Review主格宾格…的Imemyhehimhissheherheritititsweusourtheythemtheiryouyouyour名词性…的反身代词minemyselfhishimselfhersherselfitsitselfoursourselvestheirstheirselvesyoursyourselvesWhatdoyouusuallydoattheweekend?Lesson67Theweekend本课内容•单词学习•课文讲解•语法:一般过去时和否定疑问句•练习•作业1单词学习•greengrocern.蔬菜水果零售商•absentadj.缺席的•Mondayn.星期一•Tuesdayn.星期二•Wednesdayn.星期三•Thursdayn.星期四•keepv.(身体健康)处于(状况)•spendv.度过•weekendn.周末•Fridayn.星期五•Saturdayn.星期六•Sundayn.星期日•countryn.乡村•luckyadj.幸运的★greengrocern.蔬菜水果零售商•在英文中,表示店铺、住宅、公共机构、公共建筑物以及教堂的名字或某人家时,名词所有格后常不出现它所修饰的名词:atthegreengrocer'satthebutcher'satthedentist'satthehairdresser'satthestationer’satmymother‘s在蔬菜水果店在肉店里在理发店在文具店在牙医的诊所在我妈妈家翻译:这周五我将在我妈妈家住。•Iamgoingtostayatmymother'sthisFriday.他们这周末要在她爷爷家住。•Theyaregoingtostayathergrandfather'sthisweekend.★absentadj.缺席的•beabsentfrom不在,缺席beabsentfromschool缺课beabsentfromwork旷工她不喜欢上学,所以她经常缺课。Shedoesn’tlikeschool,sosheisoftenabsentfromschool.•present出席的bepresentat···出席···场合★keepv.(身体健康)处于(状况);保存,保留保守;储藏•处于;保持Keepthefireburning.让火一直燃烧。Keepquiet.保持安静。•保住Hewouldnotbeabletokeephisjob.他保不住自己的工作了。•保存,保管WouldyoukeepmythingsformewhileI’maway?当我离开的时候,你能为我保管一下我的东西吗?★spendv.度过①v.花(时间等);度过•spend+n.度过我们要在我妈妈家呆几天。Wearegoingtospendseveraldaysatmymother’s.我想这周末在乡下度假。Iwanttospendmyholidayinthecountrythisweekend.②v.用(钱),花费•spend时间/金钱+on+sth.女人都花很多钱来买衣服。Womenspendalotofmoneyonclothes.孩子们花费很多时间上网。ChildrenspendalotoftimeonInternet.•spend时间/金钱+(in)doingsth.在会上,经理用两个小时来解释这个计划。Themanagerspent2hoursexplainingtheplanatthemeeting.区别spend,cost,take,pay•spend的主语必须是“人”,宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等,其后用on(for)+名词或用in(可省略)+动名词形式,不接不定式。如:Hespentalotofmoneyforthisnewcar.他花了很多钱买了这辆新车。•cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”,表示“费用”、“耗费”,后接life,money,health,time等,侧重于“花费”的代价。如:Thebookcosthimonedollar.这本书用了他一美元。•注意:cost后不能与具体的时间长度连用,只能与表示抽象概念的时间短语连用。如:sometime,muchtime,tenyearsofhardwork等。可说Itcosthimtenyearsofwork.不可说Itcosthimtenyearstowork.•take表示“花费”时,其主语一般是“一件事”,它说明事情完成“花费了……”。固定句型为Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.如:Ittookmetenminutestogotothepostoffice.到邮局用去了我十分钟时间。•说明:take…todosth.句型侧重完成该动作花费的时间,而spend…doingsth.有时并不说明动作的完成。如:Ittookhimanhourtoreadthebook.他用一小时读完了这本书。Hespentanhour(in)readingthebook.他用了一小时读这本书。(是否读完并未说明)区别spend,cost,take,pay•pay的基本意思是“支付”,人做主语,作为及物动词,宾语可以是“人”、“钱”。如:Hepaidthetaxiandhurriedtothestation.他付了出租车的钱,急忙向车站赶去。We’llpayyoufortherentinafewdays.几天内我会给你房租。区别spend,cost,take,pay用pay,spend,take,cost的正确形式填空•EverymorninghehalfanhouronEnglish.•Makingexperimentslikethismuchtimeandlabour.•Itmetenminutestowalktoschool.•Theyhadtotwohundreddollars.spendscosttakespay★countryn.乡村①n.国家;国土;故乡•India,aformerBritishcolony,isnowafullyindependentcountry.曾一度为英国殖民地的印度如今已是一个完全独立的国家。②n.乡下,乡村•country表示“农村”时,前面一定要加定冠词the。③adj.乡下的;乡村风味的•Iprefercountrylifetolifeinthecity.乡村生活与城市生活相比,我更喜欢乡村生活。•Afternearlythirtyyearsinthecity,he’sstillcountry.他在城里住了将近三十年,可还是土气十足。★luckyadj.幸运的•①adj.有好运的,幸运的她能得到这样一个报酬优厚的工作真幸运。Shewasluckytogetsuchawell-paidjob.•②adj.侥幸的,碰巧的他并非真知道答案——那不过是个侥幸的猜测。Hedidn’treallyknowtheanswer-itwasjustaluckyguess.他碰巧在这儿。It’sluckyhe’shere.Luckydog幸运儿2课文讲解Listentothetapethenanswerthequestions.3.Grammar一般过去时态否定疑问句一般过去时•表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常与justnow,yesterday,lastyear,atthattime,afewdaysago等时间状语连用。eg.Ireceivedastrangephonecallyesterday.昨天我接到一个奇怪的电话。•表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作,常与always,usually,often,sometimes,never等时间状语连用eg.Heusuallywenttothecinemalastyear.去年他经常去电影院看电影。一般过去时•表示过去某个特定时间一次完成的具有先后顺序的几个动作,一般不出现表示过去的时间状语,需要通过情景断定eg.Igotupearly,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.我早早起了床,洗完脸,迅速吃完早饭,就匆忙上学去了。•注意:•1.表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结。如:Heopenedthedoor,rushedoutandthendisappeared.他打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了。•2.注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。如:—Yourphonenumberagain?Ididn’tquitecatchit.请再说一次你的电话号码,好吗?我刚才没听清楚。—It’s2566666.是2566666。一般过去时对谓语动词的要求•一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。即一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:一般过去时对谓语动词的要求•(1)一般在动词后加-ed。①清辅音后面加ed,读[t]asked②浊辅音或元音后面加ed,读[d]cleaned③d/t+ed,读[id]dusted•(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked,provide—provided,hate—hated,date—dated。一般过去时对谓语动词的要求•(3)在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed。如:supply—supplied,fly—flied,study—studied.•(4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned,refer—referred,regret—regretted,ban—banned.一般过去时动词不规则变化•do-did,see-saw,say-said•give-gave,get-got,go-went,•come-came,have-had,eat-ate,•take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,•put-put,make-made,read-read,•write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,•sweep-swept,buy-bought,swim-swam,一般过去时动词不规则变化•sit-satbring--broughtcan-could•cut-cutbecome-becamebegin-began•draw-drewfeel-feltfind-found•forget-forgothear-heardkeep-kept•know-knewleave-leftlose-lost•read-readsleep-sleptspeak-spokebeamisarewaswerewas现在式:过去式:be动词的过去式是was、are是weredo的过去式是did•肯定句:主语+was/were/v(e)d+yesterday/justnow•否定句:主语+wasn’t/weren’t主语+didn’t+V(原形)•一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+…?Did+主语+V(原形)+…?•回答:Yes,主语+was/were/did.No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t/didn’t•1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be动词时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:Iwastenyearsoldatthattime.→Wereyoutenyearsoldatthattime?•陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般过去时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加did,主语后的实义动词用原形。如:Iwenttoschoolyesterday.→Didyougotoschoolyesterday?--Wereyouats