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*,,201203*(30730108)(07XD14036),,1,,,80%,,()20,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,2,,2060,,,40,,,:,2.1,1981Nakan2ishiGymnodiniumbreveBrevetoxinB[1],X2,Brevetox2inB/0628#27#311,Ciguatoxin[2]Maitotoxin[3,4]BrevetoxinB,PalythoatoxicusPolytoxin,[527],,,,,,2.2,,,Bryostatin1Bryostatin12070Bugulaneritina,1982X2[8]IIBryostatin1(P388IC500.89g/ml),,B.neritina,Bryosta2tin1[9],Bryostatin1,[10]Bryostatins,[11]DehydrodidemninB[12],Dolastatin10[13],Ecteinaci2din743[14,15],HalichondrinB[16],IsohomohalichondrinB[17],CuracinA[18],Discodermolide[19],EleutherobinB[20]SarcodictyinA[21],,PseudopterosinsA[22],E[23],Topsentin[24],Debromohemenialdisine[25]Scytone2min[26],ManoalideLuffariellavariabilisA2[27,28]Pseudopterogorgiaelisabethae(Pseudopterosins),,,,,SwinholideA[29],Jaspamide[30,31],,2.3,StypopodiumzonaleLatrunculiamagnifica,Stypoldione[32]LaturnculinA[33],/0,[34]()Aplysiacalifor2nica[35],PhyllideavaricosaHymeniacidonsp.[36][37](antifouling)[38]#28#ChineseJournalofNatureVol.31No.1Progress10,,TheonellaswenhoeiSwinholideATheopalauamide[39],Amphis2colopssp.Amphidiniumsp.,AmphidinalideB[40]2.4,,[41],[42,43],ManzamineA,32[44],LissoclinumpatellaUlithiacyclamide[45]TheonellaswinhoeiTheonellamide[46],,330,,,,,,,,,(),,,,20,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,4,(300),(20278)#29#31156,561900,200,,,,,21,2121/,,0,,,,,,(),,J.Nat.Prod.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,21,/,,,,,20NIH,PharmaMarEcteinascidin743()III,,,,,,,,,,,,,WTO,,5216/8630,/0/8630/0,,,,/0,,,,,(200855)[1]LINYY,RISKM,RAYS,etal.Isolationandstructureof#30#ChineseJournalofNatureVol.31No.1ProgressbrevetoxinBfromtheredtidedinonagellateGymnodiniumbreve[J].JAmChemSoc,1981,103:677326775.[2]MURATAM,LEGRANDAM,ISHIBASHIY,etal.Struc2turesofciguatoxinanditscongener[J].JAmChemSoc,1989,111:892928931.[3]MURATAM,NAKOIH,IWASHITAT,etal.Structureofmaitotoxin[J].JAmChemSoc,1993,115:206022062.[4]NONOMURAT,SASAKIM,MATSUMORIN,etal.Thecompletestructureofmaitotoxin,partII:configurationoftheC135C142sidechainandabsoluteconfigurationoftheen2tiremolecule[J].AngewChemIntEdEngl,1996,35:167521678.[5]MOORERE,BERTOLINIG.Structureofpalytoxin[J].JAmChemSoc,1981,103:249122494.[6]UEMURAD,UEDAK,HIRATAY.Thequantitativede2terminationofthecatalyticeffectsofalkaliandalkalineearthcationsintheformationofbenzo2182crown26inmethanolso2lution[J].JAmChemSoc,1981,103:2781.[7]ARMATRONGRW,BEAUJM,CHEONS,etal.Tautom2erismandaromaticityin1,2,32triazoles:thecaseofbenzotri2azole[J].JAmChemSoc,1989,111:7350.[8]PETTITGR,HERALDCL,DOUBEKDL,etal.Isolationandstructureofbryostatin1[J].JAmChemSoc,1982,104:684626848.[9]HAYGOODMG,DAVIDSONSK.Small2subunitrRNAgenesandinsituhybridizationwitholigonucleotidesspecificforthebacterialsymbiontsinthelarvaeofthebryozoanBugu2laneritinaandproposalofCandidatusendobugulasertula[J].ApplEnvMicrobiol,1997,63:461224616.[10]HAYGOODMG.,SCHMIDTEW,DAVIDSONSK,etal.Microbialsymbiontsofmarineinvertebrates:opportunitiesformicrobialbiotechnology[J].JMolMicrobiolBiotechnol,1999,1:33243.[11]WENDERPA,BRABANDERDEJ,HARRANPG,etal.Synthesisofthefirstmembersofanewclassofbiologicallyactivebryostatinanalogues[J].JAmChemSoc,1998,120:453424535.[12]SAKAIR,RINEHARTKL,KISHOREV,etal.Structure2activityrelationshipsofthedidemnins[J].JMedChem,1996,39:281922834.[13]PETTITGR,KAMANOY,HERALDCL,etal.Theisola2tionandstructureofaremarkablemarineanimalantineoplas2ticconstituent:dolastatin10[J].JAmChemSoc,1987,109:688326885.[14]WRIGHTE,FORLEODA,GUNAWARDANAGP,etal.Antitumortetrahydroisoquinolinealkaloidsfromthecolonialascidianecteinasccidiaturbinate[J].JOrgChem,1990,55:450824512.[15]RINEHARTKL,HOLTTG,FREGEAUNL,etal.Ectei2nascidins729,743,745,759A,759Bmand770:potentanti2tumoragentsfromthecaribbeantunicateecteinascidiaturbi2nate[J].JOrgChem,1990,55:451224515.[16]HIRATAY,UEMURAD.Halichondrins2antitumorpoly2ethermacrolidesfromamarinesponge[J].PureApplChem,1986,58:7012710.[17]LITAUDONM,HARTJB,BLUNTJW,etal.Isohomo2halichondrinB,anewantitumourpolyethermacrolidefromtheNewZealanddeep2waterspongeLissodendoryxsp[J].TetrahedronLett,1994,35:943529438.[18]GERWICKWH,PROTEAUPJ,NAGLEDG,etal.Struc2tureofcuracinA,anovelantimitotic,antiproliferative,andbrineshrimptoxicnaturalproductfromthemarinecyanobac2teriumLyngbyamajuscule[J].JOrgChem,1994,59:124321245.[19]GUNASEKERASP,GUNASEKERAM,LONGLEYRE,etal.Discodermolide:anewbioactivepolyhydroxylatedlac2tonefromthemarinespongediscodermiadissolute[J].JOrgChem,1990,55:491224915.[20]LINDELT,JENSENPR,FENICALW,etal.Eleutherob2in,anewcytotoxinthatmimicspaclitaxel(taxol)bystabili2zingmicrotubules[J].JAmChemSoc,1997,119:874428745.[21]D.AMBROSIOM,GUERRIEROA,PIETRAF.Isolationfromthemediterraneanstolonifersarcodictyonroseum[J].HelvChimActa,1987,70:201922027.[22]LOOKSA,FENICALW,MATSUMOTOGK,etal.Thepseudopterosins:anewclassofantiinflammatoryandanalge2sicditerpenepentosidesfromthemarineseawhippseudopter2ogorgiaelisabethae(Octocorallia)[J].JOrgChem,1986,51:514125145.[23]ROUSSISV,WUZ,FENICALW,etal.Newantiinflamma2torypseudopterosinsfromthemarineoctocoralPseudoptero2gorgiaelisabethae[J].JOrgChem,1990,55:4916.[24]BARTIKK,BRAEKMANJC,DALOZED,etal.Topsentins,newtoxicbis2indolealkaloidsfromthemarin