表示宾语与现在分词在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作的持续进行；若用带to的不定式，则表示将来的动作，宾语与不定式在逻辑上可以是主动关系也可以是被动关系，注意此时的不定式不是作宾补而是作宾语的定语了。如：1.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands________behindhisback.(全国卷)A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied2.Withalotofdifficultproblems________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(上海春)A.settledB.settingC.tosettleD.beingsettled3非谓语做宾补练习题1.Withalotofproblems____,theprincipaldecidedtoholdameetingtohaveathroughdiscussionaboutthem.A.tosolveB.beingsolvedC.solvingD.solved2.Themanagerhashadsomeproblems____whethertheyshouldborrowthemoneyfromthebanker.A.todecideB.decidingC.decidedD.havingdecided3.Hisremarksleftme__abouthisrealpurpose.A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering4.O’Nealworkshard.Heisoftenseen____heavilybeforehisteammateshaveevenarrivedatpractice.A.sweatedB.tobesweatedC.sweatingD.beingsweated5.Wewerepleasedtoseetheold____atthenursinghome.A.beingwellcaredforB.caredwellforC.beenwellcaredforD.caringforwell6.Thecourthearsabout120casesayear;visitorsarewelcometoseeacase____.A.arguedB.tobearguedC.tobearguingD.beingargued7.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout8.Whodoyouthinkyou’dlike____withyou,aboyorag