高中语法系动词精讲

连系动词及其用法连系动词（即系动词）用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质，特征或身份。表语通常由名词、形容词，或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，说明主语是什么或怎么样。常见的系动词是be,它的变化形式为：am/is/are/was/were.除了be动词,其他的系动词大致可分为四类：1.“感觉”类:与五种感觉器官相关的动词.常见的有:look(看起来)，feel(摸上去)，smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)等。例如:Whathesayssounds(like)agoodidea.Thoseorangestastegood.Shelooksmuchyoungerinherreddress.2.“主观判断”类:包括seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove(证明是),turnout(结果是,证明是)等.例如:Heappears/seemtobeveryfriendlywithus.Theyappear/seemtohavemisunderstoodme.Itappears/seemthatshewillwin.3.“状态变化”类:表示主语从一种状态变化成另一种状态。常见的有:become,turn,grow,go,come,fall,get,run等。例如：Putthefishinthefridge,oritwillgobadinhotweather.4.“状态持续”类:表示主语持续某种状态。常见的有:remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)，lie(呈…状态,置于),continue(继续、仍旧)等。例如:—Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?—Itwillstayfreshforseveraldays.ThepopulationgrowthinChinaremainsaproblem.Thebooklayopenonthedesk.半系动词词汇用法时态语态感官性系动词主观判断系动词状态变化系动词状态持续系动词look,sound,smell,taste,feeletc.+adj.+like+n.一般现在或过去时(特殊:feel)主动表被动seem,appear,turnout,prove,happenetc.+(tobe)adj./n.+todosth.系动词一般现在或过去时不定式可用各种形式系动词主动表被动不定式可主动或被动become,turn,grow,get,go,come,fall,etc.+adj.+n.注意记忆惯用搭配现在\过去\将来\进行\完成时无被动keep,remain,stay,lieetc.+adj.+n.一般现在或过去时无被动feel作系动词的用法1.表”某物体给人的感觉”,只用一般现在或过去时2.表”主语自身的感觉”,用于各种时态------Howareyoutoday?------Oh,Ihaven’tfeltasillasIdonowforalongtime.I’mfeelingalittlebettertoday.Silkfeelssoft.Choosethebestanswer1.Thewater_____coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feelsChoosethebestanswer2.Heshookhishead______andlooked____whenhewastoldthebadnews.A.sadly;sadlyB.sad;sadC.sadly;sadD.sad;sadlyChoosethebestanswer3.Ilovetogototheforestinsummer.It____goodtowalkintheforestorsitintheshadeoftrees.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makesChoosethebestanswer4.----Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskatingontheweekend.----_____good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.SoundsAstimewenton,histheoryproved(tobe)true.Everythingturnedout(tobe)well.Heseemstoknoweverything.Ihappenedtobestandingnexttohimwhenhefell.Theyappear/seemtohavemisunderstoodme.Choosethebestanswer1.Hismethodshouldbepopularized;it___practical.A.provesB.isprovedC.hasbeenprovedD.wasproved2.Toeverybody’sgreatsurprise,thefashionableyounglady____tobeathief.A.foundoutB.provedoutC.putoutD.turnedout3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears____everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tohavebeentoldD.tobetellingTHINKITOVER4.Johnseems_____wellathisjob.Helookscontentwithit.A.togetonB.tobegettingonC.gettingonD.tohavegoton状态变化系动词状态变化系动词用法习惯搭配go多指朝坏的方面变化,也常与表颜色的词连用wrong,bad,mad,hungry,blindetc.turn表“颜色,气味,天气,职业,年龄,时间”等1特殊用法,可接年龄和时间2接单数名词时,单数名词前不接冠词grow表成长,发展中的变化strong,tall,thick,healthyetc.fall表由动态到静态的转变ill,sick,silent,asleepetc.come表事物的发展转向好的状态allright,true,aliveetc.run表发展的状态不是人们所希望的dry,short,wildetc.getbecome常用来指人或物的状态的变化become接名词时,名词前接冠词表达“到达或超过(某一年龄或时间)”,用turn不用becomeEg.Mysonturns6inJuly.It’sturnedmidnight.turn+单数名词成为一名…becomea/an+单数名词Eg.Hehasbecomeanexcellentactor.=Hehasturnedexcellentactor.状态变化系动词的时态PoorTomhasgoneblind!Itworriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.Thechildrenhavebeenrunningwildsincetheirparentsdivorced.Themilkwillgosourifyoudon’tputitinthefridge.Choosethebestanswer1.Thediscussion_____alivewhenaninterestingtopicwasbroughtin.A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.hascomeD.came2.Happybirthday,Alice!Soyouhave____twenty-onealready!A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed3.Thetrafficlights_____greenandIpulledaway.A.cameB.grewC.gotD.went4.---Isyourheadachegetting_____?---No,it’sworse.A.betterB.badC.lessD.wellTHINKITOVERChoosethebestanswer1.-----Wouldyouadvisemeonhowtostay_____?-----Trytoliveregularly,eatmorevegetablesandbeinagoodstateofmind.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.morehealthily2.Hekept_____afterher,tryingtocatchher.A.runB.torunC.runningDran3.He_____intheshadebecauseitwasveryhot.A.keepB.tokeepC.keptD.keepingremainremain+n.remain+adj.remain+v-ed/ingremain+prep.remain+todosth.remainHisbrotherhasbecomeanengineerwhileheremainsaworker.TheweatherstillremainedcoldinApril.WhenIreturned,sheremainedsittingthere.Heleftandmuchworkremainedundone.HisfamilyremainedathomewhilehelookedforworkinLondon.Nothingremainstobesaid.(现在已经没有什么好说的了)Choosethebestanswer1.Itisagoodplanintheory,butit_____tobeseenwhetheritworksinpractice.A.waitsB.staysC.standsD.remains2.Heremained______thoughwerepeatlyaskedhimtositdown.A.standB.tostandC.stoodD.standing3.Thetrueauthorofthebookremains_____.A.knowB.toknowC.unknownD.knowingget+过去分词“get+过去分词”有被动含义,用来突发事件或事故,说明主语自身的状态。与get搭配的过去分词比较少，有：broken,caught,hurt,killed,changed,married,engaged,paid,dressed,stuck,separated等。Eg.Igotcaughtforspeeding.Someglassesgotbrokenwhenweweremoving.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetogetchangedbeforetheparty.Choosethebestanswer1.-----Howaretheteamplaying?-----Theyareplayingwell,butoneofthem_____hurt.A.gotB.getsC.areD.wereTHINKITOVER2.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay___runoverbyacar.A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn3.Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed比较动词用法Thedishesmymothercookstastedelicious.Itastedthedishesandfoundtheyweredelicious.Milkgoesbadeasilyinsummerifyoudon’tputitinthefridge.M