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不定代词•不定代词不是指确定的对象,而且仅具有非确定特指含义,通常用作替代词.常用的不定代词有:all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no,以及由some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.1.All“所有”,谈到三个或三个以上的人或物时以及在谈到不可数的事物时.当作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数形式;当作主语指物时,谓语动词用单数形式;当作定语时,它既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词.•AllofusareinterestedinEnglish.•Allisgoingwell.•Theyallwentthereandboughtsomebookslastweek.•Hetoldmeallaboutit.注意:Allofusarenotstudents.是”我们大家并不都是学生”之意.暗示:我们当中有一些是学生,有一些不是.句型Notall…或为All…not不完全否定句.•当all用作主语时,如果后面有人称代词,须在他们之间加上of,如果后面跟的是名词,他们之间可加of,也可不加.•AllofthemarefromBeijing.•Allthestudents/Allofthestudentshavepassedtheexam.All的位置：当谓语动词是实义动词时，all放在动词前面；谓语动词是be时，放在be后面；当谓语动词是情态动词或助动词加实义动词时，放在他们之间。Theyallknowtheanswer.Theyareallwomen.Theyhaveallfinishedtheirhomework.YoucanallcometoseemeagainnextMonday.当all用作人称代词宾语的同位语时,all放在宾语后面.如:youall,themallusall.•none意为”没有一个人或东西”,在句中可以作主语,宾语及同位语,但它不能作定语.1.---Arethereanymapsonthewalll?---None2.IlikenoneofthesebooksNoneof后面只能接可数名词复数,但谓语动词用单,复数均可,强调整体时谓语动词常用复数,强调个体时谓语动词常用单数.Noneofthesepicturesare/isgood.Noneofthemlikeit.Noneofushasgotacar.注意:回答howmany或howmuch问句时通常用none回答.---Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?---None.---Whoisintheclassroom?---Noone/Nobodyeach和every•Each强调个体,every强调整体.可以用作主语,宾语及同位语,every只能作定语.Everystudenthasgotanewpen.Eachteacheriswearingahattoday.Weeachhaveanewschoolbagnow.Hegavetwotoeachofthem.each和every均可作定语,后面的名词只能是单数可数名词,谓语动词只能用单数.eachof后面必须接复数名词,但谓语动词只能用单数形式.EachofthegirlsisgoodatEnglish.everyotherday每隔一天both,either和neither•both表示“两者都…”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,可以构成both…and的句型•Bothofusaredoctors.•Youarebothwrong.•BoththestudentsareAmerican•Bothyouandheareright.bothof…的否定式是Neitherof…,BothofthemcomefromJapan.NeitherofthemcomesfromJapan•either表示两者中的任何一个,在句中可用作主语,宾语和定语,用作定语时后面只接单数名词.1.---Wouldyoulikeacupofteaoraglassofwater?---Eitherwilldo.2.Therearemanytreesoneithersideoftheriver.either可以构成either…or…,表示或者…或者…,要么…要么…EitherTomorJackwillstayathometommow.either还可以作副词,意为”也”,用在否定句中.•Neither表示两者都不,在句中可作主语,宾语和定语,作定语时只能接单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数.1.Neitherofthestudentsisfifteen.2.---DoyouknowJackandTom?---No,Iknowneitherofthem.3.---Whataboutthetwobooks?---Neitherbookisinteresting.neither…nor…表示既不…也不…,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与后面的名词或代词一致.both…and…的否定式是Neither…nor…,NeitheryounorshespeaksJapanese.BothMr.LiandMrs.ZhangareOK.NeitherMr.LinorMrs.ZhangisOK.Little,alittle和few,afew•Littlefew表示”很少,几乎没有,”alittle,afew表示”有一些”.Little和alittle后接不可数名词,few和afew后接可数名词复数.他们在句中可作主语,宾语和定语.•IhaveafewbooksbutIhavefewpencils.•---CanyouspeakEnglish?•---Yes,Icanspeakalittle.•Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,isthere?当句子前面有only时,后面只能用alittle和afew,即:onlyafew=veryfew(几乎没有几个),onlyalittle=verylittle(几乎没有,很少)HecanspeakonlyalittleChinese.other和another•Other”别的,其他的”.当它前面有定冠词时,后面跟一个单数或复数名词,当它前面没有定冠词时,后面必须跟复数名词.•Thisseatisfree,theotherseatistaken.•Shealwaysthinksofotherpeopleandneverthinksofherself•Another意思是”另外一个,再一个”,another前面不能用定冠词the,它作为限定词与单数名词连用,但它后面跟基数词或few时,后面的名词必须用复数.•Pleasegivemeanotherumbrella.Thisoneistooold.•Weneedanothertenchairs.•WeneedanotherfewdaysbeforeIfinishthisbook.•分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是one…another…thethird…thefourth…•Shehasfourbooks.oneisanEnglishbook,anotherisahistoryone,thethirdisaphysicsone,andthefourthisapicture-book.•分述两样东西或人时,常用句型”one…theother”•Shehastwosons.Oneisaworker,theotheriaafarmer.some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.•当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.•Everybodyishere,aren’tthey?•Everythingisready,isn’tit?•当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.•Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.•Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse?everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;everyone既可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用.Everyone/EveryonelikesMary.Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.