28120101JClinPediatrVol.28No.1Jan.2010(MP),[1]。,MP9.6%~66.7%,(CAP)[2,3],。,2007(MycoplasmaPneumoniaePneumonia,MPP)199910,(refractoryMycoplasmaPneumoniaepneumonia,RMPP)[4]。RMPP、、、。1RMPP,:①(1,);②,();③(>3~4),,。RMPP1,,[4]。2,RMPP,、。2.1,、、、、。,MP[5,6],MP,。2.1.1。,50S23SrRNAV,,。erm2058,[7,8]。,rRNAMP,MPerm。MP,。2.1.2,mef14、15,16,M;msr14、15,16,MS。,,。2.1.3,,[7,8],MP。,MPMP,MP。2.2MP。MPP,RMPPMPPCD4+T,CD8+TCD4+T/CD8+T,CD3+/HLA-DR+、CD3+/CD25+。TB,T;、,IL-2,sIL-2R,IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-12、IFN-γ,NOTNF-α[9]。,,,,/、,。2.3MPMP、。,MP、、、、、。MP,,(200001)··94··28120101JClinPediatrVol.28No.1Jan.2010。2.4,X,,MP-IgM1,,,,RMPP。3RMPP、,[10],MP,、、、、,、。RMPP。Vervloet[11],MP25%~50%,(50%),(25%)、(25%)、(14%)、(1%~6.7%)、(1%~8.5%)。,,RMPP,。MPP,、,RMPP。4RMPP:①;②1;③1;④《》[12]。,。4.1MPMP。、、。MP,,,7~10d,3~4,,。4.2,MPP[13]。,4:(CFT)、(ELISA)、。ELISA、,、,MP,。MP,MP-IgM,7~10d,3~4,,2~4;MP-IgGMP-IgM,1,6,MP-IgG,;MP-IgAMP-IgM,,,MP-IgA、MP-IgM,。MPMP,、、,。,,MP-IgGIgM,。,、,。2007《》()MP(2)41/4MP-IgM>1∶160[14]。MP,MPP1,。MPP1。,MP170000MPP1,MP-P1MP。4.3(PCR)PCR、。,PCR80.6%,89.3%[15]。PCR-MP-DNA、、,8~10h,,,,。FQ-PCRPCRDNA、,,,[16],。PCR,。4.4MPPX,,,,,,。RMPP[17]。CT,CT(HRCT)、。RMPP,。4.5,,,,。[18]。95··28120101JClinPediatrVol.28No.1Jan.201055.1MP。RMPP,,,。、。,,。,MP,≥1∶160,。RMPP,。RMPP。,,,,。,、、,,、,,。RMPP,、。5.2MP,RMPP、、。,MPP(sICAM-1)[19],sICAM-1,。,:5~10mg/(kg·d)0.1~0.25mg/(kg·d),;1~2mg/(kg·d),,3~5d1。Tamura[20]6RMPP30mg/(kg·d),3d,14h,,,RMPP,。Lee[21]15RMPP1mg/(kg·d),3~7d,。,RMPP,110d,,,β2,。RMPP、,。RMPP。5.3RMPP,,,。,,,,RMPP。RMPP,RMPP。,,,RMPP[22]。5.4RMPP,,,。RMPP,、,,。:[1]YangE,AltesT,AnupindiSA.EarlyMycoplasmapneumoniaeinfectionpresentingasmultiplepulmonarymasses:anunusualpresentationinachild[J].PediatrRadiol,2008,38(4):477-480.[2]GaillatJ,ElahaultA,deBarbeyracB,etal.CommunityepidemiologyofChlamydiaandMycoplasmapneumoniaeinLRTIinFranceover29months[J].EurJEpidemiol,2005,20(7):643-651.[3]NagalingamNA,AdesiyunAA,SwanstonWH,etal.PrevalenceofMycoplasmapneumoniaeandChlamydiapneumoniaeinpneu-moniapatientsinfourmajorhospitalsinTrinidad[J].NewMicrobiol,2004,27(4):345-351.[4]TamuraA,MatsubaraK,TanakaT,etal.MethylprednisolonepulsetherapyforrefractoryMycoplasmapneumoniaepneumoniainchildren[J].JInfect,2008,57(3):223-228.[5]MorozumiM,IwataS,HasegawaK,etal.IncreasedmacrolideresistanceofMycoplasmapneumoniaeinpediatricpatientswithcommunity-acquiredpneumonia[J].AntimicrobAgentsChemo-ther,2008,52(1):348-350.[6]PereyreS,CharronA,RenaudinH,etal.Firstreportofmacrolide-resistantstrainsanddescriptionofanovelnucleotidesequencevariationintheP1adhesingeneinMycoplasmapneumoniaeclinicalstrainsisolatedinFranceover12years[J].JClinMicrobiol,2007,45(11):3534-3539.[7],,,.[J].,2005,43(3):212.[8]BebéarCM,PereyreS.MechanismsofdrugresistanceinMycoplasmapneumoniae[J].CurtDrugTargetsInfectDisord,2005,5(3):263-271.[9]EspositoS,DroghettiR,BosisS,etal.CytokinesecretioninchildrenwithacuteMycoplasmapneumoniaeinfectionandwheeze[J].PediatrPulmonol,2002,34(2):122-127.96··28120101JClinPediatrVol.28No.1Jan.2010oxideinasthma[J].CanRespirJ,2008,15(2):99-106.[23]MichilsA,BaldassarreS,VanMuylemA.Exhalednitricoxideandasthmacontrol:alongitudinalstudyinunselectedpatients[J].EurRespirJ,2008,31(3):539-546.[24]HobsonL,EverardML.Persistentofrespiratorysyncytialvirusinhumandendriticcellsandinfluenceofnitricoxide[J].ClinExpImmunol,2008,151(2):359-366.[25],,,.NOcGMP[J].,1999,37(10):635-636.[26]KawashimaH,KashiwagiY,WatanabeC,etal.NOx(nitrite/nitrate)inpatientswithpediatricnephroticsyndrome[J].PediatrNephrol,2007,22(6):840-843.[27]OgraPL.Respiratorysyncytialvirus:thevirus,thediseaseandtheimmuneresponse[J].PaediatricRespirRev,2004,5(SupplA):S119-S126.[28]LeBerreL,HervéC,BuzelinF,etal.RenalmacrophageactivationandTh2polarizationprecedesthedevelopmentofnephroticsyndromeinBuffalo/Mnarats[J].KidneyInt,2005,68(5):2079-2090.[29]AkyolT,BulucuF,SenerO,etal.Functionsandoxidativestressstatusofleukocytesinpatientswithnephroticsyndrome[J].BiolTraceElemRes,2007,116(3):237-248.[30]Abrera-AbeledaMA,XuY,PickeringMC,etal.Mesangialimmunecomplexglome-rulonephritisduetocomplementfactorDdeficiency[J].KidneyInt,2007,71(11):1142-1147.[31]McdonaldNE,WolfishN,MclaineP,etal.Roleofrespiratoryvirusesinexacerbationofprimarynephroticsyndrome[J].Pediatrics,1986,108(3):378-382.[32].,[J].,2008,23(4):243-246.[33]MoellerA,LehmannA,KnauerN,etal.Effectsofmontelukastonsubjectiveandobjectiveoutcomemeasuresinpreschoolasthmaticchildren[J].PediatrPulmonol,2008,43(2):179-186.[34]OommenA,GriggJ.UrinaryleukotrieneE4inpreschoolchildrenwithacuteclinicalviralwheeze[J].EurRepirJ,2003,21(1):149-154.[35]VolovitzB,WelliverRC,DeCastroG,etal.Thereleaseofleukotrienesintherespiratorytractduringinfectionwithrespiratorysyncytialvirus:roleinobstructiveairwaydisease[J].PediatrRes,1988,24(4):504-507.(:2008-07-21)[10],,,.5[J].,2008,23(4):289-290.[11]VervloetLA,MarguetC,CamargosPA.InfectionbyMycoplasmapneumoniaeanditsimportanceasanetiologicalagentinchild-hoodcommunity-acquiredpneumonias[J].BrazJInfectDis,2007,11(5):507-514.[12],,.[M].6.:,1996:1171-1172.[13]KorppiM,Heiskanen-KosmaT,KleemolaM.Incidenceofcommunity-acquiredpneumoniainchildrencausedbyMyco