虚拟现实技术在特殊儿童教学与训练中的应用研究_王庭照

313Vol．31No．3JournalofEastChinaNormalUniversityEducationalSciences20139Sep．2013*王庭照1许琦2赵微11．7100622．710043:虚拟现实技术在特殊教育领域中的应用既是一种新的尝试，又是一项具有广阔发展前景的课题。本文阐述了近年来虚拟现实技术在肢体障碍儿童、视力障碍儿童、听力障碍儿童及其它类型特殊儿童教学、治疗与训练中的应用研究，并针对当前存在的问题提出建议:(1)联系特殊儿童评估专家，制订科学的治疗和评估标准;(2)尊重特殊儿童发展的基本规律，注重多种方法的综合使用;(3)强调人文关怀和回归主流，强化各类特殊儿童社会适应能力的训练;(4)结合我国特殊教育的发展实际，争取多方人员的积极配合。:虚拟现实;特殊儿童;教学;训练*“”A1007、“”10SZZD04。。20107《2010—2020》。、、、、。、、。201212《》“”。VirtualＲealityVＲ80。VＲ。①VＲ。VＲ、、。VＲ33DOI:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2013.03.013。VＲ。、。②、。、。VＲ、、、。③VＲVＲ。VＲ。。。④VＲ。、。WannTurn-bullＲTFＲTF。⑤Sanchez“”、、、。⑥Wada“”。⑦“”。⑧“”。⑨VＲVＲ。⑩VＲ。。VＲ“”、。。瑏瑡Kayyal、43。、。瑏瑢、。。、。VＲ。VＲVＲ“”3D。、。瑏瑣“”。。瑏瑤“”、、、、。瑏瑥。瑏瑦。瑏瑧。VＲ、、、、。“”323“”、“”“”。瑏瑨。“”174。瑏瑩、。、。“”、53。VＲVＲ、、。、VＲML3DMAXPoser。瑐瑠、、。。。瑐瑡2002－－VＲML。瑐瑢。2006、、。瑐瑣。VＲ。VＲ、。瑐瑤VＲ、。NicolettaVＲ。瑐瑥。、。PassigEden3D2D。瑐瑦瑐瑧JenniferVＲ、、。、。瑐瑨、VＲ、、—63。瑐瑩。VＲ。瑑瑠Kessler。瑑瑡。VＲ、。LeeChoVＲVＲ。瑑瑢CostaVＲ。瑑瑣ChoVＲ。瑑瑤“”。瑑瑥6。。VＲ、。1996StricklandVＲ。瑑瑦VＲ。。瑑瑧。ZhuVＲBCIbraincomputerinterface。瑑瑨。、、VＲVＲ。瑑瑩VＲ。、。Yalon－ChamovitzWeiss33122－3VＲ。瑒瑠、VＲ。WuangVＲWii。瑒瑡Wii、Wii。AttreeVＲVＲ。瑒瑢、。73。瑒瑣。、、、。瑒瑤VＲ。VＲ。VＲ。VＲ、。VＲ。VＲ。VＲ、。瑒瑥。。VＲ。、、。VＲ。VＲ、。VＲ。VＲ1．。。“——”。。VＲ。VＲ。2．、VＲ。。。VＲVＲ。VＲ“”VＲ。瑒瑦VＲ。3．83。VＲ、、、VＲ、VＲ、。VＲ、、。4．VＲ。VＲ、。。、、。、、VＲ。①、《virtools》《》200710。②《》2005268。③、、《“”》《》19992。④、、《》《》20075。⑤J．P．WannandJ．D．Turnbull“MotorSkillLearninginCerebralPaslyMovementActionandComputerEnhancedTher-aphy”Bailliere＇sClinicalNeurologyvol．2no．11993pp．15－28．⑥Ｒ．J．SanchezJ．LiuS．Ｒaoetal“AutomatingArmMovementTrainingFollowingSevereStrokeFunctionalExerciseswithQuantitativeFeedbackinaGravity－reducedEnvironment”NeuralSystemsandＲehabilitationEngineeringvol．14no．32006pp．378－389．⑦T．WadaN．YoshiiK．Tsukamotoetal“DevelopmentofVirtualＲealitySnowboardSystemforTherapeuticExercise”IEEE/ＲSJInternationalConferenceonIntelligentＲobotsandSystemsvol．3no．32004pp．2277－2282．⑧、、《》《》19994。⑨、、《matlab》《》20083。⑩《》《》201012。瑏瑡J．FungF．MalouinB．J．McFadyenetal“LocomotorＲehabilitationinaComplexVirtualEnvironment”IEEEEngi-neeringinMedicineandBiologySocietyvol．72004pp．4859－4861．瑏瑢Ｒ．KayyalS．ShirmohammadiA．EISaddik“MeasurementofProgressforHapticMotorＲehabilitationPatients”IEEEInternationalWorkshoponMedicalMeasurementsandApplications2008pp．108－113．瑏瑣Ｒ．M．EastgateG．D．GriffithsP．E．Waddinghametal“ModifiedVirtualＲealityTechnologyforTreatmentofAmbly-opia”Eyevol．20no．32006pp．370－374．瑏瑤、、《》《》20041。瑏瑥、《》《》20061。瑏瑦、、《1725－8》《》20096。瑏瑧、、《》《》20082。93瑏瑨、、《———》《》20062。瑏瑩、、《》《》20062。瑐瑠、《》《》20093。瑐瑡、《》《》20032。瑐瑢《》《》200210。瑐瑣《》2006425http//．cutech．edu．cn/cn/kjjj/gxkj/webinfo/2006/04/1180236642106731．htm。瑐瑤《》《》19982。瑐瑥N．Adamo－Villani“AVirtualLearningEnvironmentforDeafChildrenDesignandEvaluation”InternationalJournalofHumanandSocialSciencesvol．2no．22007pp．123－128．瑐瑦D．PassigandS．Eden“ImprovingFlexibleThinkinginDeafandHardofHearingChildrenwithVirtualＲealityTechnolo-gy”AmericanAnnalsoftheDeafvol．145no．32000pp．286－291．瑐瑧D．PassigandS．Eden“Cognitiveinterventionthroughvirtualenvironmentsamongdeafandhard－of－hearingchildren”EuropeanJournalofSpecialNeedsEducationvol．18no．22003pp．173－182．瑐瑨J．VogelC．BowersC．Meehanetal“Virtualrealityforlifeskillseducationprogramevaluation”Deafness＆Educa-tionInternationalvol．6no．12004pp．39－50．瑐瑩、、《ADHD—》《》20124。瑑瑠《》《》20083。瑑瑡A．A．ＲizzoJ．G．BuckwalterL．Humphreyetal“TheVirtualClassroomAVirtualEnvironmentfortheAssessmentandＲehabilitationofAttentionDeficits”Cyberpsychology＆Behaviorvol．3no．32000pp．483－499．瑑瑢J．M．LeeandB．H．Cho“AStudyontheSystemforTreatmentofADHDUsingVirtualＲeality”AnnualＲeportsoftheＲesearchＲeactorInstituteKyotoKyotoUniversityvol．44no．12001pp．3754－3763．瑑瑣Ｒ．M．CostaLA．deCarvalhoＲ．Drummoudetal“TheUFＲJUEＲJGroupInterdisciplinaryVirtualＲealityExperi-mentsinNeuropsychiatry”Cyberpsychology＆Behaviorvol．5no．52002pp．423－431．瑑瑤B．H．ChoD．S．KimD．S．Shinetal“NeurofeedbackTrainingwithVirtualＲealityforInattentionandImpulsive-ness”Cyberpsychology＆Behaviorvol．7no．52002pp．519－526．瑑瑥、、《———》《》20091。瑑瑦D．A．Strickland“AVirtualＲealityApplicationwithAutisticChildren”PresenceTeleoperatorsandVirtualEnvironmentsvol．5no．21996pp．319－329．瑑瑧D．MooreY．ChengP．McGrathetal“CollaborativeVirtualEnvironmentTechnologyforPeopleWithAutism”FocusonAutismandOtherDevelopmentalDisabilitiesvol．20no．42005pp．231－243．瑑瑨H．ZhuY．SunJ．Zengetal“MirrorNeuralTrainingInducedbyVirtualＲealityinBraincomputerInterfacesmayProvideaPromisingApproachfortheAutismTherapy”MedicalHypothesesvol．762011pp．646－647．瑑瑩《》《》20105。瑒瑠S．Yalon－ChamovitzP．L．Weiss“VirtualＲealityasaLeisureActivityforYoungAdultswithPhysicalandIntellectualDisabilities”ＲesearchinDevelopmentalDisabilitiesvol．29no．32008pp．273－287．瑒瑡Y．P．WuangC．S．ChiangC．Y．Suetal“EffectivenessofVirtualＲealityUsingWiiGamingTechnologyinChildrenwithDownSyndrome”ＲesearchinDevelopmentalDisabilitiesvol．32no．12011pp．312－321．瑒瑢E．A．AttreeC．PsycholB．M．Brooksetal“GuestEditorialUseofVirtualEnvironmentinTrainingandＲehabilita-tionInternationalPerspectives”CyberPsychology＆BehaviorVol．8no．32005pp．185－186．瑒瑣A．M．CookandS．M．Hussey《》2007101。瑒瑤、《》《》20062。瑒瑥、、《》《》20062。瑒瑦《》《》200911。04