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Unit9Whenwasitinvented?安仁初中娄丽花calculatorinvention发明可数名词及物动词：invent发明，创造，指事物从无到有。（近义词discover：发现，指事物从未知到已知。）名词:inventor发明者,发明家应用：用invent和discover的正确形式填空1Edisonthelight.2Thesecretbyhim.wasdiscovered被谁发明介词by意为被、由、靠invented短语:beinventedbysbegThenewmachinewasinventedbyus.短语:beinventedin/on+年/日于何时被发明eg1Thecomputerwasinventedin1976.2ThiskindoftoywasinventedonJanuary1st,1999..1a123451bListenandmatchtheinventionswiththedates.abedc18761885192719711976dabecT:What’sthiscalledinEnglish?S:It’scalledatelephone.T:Isitaninvention?T:Whenwasthetelephoneinvented?S:Itwasinventedin1876.T:Whowasitinventedby?S:ItwasinventedbyBell.S:Yes,itis.1907WrightT:What’sthiscalledinEnglish？S:It’scalledaTV.T:Isitaninvention?S:Yes,itis.T:WhenwastheTVinvented?S:Itwasinventedin1927T:Whowasitinventedby?S:ItwasinventedbyBaird.1885Karl.Bens1976CrayErik1905Edison1879Joseph1827AnEnglishman1880sLuBan’swife4000yearsagowasinvented:被发明结构:be(am/is/are/was/were)+动词的过去分词语态:被动语态(thePassiveVoice)英语根据其谓语动词与主语的关系分为两种语态即主动语态(TheActiveVoice)和被动语态(thePassiveVoice).主动语态表示主语是动作执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。am/are/is+动词的过去分词：一般现在时的被动语态was/were+动词的过去分词：一般过去时的被动语态主动句与被动句之间的转换Weboughtsomebooks.主语谓语动词主动语态的过去式宾语Somebookswerebought(byus)主语谓语动词被动语态的过去分词介词+宾语主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：1把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。2把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。3原主动句的主语如需要，则放在by后面，以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。4其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。练习：请把下列的主动句变为被动句（注意时态的一致）1Hewroteanarticlelastweek.Anarticlewaswrittenbyhimlastweek.2Thepeoplemakehistory.Historyismadebypeople.3DopeopleuseChineseonlyinChina?IsChineseusedbypeopleonlyinChina?4Theydidn’tvisitthecitytwoyearsago.Thecitywasn’tvisitedbythemtwoyearsago.5Wheredidyoumakethem?Whereweretheymadebyyou?被动语态的几种类型1、有一个宾语的句子的被动语态主动句主语（S）+谓语（V）+宾语（O）被动句主语（原O）+be+过去分词+by+宾语(原S之宾格形式）Hecopiedothers’homework.(主动句)Others’homeworkwascopiedbyhim.(被动句)Thegirlopenedapresent.(主动句)Apresentwasopenedbythegirl.(被动句)练习:2、有两个宾语的句子的被动语态主动句主语（S)+谓语V）+间接宾语(IO）+直接宾语（DO）被动句1主语（原IO）+be+过去分词+原DO+by+原主语之宾格Theteachershowedmeapicture.(主动句)Iwasshownapicturebytheteacher.(被动句1)被动句2主语（原DO）+be+过去分词+to/for+原IO+by+原主语之宾格Apicturewasshowntomebytheteacher.(被动句2)有两种被动语态的一些动词:buy买give给pay支付teach教授tell告诉show展示lend借出通常用直接宾语作被动语态的主语一些动词:bring拿来do做make制作pass传递sell卖send送、寄sing唱write写Abikewaslenttome(byhim).Iwaslentabike(byhim).Aletterwaswrittentoher(byherson).合习惯Shewaswrittenaletter(byherson).不合习惯3含有宾语补足语的被动语态主动句主语（S）+谓语动词（V）+宾语（O）+宾语补足语（C）被动句主语（原O）+be+过去分词+宾语补足语（C）+by+原主语之宾格Theymakethecitymorebeautiful.(主动句)Thecitywasmademorebeautifulbythem.(被动句)Hesawagirlcrossthestreet.(主动句)Agirlwasseentocrossthestreetbyhim.(被动句)注意：在主动句中see，watch，hear，make等后+宾语+动词原形的结构变为被动句时一律在see，watch，hear，make等后加上to。练习1Wehearbirdssingeverymorning.Birdsareheardtosingbyuseverymorning.2Hisfathermadehimstayathome.Hewasmadetostayathomebyhisfather.练习：请把下列主动句变为被动句1Thewomanaskedthepolicemanforhelp.2TheoldmanonTVtellsastoryonSunday.3Dotheyusetheboxasatable?4Shesentmeacollectionlastweek.5DidLilybuyhersisterahat?6Weoftenhearhimplaytheviolinathome.7Thelazyboydidn’twashclothesyesterday.8Studentslistentothekindteachercarefully.9Whendidyourfathertakeyoutothepark.HOMEWORKGoodbye