定语从句3

Unit1CulturalrelicsLearningaboutlanguage高一人教新课标版必修二Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1.tochoosecarefully--2.notseenorfoundveryoften--3.welcomeareainahotel---4.tosurprisesomebodyverymuch---selectrarereceptionamaze1.Findthewordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeaningsfromthetext.5.nomorethan--6.madeofwood--7.tryingtofindsomething;lookingcarefullyforsomething---8.tomanagetoliveorcontinueindifficulties--9.totakesomethingaway--lessthanwoodeninsearchofsurviveremove10.personwhocreatesthingswhichcanbeconsideredworksofart--11.ofanearlierperiodortime;happeningbefore--12.inasituationinwhichtwosidesfighteachother---artistformeratwar2.Completethepassagewiththewordsbelow.ChenLeistudiedarthistoryandtheearly________ofChinainauniversity.Hewasabletorecognizethe_____ofdifferentculturalrelicsfromformertimes,dynastiesstyleraredesigneddecoratedstyledoubtfancydynastiesamazingworthjewelsespeciallytheTangandSongdynasties.Onedayhewaslookinginasecond-handfurnitureshopwhenhesawan_______objectamongthemanydifferentvasesand______.Itwasamirror________intheSongDynastyand_________inthe______styleofthattime.amazingjewelsdesigneddecoratedfancyHerecognizedthatitwasa_______culturalrelic,butatapricehecouldafford,soheboughtitatonce.Laterhegaveittohislocalmuseum.Thepeopletherewereveryhappyandwithout______consideritoneofthetreasuresoftheircollection.Tothem,itwas______muchmorethanChenLeipaid.raredoubtworthGrammarTheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause一.定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：Heisamanwhomweshouldlearnfrom.(去掉从句后，句子剩余部分意思就不完整)Myfather,whoworksinahospital,oftenwarnsmenottosmoke.(去掉从句后，句子剩余部分意思仍然完整)二.限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词；而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词，也可以是整个句子或其中一部分。例如：Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.(先行词为house)Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.(先行词为house)Hehasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.(which指代前面句子的整个内容)Mikesoldthehouse,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.(which指代前面句子的整个内容)三.当关系代词做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中常常可以省略，而且关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替。例如：Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.Mr.LingisjusttheboywhomIwanttosee.Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.但是，在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom，不能用who替换。而且无论指人还是指物都不能省略。例如：DoyouknowTom,whomwetalkedabout?Thisbook,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyoualltheinformationyouneed.注意：that通常不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。ASandWHICH由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。1.Hedidn'tpasstheexam,whichdisappointedme.2.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.3.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.4.Asisknown,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。但下列情况多用as：1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.1.(2007天津)TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.AwhatBthatChowDasKey:D解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句，as可引导非限制性定语从句，相当于which.真题解析2._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.what答案B解析：本题考察非限定性定语从句。as引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，意思是“正如……”，as在从句中充当主语时常用结构：asisknown，asissaid，asisreported等，所以答案是B。3.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he答案C解析：此为非限定性从句，不能用that引导，而用which。it和he都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。4.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it答案B解析：which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。that不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不是连词，在英语语法上行不通。1.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,____appearedararerainbowsoon.（2008福建卷）A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich高考真题D2.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.(2008湖南卷）A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthatB3.TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.(2008江苏卷）A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whereA4.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.(2008全国II)A.itB.whatC.whichD.thatC5.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.（2008陕西卷）A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhichD6.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadourfurther,_______NewYorkisanexample.(2008四川卷)A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhichC7.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.（2008浙江卷）A.whomB.whereC.thatD.whichD8.I’llgiveyouyourfriend’shomeaddress,____Icanbereachedmostevenings.（2008北京卷）A.whichB.whenC.whomD.whereD9.TheywillflytoWashington,____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.（2008重庆卷）A.whereB.thereC.whichD.whenA10.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily.______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.（2008安徽卷）A.whyB.whereC.whichD.thatBHomework1.Reviewthegrammarpoints;2.Finishexercises1,2,3and4onpage4;3.Previewusinglanguage.