2017.11.26“begoingto”结构一、“begoingto”表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、安排要做的事。它是一般将来时的一种表达形式,其后常有表示将来的时间状语。如:tomorrow,nextweek等。例如:Wearegoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.明天我们将去踢足球。二、构成:begoingto+动词原形。在begoingto结构中,be随主语人称和数的变化而变化,而goingto固定不变。例如:Heisgoingtocleantheclassroomtomorrow.Theyaregoingtocleantheclassroomtomorrow.三、句式变化:begoingto结构的句式变化都可在be上完成。变疑问句时,将be提至主语之前;变否定句在be后加not。例如:Theyarenotgoingtohaveapicnicnextweek.下星期他们将不去野餐。Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicnextweek?下星期他们将去野餐吗?Whataretheygoingtodonextweek?下星期他们打算干什么?四、“begoingto+动词原形”的用法。1.表示主语打算、安排在最近或将来要做某事或出现的某种状态。这种主观意图,一般已做过事先安排,故其实现的可能性较大,其主语常是人。例如:WearegoingtoswimnextSunday.下星期天我们打算去游泳。(已打算好下星期天去游泳)2.表示根据现有情况、某种迹象,判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图,只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测,此时主语可以是人,也可以是物。例如:Look!It’sgoingtorain.看!天要下雨了。(可能根据天气闷热、雷声隆隆等迹象判断天要下雨)I’mnotfeelingwell,I’mgoingtobeill.我感觉不是很好,可能要生病了。(仅表示说话人的一种感觉而已)3.若“begoingto+动词原形”这一结构中的动词是go时,此时动词go可以省去。例如:Theyaregoingto(goto)theparknextFriday.下星期五他们打算去公园。4.“begoingto+动词原形”结构与表示将来的时间状语是否连用,在意思上有所差别。如果其后有明确的时间状语,则表示该动作或状态发生的可能性较大;反之,则表示一种推测,表示未来可能发生的事情。例如:Thereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.今晚我们学校将有一场电影。(一定会发生)Hurryup!Wearegoingtobelate.快点!我们要迟到了。(仅表示一种推测)词语辨析begoingto,will二者均可用来表示将来某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态,但在实际运用中它们是有区别的:A.begoingto通常指人们事先经过考虑、安排要做的事情,而will则单纯表示将来,与主语在主观上没有任何关系。例:1)We'renotgoingtohaveanyclassesnestweek.下周我们将不上课。(事先安排好的。)2)There'ssomeoneatthedoor.I'llgoandopenit.。有人敲门,我要去开。(并非事先安排而是临时决定的。)B.如果说话人根据某种迹象推测将要发生的事,只能用begoingto,而will多指说话人主观认为或者相信将会发生的事。例:1)Lookatthoseclouds!It'sgoingtorain.看那些云彩!要下雨了。2)Ithinkitwillrain.我认为要下雨了。C.若是表示不以人们的意志为转移的客观规律和普遍事实,必须用will,而不用begoingto。例:1)Peoplewon'tlivewithoutwater.没有水,人就不会生存。2)TomorrowwillbeThursday.明天是星期四。D.在口语里问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气的邀请和命令时,应用will,而不用begoingto。例:1)Willyougowithus?你和我们一起去好吗?2)Willyounotpleaseclosethedoor?请你别把门关上好吗?E.在含有条件状语从句的复合句里,如果表示主句的动作即将发生或状态即将存在,一般用will,而不用begoingto。例:1)We'llgoshoppingifitdoesn'traintomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我们就去买东西。2)Ifyoujumpthequeue,otherpeoplewillnotbepleased.要是你不按次序排队,别的人会不高兴的。[练习]用begoingto和will填空:1.He_______bethirty-fivethistimenextyear.2.They______getmarriednextmonth.3.You_____misstheearlytrainifyoudon'tgosoon.4._____youhelpmewithEnglish?一般将来时专项练习一、单项选择。()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.–________you________freetomorrow?–No.I________freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()11.He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogive()13.He________inthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()18.Tomorrowhe________akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen________boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.aregoingtowatch()24.________yourbrother________amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrowC.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows()26.It________theyearofthehorsenextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis()30.Thetrain________at11.A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving二、动词填空。1.I______(leave)inaminute.I______(finish)allmyworkbeforeI______(leave).2.—Howlong_____you_____(study)inourcountry?—I_____(plan)tobehereforaboutonemoreyear.—I_____(hope)tovisittheotherpartsofyourcountry.—What______you______(do)afteryou______(leave)here?—I______(return)homeand______(get)ajob.3.I______(be)tired.I______(go)tobedearlytonight.4.Mary’sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother_____(give)herapresent.5.Itisverycoldthesedays.It______(snow)soon.6.—_____you_____(be)herethisSaturday?—No.I______(visit)myteacher.7.—______I______(get)youacopyoftoday’snewspaper?—Thankyou.8.Iamafraidthere______(be)ameetingthisafternoon.Ican’tjoinyou.9.Mike______(believe,not)thisuntilhe______(see)itwithhisowneyes.10.Mostofusdon’tthinktheirteam______(win).三、句型转换。1.Peopleinthenorthoftengoskatinginwinter.(nextwinter)2.Therearetwocinemasinthattown.(nextyear)3.Hecomesbacklate.(intwodays)4.Sheisaconductorofatrain.(soon)5.LiMingistenyearsold.(nextyear)6.Isometimeswritetomymotherintheevening.(tonight)7.Hewenttherebyplane.(somedaynextyear)8.Chinaisamodernandstrongcountry.(intwentyyears)9.Doyoustudyhard?(fromnowon)10.Shedidn’tspeakEnglishatthemeeting.(beforelong)