动词不定式

初三第一学期期末复习第四讲-动词不定式定义构成用法练兵场动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形动词不定式的用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。功能：作主语作表语作宾语作宾语补足语作定语作状语动词不定式做主语Toseeistobelieve。动词不定式做表语Myjobistofeedtheseanimals。动词不定式作宾语后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,ask,choose,decide,forget,hope,learn,want,wish,wouldlike,manage等。如：Wehopetogettherebeforedark.我们希望天黑以前到那儿。Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。注意动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）1．有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：remembertodo记住要做某事；rememberdoing记得曾经做过某事forgettodo忘记要做某事forgetdoing忘记曾经做过某事stoptodo停下来去做某事stopdoing停止做某事goontodo继续做另一件事goondoing继续做原来在做的事Irememberseeingyousomewherebefore.我记得以前在哪儿见过你。Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.离开时请记得关好灯。动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）2．不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。如：Hefounditverydifficulttogettosleep.Hefeelsitdifficulttomakewhathewants.Robertdoesn’tthinkitagoodideaforMarytobeonadiet.Hehasmadeitpossibletogrowriceinthenorth.动词不定式作宾语补足语1．后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,order,teach,tell,want,wish,help,,等。TheteachertoldustodoExercise1.老师要我们做练习一。Iwantbothofyoutogo.我要你们俩去。Wehelpedher(to)repairherbike.我们帮助她修理自行车。动词不定式作宾语补足语2．使役动词let,have,make及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。Let’shavearest.我们休息一会吧。Isawhimcomein.我看见他进来了。感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。Isawhimcomedownstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说明他下楼了这件事）Isawhimcomingdownstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说明他下楼时的情景）注意动词不定式做定语Iwantsomewatertodrink。Hehassomethingimportanttotellme。动词不定式作状语我专程来看你.Ihavecometoseeyou.他停下来休息一会.Hestoppedtohavearest.表情感的形容词happy,glad,pleased,sorry,quick,slow,polite,wrong后面表产生这种感情的原因.I’mgladtoseeyou.Itwastoocoldtoswim.I’msorrytohearthat.动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not；不带to的不定式则在动词前加not.如：ZhangMingaskedmenottostayathomeallday.张明要我不要整天呆在家里。Mymotherletmenotdoitbymyself.妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。歌诀一感一助一最好二听二请二为什么不三使四看半帮助无to不定式记心中典型例句再现1.Ifeltsomethingfalldownmyneck.2.You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworksoon.3.Mr.GreenwillgotovisittheGreatWallnextweek.4.Iheardthegirlsinginthenextroom.5.Pleasesayitmoreslowly?7.WhynottalkaboutEnglishnames?8.Whydon’tyoucomealittleearlier?9.Let’sgotoschooltogether.10.Hisparentsmadehimgetupearly.11.Heoftenwatchesotherpeopleplayfootball.12.Atnight,thedogwatchedhimsleep.练兵场1.Theheadmasteraskedthemother_____________________________(把这个男孩带回家)2.Don’tforget_______________________(关上窗户)whenyouleave.3.Theteacheraskedus______________________(用英语说它)4.Herauntwillteachher________________________(唱歌和跳舞)5.Weoftenwatchthem___________________________(踢足球)6.Let’s_______________________(去散步),shallwe?7.Laterhelefthome__________________(找)thatlostbike.