第1页共2页so…that、such…that、sothat的用法so…that…和such…that…引导的分句都是结果状语从句,sothat既可以引导目的状语从句,也可以引导结果状语从句。一、so...that...句型中的so是副词,常常用来修饰形容词或副词,意思是“如此/这么……以致于……”1.常用句型为:主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句。TheboyransofastthatIcouldn'tcatchhim.Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.2.so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句。例如:Shemadesogoodamealthatweallatefartoomuch.她做的饭菜那么好吃,结果我们都吃得太多了。ItwassogoodanexhibitionthatIwenttoseeitseveraltimes.展览是那么好,结果我就去看了好几次。Itwassofineadayyesterdaythatweallwentoutforapicnic.昨天天气很好,我们都出去野餐了。3.so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词+that从句。当名词前有many、much、few、little(少)等词修饰时,句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。例如:I’vehadsomanyfallsthatI’mblackandblueallover.我跌了那么多跤,全身跌得青一块,紫一块的。Therewassomuchworktodothateverybodygotbored.有这么多的事要做,人人都感到厌烦了。Therewassolittlewaterinthejarthatitwasnotenoughforallofus.缸里的水太少,不够我们这些人用的。(注:当little的意思是“小”时,仍用such...that...)二、在such...that...句型中,such修饰名词,意思也是“如此……以致于……”。such…that…引导四种不同的句子结构:1.such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句。例如:Thisissuchagoodbookthatallofuslikeitverymuch.这是一本很好的书,我们大家都喜欢读一读。Itwassuchafinedaythatnobodywantedtostayathome.天气这么好,没有人愿意呆在家里不出去。ItwassuchaninterestingfilmthatIsawittwice.这是一部很有意思的电影,我看了两次。2.such+形容词+复数名词+that从句。例如:Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchhisknees.他的胳膊很长,几乎就能够到他的膝盖。Theyaresuchgoodstudentsthattheteacherlikesthem.他们都是很好的学生,老师喜欢他们。3.such+(形容词)+不可数名词+that从句,例如:Itwassuchfineweatheryesterdaythatwewentswimming.昨天天气很好,我们去游泳了。4.one(no,any,all,many,some,several,等)+such+可数名词+that从句。例如:TherearemanysuchgoodbooksthatIcan’tdecidewhichonetochoose.有这么多的好书,我无法决定选择哪一本。Hegaveusseveralsuchexamplesaboutthephrasethatweunderstooditprettywell.关于这个短语,他举了好几个这样的例句,我们终于完全弄懂了。三、sothat既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句.引导目的状语从句时可译为为了,引导结果状语从句时可译为以便如:Ispeakloudlysothatallthestudentscanhearmeclearly.(目的状语从句)Marialikesthewoolendresssothatshedecidestobuyitimmediately.(结果状语从句)(1)sothat引导目的状语从句时,表示“以便;为了”,从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词或助动词;引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用can和may等词。(2)Sothat引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号,而sothat引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往有逗号相隔开(即略作停顿),意思是“因此;所以”。请比较:Heworkedhardathislessonssothathecouldgainhighgradesintheexams.他努力学习功课,争取考试能获得好成绩。Heworkedhardathislessons,sothathegainedhighgradesintheexams.他努力学习,结果考试获得了好成绩。四、“so…that…”和“such…that…”可以相互转换第2页共2页1.她非常诚实,大家都信赖她。Sheissohonestthateverybodytrustsher.→Sheissuchanhonestgirlthateverybodytrustsher.→Sheissohonestagirlthateverybodytrustsher.2.当主句和从句的主语一致,且that从句是肯定句时,可用“enoughtodosth.”来转换。例如:Themanissostrongthathecanlifttheheavybox,→Themanisstrongenoughtolifttheheavybox.HewassocleverthathecanunderstandwhatIsaid.→HewascleverenoughtounderstandwhatIsaid.3.当主句和从句的主语不一致,且that从句是肯定句时,可以用“enoughforsb.todosth.”来替换,但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如:ThequestionissoeasythatIcanworkitout.→Thequestioniseasyenoughformetoworkout.Theboxissolightthathecancarryit.→Theboxislightenoughforhimtocarry.4.当主句和从句的主语一致,且that从句是否定句时,可以用:“too…to…”来替换。例如:Thegirlissoyoungthatshecan’tdressherself.→Thegirlistooyoungtodressherself.IwassotiredthatIcouldn’tgoonwiththework.→Iwastootiredtogoonwiththework.5.当主句和从句的主语不一致,且that从句是否定句时,如果要用“too…to...”替换“so…that…”,则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语,可以用“too..forsb.todosth.”来替换,注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如:Thebagissoheavythatshecan’tmoveit.→Thebagistooheavyforhertomove.Itissohotthatwecan’tsleep.→Itistoohotforustosleep.6.可将so和such移至句首,再将主句的主、谓语倒装,以示强调。例如:Itissohotthatwedon”twanttogoout.→Sohotisitthatwedon”twanttogoout.(天气太热,我们不想出去。)Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.→Suchanexcellentspeechdidhemakethateveryoneadmiredhim.(他作了如此精彩的演讲,人们都钦佩他。)7.somany/much…that…可转换为suchalotof…that…。例如:Therearesomanypeopleintheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.→Therearesuchalotofpeopleintheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.(房间里人太多,我们进不去。)8.sofew/little…that…可转换为suchafew/alittle…that…。例如:Sofewpeoplecamethatthemeetinghadtobeputoff.→Suchafewpeoplecamethatthemeetinghadtobeputoff.(人来得这么少,会议不得不推迟。)补充内容:英语里可以用to,inorderto,soasto或sothat,inorderthat来表示目的。区别是:1)to,inorderto,soasto引导的是目的状语短语,构成简单句;2)sothat,inorderthat引导的是目的状语从句,构成复合句,并且从句中谓语动词常与can,could,may,might等情态动词连用。如:Hegotupearlyto/inorderto/soastocatchthefirstbus.他早起为了赶上第一趟车。Speakclearlysothateverybodycanunderstandyou.请说清楚一点,这样每个人都能听懂。注意:1)sothat和inorderthat的区别:sothat引导的从句只能放在主句之后,而inorderthat引导的从句既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。另外,sothat还可引导结果状语从句,意为“因此,结果”,但inorderthat不能。例如:Hewasveryhumoroussothatwelikedhimverymuch.他非常幽默,因此我们非常喜欢他。