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TourInChina旅英092第四小组一路南下出版社本书编者主编：李蒙妮副主编：(按姓氏笔画排行)朱彩云孔露萍徐云萍审定：李蒙妮朱彩云徐云萍孔露萍前言PREFACE旅游（Tour）来源于拉丁语的“tornare”和希腊语的“tornos”，其含义是“车床或圆圈；围绕一个中心点或轴的运动。”这个含义在现代英语中演变为“顺序”。后缀—ism被定义为“一个行动或过程；以及特定行为或特性”，而后缀—ist则意指“从事特定活动的人”。词根tour与后缀—ism和—ist连在一起，指按照圆形轨迹的移动，所以旅游指一种往复的行程，即指离开后再回到起点的活动；完成这个行程的人也就被称为旅游者(Tourist)。随着因特网的发展，计算机技术的不断成熟，旅游网站纷纷落户。旅游这个行业近年来在网络上大力发展，旅游网经这些年的发展后已多如牛毛，旅游网站的发展也日趋成熟。2007年1-11月，中国主要城市接待旅游人数为39970340人次，与上年同期相比增长了13.37%。其中接待外国游客23330404人次，接待香港同胞11176899人次，接待澳门同胞722831人次，接待台湾同胞4740206人次。为了让那些爱好旅游的，或者说是有打算准备旅行的人，提供一个便捷的方法。因此，笔者编写了从“北京-上海-江苏-四川-安徽-山东-河南-湖南-陕西-重庆-浙江-云南-贵州-广西-广东”这15个省或直辖市。让读者有更好的选择，不用那么的盲目和不知所措，我们选择了当地比较受欢迎的景点，传统艺术以及特色小吃。不仅方便了读者，也将带动当地的旅游业发展。由于编排的时间比较仓促，作者水平有限，书中谬误不当之处，恳请读者与专家学者不吝指教。编者2010年6月目录CONTENTS一，北京八，湖南长沙二，上海三，江苏九，陕西南京西安江苏十，重庆四，四川成都十一，浙江杭州五，安徽合肥十二，云南六，山东十三，贵州青岛济南十四，广西七，河南十五，广东北京：1.简介:Beijingisanancientcitywithalonghistory.ThelonghistoryleavesBeijingpreciousculturaltreasure.Backin3000yearsagoinZhoudynasty,Beijing,whichwascalledJiatthemoment,hadbeennamedcapitalofYan.Thereafter,Liao,Jin,Yuan,MingandQingdynastyallmadeBeijingtheircapital.Therefore,BeijingwasfamousforCapitalofathousandyears.In2008，itholdSummerolympic。2.传统文化四合院和胡同SiHeYuanisaclassicalarchitecturestyleofresidentialhousingofBeijingcitizensdatedfromtheMingDynasty.ThenarrowstreetsbetweentheSiHeYuanarecalledHutongs.AsingleimplementationofSiHeYuancomprisesofgardensurroundedbyfourhousesandprotectedbyhighwalls.SiHeYuanwithHutongwhichhavebeenveryfamiliarforpeople,havingahistoryofmorethan700yearsnowsufferfromtheurbanrenovationandeconomicdevelopmentofChina,andtheyareslowlydisappearingfromBeijing.京剧PekingOperacombinesmusic,acrobaticdance,andspectacularcostumestotellstoriesfromChinesehistoryandfolklore.Usingabstract,symbolicgesturesrichindramaticmeaning,actorsrepresentpersonagesfromtheheroic,divine,andanimalworlds,ofteninmartialexploits.Thetraditionalfeaturesofthemasklikemakeupandelaboratecostumesimmediatelyidentifythecharacterstoaknowingaudience.3．旅游景点故宫TheForbiddenCitywastheChineseImperialpalacefromthemid-MingDynastytotheendoftheQingDynasty.ItislocatedinthemiddleofBeijing,China.ItnowhousesthePalaceMuseum.Thecomplexconsistsof800buildingswith8,886rooms.Itcovers720,000squaremetres.TheForbiddenCitywasdeclaredaWorldHeritageSitein1987astheImperialPalaceoftheMingandQingDynasties,[1]andislistedbyUNESCOasthelargestcollectionofpreservedancientwoodenstructuresintheworld.长城TheGreatWallofChina,alsoknowninChinaastheGreatWallof10,000,isanancientChinesefortificationbuiltfromtheendofthe14thcenturyuntilthebeginningofthe17thcentury,duringtheMingDynasty,inordertoprotectChinafromraidsbytheMongolsandTurkictribes.ThefirstmajorwallwasbuiltduringthereignoftheFirstEmperor,themainemperoroftheshort-livedQindynasty.Thiswallwasnotconstructedasasingleendeavor,butratherwascreatedbythejoiningofseveralregionalwallsbuiltbytheWarringStates.ItwaslocatedmuchfurthernorththanthecurrentGreatWall,andverylittleremainsofit.天坛About2kmsoutheastoftheForbiddenCitytowersTianTan,ortheTempleofHeaven,wheredynasticrulersinChinausedtoworshiptheheaven.ThetempleplussubsidiarybuildingsandasurroundinggardencoversanareafivetimesthesizeoftheForbiddenCity.AsChineseemperorscalledthemselvesTianzi,orthesonofheaven,theyhadtocedesupremacytotheheavenintermsofabiding.颐和园SummerPalace,locatedinthenorthwestBeijingHaidianDistrict,15kmfromtheBeijingCity.Coveringanareaofabout290hectares,theexistingSummerPalaceisChina'slargest,mostcompletepreservationoftheimperialgarden,theSummerPalace,thepalacewasoriginallyQingDynastyemperorsandGarden明十三陵TheMingTombsarelocatedinthenorthwesternsuburbsofBeijing,aboutfiftykilometersfromthecity.TheyarethetombsofthirteenemperorsoftheMingDynasty.ThegravegoodsofDinglingnumberover3,000piecesinall,includinggold,silver,pearls,jewels,jadeware,chinaware,lacquerware,silkgoods.3.特色小吃北京烤鸭Beijingroastduck驴打滚儿GlutinousRiceRollswithSweetBeanFlour爱窝窝白头羊水水爆肚4.艺术景泰蓝此Cloisonné,whichisalsocalledcopperpaddingthreadweavingenamel,isakindofChinesetraditionalhandicrafts.Themanufactureofcloisonnéwarerequiresanelaborateandcomplicatedprocess,namely,base-hammering,copper-wirecurving,soldering,polishing,andgilding,吹糖人注：现在估计已经没有什么人把吹糖人作为一门吃饭的手艺活儿了。希望吹糖人儿、捏面人以及剪纸、年画、泥玩等东西作为传统文化艺术，能够受到人们的关注，能够有人继承和发扬他们，把这些古老的传统手艺保存下去，流传下去。上海：1.简介：Shanghai,Huforshort,issituatedontheestuaryofYangtzeRiverofChina.ItisthelargestindustrialcityinChina.Coveringanareaof5,800squarekilometers,Shanghaihasapopulationof18.7million,including2millionfloatingpopulation.Today'sShanghaiisamulti-culturalmetropoliswithbothmodernandtraditionalChinesefeatures.BubblingShanghaishowsoffeveryaspectofheruniqueglamour.2.旅游景点东方明珠塔ShanghaiOrientalPearlTVTowerwascompletedonOct.1,1994.Itis468mhigh,beingthehighestinAsiaandthethirdhighestintheworld,onlynexttheTVtowersinTorontoinCanadaandMoscowinRussia.Itstandsoppositetothebundonthewestbank..Thestructureofthetowerconsistsof11spheres,differentinsizesandarrangedatdifferentlevels,hangingfromtheskydowntothegreenlawns.外滩TheBund(WaiTan)isoneofthesymbolsofShanghai.LocatedalongtheHuangpuRiver,theBundshowsoffShanghai’s