2018届高三英语译林版(江苏专用)一轮复习第2部分专题3非谓语动词

上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习专题三非谓语动词上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习◆非谓语动词的考查要点1．动词不定式复习中应注意的几个问题(1)不定式作表语与“be＋todosth.”的异同。不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质；“be＋todosth.”则表示按计划要做的事。MyjobistoteachEnglish.(说明内容)Heistogoabroad.(按计划要做的事)上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(2)后接不定式作宾语的词语。下列词语常接不定式作宾语：afford，promise，refuse，expect，hope，learn，offer，wish，want，fail，plan，agree，forget，like，prefer，decide，manage，try，arrange，determine，desire等。下列词语后可接“疑问词＋不定式”：teach，decide，wonder，show，learn，forget，ask，findout，advise，discuss等。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(3)如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。①动词(短语)see，watch，notice，hear，listento，observe，feel，taste，smell，make，let，have等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to，此时的不定式就是主语补足语。②常用不定式作宾补的几种情况：主语＋ask/require/tell/order/force/get/want/like＋sb.todosth.主语＋think/judge/suppose/believe/consider/imagine/feel＋sb.＋tobe/tohavedone主语＋callon/upon/dependon/waitfor/askfor＋sb.＋todosth.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(4)不定式作定语的特殊用法。①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance，wish，right，courage，need，promise，time，opportunity，way，thefirst，thesecond，thelast，theonly等。②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。Thereisnoonetolookafterher.③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。Sheisnowlookingforaroomtolivein.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(5)不定式作状语的用法。不定式作状语，在句中主要表示目的、结果、原因等。onlytodo表示出人意料的结果。Wehurriedtotheclassroomonlytofindnonethere.inorder(not)to，soas(not)to用来引导目的状语；enough...to，so...astodo，such＋名词．..astodo作结果状语。Thegirlwassokindastohelptheoldmanoffthebus.I'mnotsuchafoolastobelievethat.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(6)不定式的完成式的用法。①表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发生的动作。Thenovelwassaidtohavebeenpublished.Iregrettohavebeenwithyouforsomanyyears.seem，appear，besaid，besupposed，bebelieved，bethought，beknown，bereported等动词常用于上面句型。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习②glad、happy、satisfied、sorry、surprised、disappointed后也接完成式，但要注意与一般式的区别。I'msorrytokeepyouwaitingforaminute.对不起，请稍等。(说话时还未等)I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.对不起，让你久等了。(说话时已等了很久)上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(7)不定式的省略。①同一结构并列由and或or连接。Iwanttofinishmyhomeworkandgohome.I'mreallypuzzledwhattothinkorsay.特例：Tobeornottobe，thisisaquestion.Itisbettertolaughthantocry.(表示对比)②不定式作表语，其前面的主语从句中含有do时，后面的to省略。Whathedidwaslosethegame.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习③句中含有动词do时，but，except，besides，suchas等后面的to可省略。即“前有do，后省to”。Don'tdoanythingsilly，suchasmarryhim.④主句含有不定式，后面有ratherthan，ratherthan后省略to。⑤Whynot，hadbetter，wouldrather，can'tbut等词后省略to。You'dbettertakeitseriously.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习⑥多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语、主补或宾补的不定式再次出现时，to后的内容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。但如果承前省略的不定式有助动词have或be的任何形式，to后还应该保留原形have或be。Susanisnotwhatsheusedtobe.—Youcamelatelastnight.Yououghttohavefinishedyourhomework.—IknowIoughttohave.常见的有：I'dlike/love/behappyto.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习【即时训练1】用所给动词的适当形式填空1．It'simportantforthefigurestobeupdated(update)regularly.2．Todaywehavechatrooms，textmessaging，emailing...butweseemtobelosing(lose)theartofcommunicatingface­to­face.3．Iftheywinthefinaltonight，theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecitytobecheered(cheer)bytheirenthusiasticsupporters.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习4．ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortabletohold(hold)．5．Simonmadeabigbambooboxtokeep(keep)thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.6．Passengersarepermittedtocarry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.7．MoreTVprograms，accordingtogovernmentofficials，willbeproducedtoraise(raise)people'sconcernoverfoodsafety.8．Theabilitytoexpress(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习2．动名词复习中应注意的几个问题(1)下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest，finish，avoid，can'thelp，mind，enjoy，require，practise，miss，escape，pardon，advise，consider，imagine，keep，appreciate，permit。(2)下列动词短语后接动名词：leaveoff，putoff，giveup，lookforwardto，feellike，havetrouble/difficulty(in)，devoteto，be/getusedto，payattentionto，befondof，beworth。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(3)介词后要接动名词；whatabout，howabout，befondof，begoodat等的介词后接动名词。注意on/upondoingsth.＝assoonas引导的从句，作此意讲时on/upon后也可以接名词。Onhisarrivalatthestation，hefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.(4)动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：①begin，start，continue，like，love，dislike，hate，prefer，can'tstand上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习例句解析1.Itbegantorain./Itbeganraining.2．Itwasbeginningtosnow.3．Ilovelying(tolie)onmyback.4．Ilikelisteningtomusic，buttodayIdon'tliketo.5．Idon'tprefertoswimintherivernow.1.意思无差别，但谓语动词用进行时，后面只跟不定式。2．表示一种倾向多接动名词作宾语，如果表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接不定式。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习②remember，forget，regret，try例句解析1.Iremembertomeetheratthestation.Irememberseeingheroncesomewhere.2．Iforgotgivingittoyouyesterday.Iforgottotellyouaboutit.Nowhereitis.1.remembertodosth.记住要做的事rememberdoingsth.回顾过去发生的事2．forgettodosth.忘记要做的事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过的事上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习3．Iregretnothavingworkedhard.Iregrettohearofyoursister'sdeath.4．Tryknockingatthebackdoor.Wemusttrytogeteverythingready.5．Thatwillmeanfloodingsomeland.IhadmeanttogoonMonday.3．regrettodosth.对将要做的事抱歉regretdoingsth.对发生过的事后悔4．trytodosth.设法，试图做某事trydoingsth.试试看，试一试5．meantodosth.打算做……，想要做……meandoingsth.意味着上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习③want，require，need例句解析1.Thesedesksneedrepairing/toberepaired.2．Thepatientrequiredexamining/tobeexamined.表达意思一样，但用不定式时要用被动形式，用动名词时用主动形式(表被动意义)。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习【即时训练2】用所给动词的适当形式填空1．It'snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.2．Lydiadoesn'tfeellikestudying(study)abroad.Herparentsareold.3．Beingexposed(expose)tothesunwilldoharmtoyourskin.4．Sheisafraidofbeingtaken(take)tothepublic.5．Mary'scoming(co