专题2第1讲 时态、语态和语气剖析

第一讲时态、语态和语气二、通关点击——原则这样解读有些题目本身就带有明确的时间状语，要学会利用这些时间状语来解题。1．看到always,everytime,nowandthen,often,seldom,sometimes,usually等表示频率的时间状语，要想到用一般现在时；2．看到yesterday,lastweek,twodaysago,theotherday,in1998，时间段＋later等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时；3．看到tomorrow,nextyear,inaweek等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时；4．看到thenextday/morning,thenext/followingweek/month/year等时间状语，要想到用过去将来时；5．看到allthetime,now,at4o’clock,atthismoment,atpresent等时间状语，要想到用现在进行时；6．看到atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,atfiveyesterday,thewholemorning等时间状语，要想到用过去进行时；7．看到atthistimetomorrow,from1：30to4：30tomorrow等时间状语，要想到用将来进行时；8．看到since,recently,lately,already,in/for/duringthelast/pastfewyears,sofar,uptonow,duringthepast/last＋时间段等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时；9．看到bythattime,bytheendof＋过去时间，before2000，bythetime＋一般过去时的从句，要想到用过去完成时；10．看到bythetime＋一般现在时的从句，bytheendof＋将来时间的名词，by＋将来时间名词等时间状语，要想到用将来完成时。基本定义最重要考查动词的各种时态一、示之以范——原则这样运用1．(2016·潍坊统考)Dr.Barone____________(operate)onpeoplewithalltypesofbirthdefects.Shealsogoestoothercountrieswherepeoplecan’taffordthistreatmentandhelpsthemforfree.operates4．(天津高考)Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkers________________(repair)oneofthemainpipes.arerepairing时间状语很有效一、示之以范——原则这样运用1．(2016·北京高考单项填空，23)—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We____________________(wait)hereformorethantwohours.havebeenwaiting2．(2016·浙江高考单项填空，9)Silk____________(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.hadbecome3．(2015·北京高考单项填空，26)Inthelastfewyears,China____________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.hasmade4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Thiscycle_________(go)dayafterday：Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.goes平行谓语做参考一、示之以范——原则这样运用1．(2016·福建五校统考)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinschools.Studentsshowedtheirfearandparentsandteachersalso__________(express)theirgreatconcernaboutit.expressed2．Playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso____________(give)usasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.gives3．Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnotapleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor____________(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.pushed二、通关点击——原则这样解读1．看到nosooner...than...或hardly...when...，要想到主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；Hardlyhadthespeakerfinishedhisspeechwhentheaudiencekeptaskinghimquestions.演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。2．看到并列连词when，要想到与was/weredoing,was/wereabouttodo等连用；Oneday,Iwasabouttodosomeshoppingwhenhetelephonedme.一天，我正要去购物这时他给我打电话了。3．看到It/This/Thatis＋序数词＋time＋that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时；Thisisthethirdtimethatyouhavebeenlatethismonth.这是本月你第三次迟到。4．看到It/This/Thatwas＋序数词＋time＋that从句，要想到从句用过去完成时；ThatwasthefirsttimethatIhadcomefacetofacewiththepresident.那是我第一次过来和校长面对面。5．看到It/Thisis＋最高级＋名词＋that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时；ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatIhaveattendedsinceIcametothisschool.这是我到这个学校以来听过的最有教育意义的演讲。6．看到“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，要想到陈述句用一般将来时。BringyourfamilyandfriendsalongtotheFriendshipHotelthisspringandyouwillenjoythetraditionaltreatsoftheseason.今年春天带着你的家人和朋友一起到友谊宾馆来吧，你会享受到这个季节的传统美食。语境理解少不了一、示之以范——原则这样运用1．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)In1969，thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland，Ohio.It________(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.was2．(2016·陕西质检)Whenfacingtheeither­orsituation,Ismiledand____________(decide)totrustmyheart.decided2．(2016·山东邹城一中月考)ThatwasthefirsttimeI_________(be)toHongKongsoIhadgreatdifficultyfindingthehotel.hadbeen3．HardlyhadIgothomewhentherain____________(pour)down.poured4．(2016·梧州一模)Isaytohimwithacheerfulsmile,“Gotoexerciseandyou____________(feel)better.”willfeel二、通关点击——原则这样解读1．被动语态在各种时态中的运用时态被动语态的构成一般现在时am/is/aredone一般过去时was/weredone一般将来时shall/willbedone现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone时态被动语态的构成过去进行时was/werebeingdone现在完成时have/hasbeendone过去完成时hadbeendone将来完成时shall/willhavebeendone2.不能用被动语态的特殊动词(1)系动词类，如look，seem，feel，taste，sound，smell，prove，appear等；Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。(2)表示主语特征的词，如read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock，break，catch，cut，drive，open，wash等，常与not，hardly，well,easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。Thisbrandofknifeisquitepopularwithcustomers,foritcutswell.这种牌子的刀子很受顾客欢迎，因为它很锋利。逻辑关系需知晓考查动词的语态一、示之以范——原则这样运用1．(2016·全国卷丙语法填空)Trulyelegantchopsticksmight____________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.bemade2．(2015·天津高考单项填空，9)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement__________________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.hasbeenreached3．(2015·安徽高考单项填空，29)Itisreportedthataspacestation____________(build)onthemooninyearstocome.willbebuilt4．(2015·福建高考单项填空，26)Tomydelight，I____________(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.waschosen5．(2015·湖北高考完成句子)Theprofessorwasdelightedtofindthattwothirdsoftheproject__________________(finish)bythestudentsindependently.hadbeenfinished误区纠偏——名师帮你分析纠错，让你备考有方向易错点1相近时态混用①—Tom，what’swrongwithyou?You____________(ask)sixtimesabouttheproblemtoday.—Oh,Ifeelpuzzledaboutit.②(变式)—Tom,what’swrongwithyou?You__________(ask)onceagainabouttheproblemjustnow.—Oh,Ifeltpuzzledaboutit.haveaskedasked易错点2语境关系把握不准①Bythetimethetrafficclears,we____________(run)outofgas.②(变式)Bythetimethetrafficcleared,we____________(run)outofgas.[点拨](1)bythetime引导的时间状语从句