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课程设计题目：水质工程学课程设计学院：市政与环境工程学院专业：给水排水工程姓名：学号：指导老师：完成时间：2014年6月前言给水处理厂由泵房、化学剂投加设备、水处理构筑物、储存成品水的清水池以及化验室等建筑物所组成。水处理构筑物是改善水质的主要设施。采用的处理过程和构造形式是由原水和供水水质以及当地工程状况和经济条件决定的。以去除悬浮杂质为主的水厂，一般采用混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒的处理工艺。原水进入水厂后投加混凝剂并迅速混和，接着缓慢搅动水流，使混凝剂产生的反应物和悬浮杂质结成容易沉降的絮状颗粒，在沉淀池中和水流分离。水流再经过滤，即清澈可用。混凝沉淀和过滤虽能消除一部分微生物，但远不能达到生活饮用水的细菌标准。在城市水厂和供生活用水的给水站,水流进入清水池时，还须投加消毒剂,进行消毒。沉淀和过滤中分离出来的污泥要妥善处理和处置以免污染环境。当原水浊度较低时(如湖水)，水厂流程可以从简，原水投加混凝剂后可直接过滤，省去絮凝和沉淀。如原水浊度较高或含沙较多时，则需增加预处理，去除易沉颗粒。当原水水质特殊，典型的处理流程（见图）不能使成品水质量达到要求时，还需针对水质选用其他处理过程，如曝气、除铁、除锰、预氯化(除色、臭)、气浮(除藻)、软化(见水的软化)、活性炭吸附（去除有机物）以及咸水淡化和水质稳定处理（控制水垢及腐蚀见沉积物控制、腐蚀控制）。ⅡForwordFromthepumpingstationtothewatertreatmentplant,chemicaldosingequipment,watertreatmentstructures,finishedwaterstoragetankandcleanlaboratoriesandotherbuildingsformed.Watermainstructureistoimprovewaterqualityfacilities.Treatmentprocessandthestructureisusedintheformofrawwaterandthequalityofwateraswellaslocalconditionsandeconomicconditionsengineeringdecisions.Toremovesuspendedimpuritiesconsistingmainlyofwater,usuallybycoagulation,sedimentation,filtrationanddisinfectiontreatmentprocess.Aftertherawwaterenteringthewaterandtherapidmixingofcoagulant,followedbyslowstirringthewater,sothatthecoagulantandtheresultingreactionwassuspendedimpuritiessettlingflocparticlesareeasilyformed,andthewaterseparatedinthesedimentationtank.Waterandthenfiltered,theclearavailable.Althoughcoagulationsedimentationandfiltrationcaneliminatepartofthemicro-organisms,butfarshortofthestandardoflivingbacteriaindrinkingwater.Whenthecitywaterworksandwatersupplyfordomesticwaterstation,waterflowintothecleanwatertank,dosingmustdisinfectantfordisinfection.Sedimentationandfiltrationseparatedsludgetoproperlyhandleanddisposeoftoavoidenvironmentalcontamination.Whentherawwaterturbidityislow(suchaswater),waterflowcanbesimple,rawwaterafteraddingcoagulantdirectfiltration,flocculationandsedimentationomitted.Suchashigherrawwaterturbidityorsedimentmore,youneedtoincreasethepre-treatmenttoremoveheavyparticleseasily.Whentherawwaterqualityspecial,typicalprocessflow(seeFigure)cannotmakethefinishedwaterqualitytomeettherequirements,theneedforwateruseotherprocesses,suchasaeration,iron,manganese,pre-chlorination(exceptforcolor,smell),flotation(algae),softening(seesoftenedwater),activatedcarbonadsorption(removaloforganicmatter)andstablewaterdesalinationandwatertreatment(seesedimentcontrolscaleandcorrosioncontrol,erosioncontrol).Ⅲ目录1绪论............................................................11.1设计任务......................................................21.2设计资料......................................................21.3设计任务......................................................22净水厂设计......................................................42.1水厂规模......................................................42.2净水工艺流程的确定............................................42.3处理构筑物及设备型式选择......................................43净水厂计算......................................................43.1混凝剂的制备与投加............................................63.1.1溶液池....................................................63.1.2溶解池....................................................63.1.3药剂仓库..................................................73.1.4投药管....................................................73.1.5加药间....................................................73.2混合设备的设计................................................73.2.1设计流量..................................................83.2.2设计流速..................................................83.2.3混合单元数................................................83.2.4混合时间..................................................83.2.5水头损失..................................................83.2.6校核GT值.................................................83.3隔板絮凝池的设计..............................................93.3.1设计参数..................................................93.3.2设计计算..................................................9Ⅳ3.3.3水头损失.................................................103.3.4水力校核.................................................113.4斜管沉淀池的设计.............................................123.4.1设计参数.................................................113.4.2设计计算.................................................113.4.3集水系统.................................................113.4.4排泥系统.................................................113.4.5水力校核.................................................113.5普通快滤池的设计.............................................123.5.1设计参数.................................................113.5.2设计计算.................................................113.5.3洗砂排水槽...............................................113.5.4废水渠...................................................113.5.5配水系统.................................................113.5.6配气系统.................................................113.6消毒的设计...................................................123.6.1加药量的确定.............................................113.6.2加氯间的布置.............................................113.7其他设计..................................