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FirstClass•Semesterteachingplan•Unit1•Unit3•Unit10•Unit12•Unit14•Groupstudy----sharingUnit1IwanderedLonelyasaCloud2012-04-09WilliamWordsworthWordsworth(7April1770–23April1850),borninhisbelovedLakeDistrict,wasthesonofanattorney.HewenttoschoolfirstatPenrithandthenatHawksheadGrammarschoolbeforestudying,from1787,atStJohn'sCollege,Cambridge•WordsworthwasamajorEnglishRomanticpoetLikeotherRomantics,Wordsworth’spersonalityandpoetryweredeeplyinfluencedbyhisloveofnature,especiallybythesightsandscenesoftheLakeCountry,inwhichhespentmostofhismaturelife.•Wordsworth,withSamuelTaylorColeridge,helpedtolaunchtheRomanticAgeinEnglishliteraturewiththe1798jointpublicationLyricalBallads.•WordsworthwasBritain'sPoetLaureatefrom1843untilhisdeathin1850.•Wordsworth,DorothyandColeridgetravelledtoGermanyintheautumnof1798.WhileColeridgewasintellectuallystimulatedbythetrip,itsmaineffectonWordsworthwastoproducehomesickness.Duringtheharshwinterof1798–99,WordsworthlivedwithDorothyinGoslar,and,despiteextremestressandloneliness,•hebeganworkonanautobiographicalpiecelatertitledThePrelude.Hewroteanumberoffamouspoems,includingTheLucypoems.HeandhissistermovedbacktoEngland,nowtoDoveCottageinGrasmereintheLakeDistrict,andthistimewithfellowpoetRobertSoutheynearby.Wordsworth,ColeridgeandSoutheycametobeknownastheLakePoets.Throughthisperiod,manyofhispoemsrevolvearoundthemesofdeath,endurance,separationandgrief.•华兹华斯认为，诗歌是“强烈感情的自然流露”，提出废止古僻生涩的诗歌用语，改用通俗生动的民间歌谣和口语语汇的主张，引起了强烈的反响。•他的著名诗作有《丁登寺杂咏》（LinesComposedaFewMilesAboveTinternAbbey,1798）、《不朽颂》（Ode:IntimationsofImmortality,1807）、《孤独的收割女》（TheSolitaryReaper,1805）、组诗《露茜》（LucyPoems,1799）、自传体长诗《序曲》(ThePrelude,1798-1839)等。•1843年已是古稀之年的华兹华斯被封为“桂冠诗人”。•晚年他一直住在乡村湖区，直到去世。华兹华斯在诗歌创作上摈弃了18世纪诗歌风格上的因袭和滥调，采用民间朴素、生动的语言来直接表达感情。•他特别擅长歌颂优雅恬静的自然景物，喜爱描绘在大自然中活动的普通人形象。他的诗歌格调清新、形象生动、语言质朴，对英国诗坛的变革产生了深远的影响，享有“自然诗人”的美誉。WilliamWordsworth••《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》是华兹华斯抒情诗的代表作之一，写于1804年。据说此诗是根据诗人兄妹俩一起外出游玩时深深地被大自然的妩媚所吸引这一经历写成的，体现了诗人关于诗歌应描写“平静中回忆起来的情感”(emotionrecollectedintranquility)这一诗学主张。全诗可以分成两大部分：写景和抒情。诗的开篇以第一人称叙述，格调显得低沉忧郁。诗人一方面竭力捕捉回忆的渺茫信息，另一方面又觉得独自飘游，可以自由自在地欣赏大自然所赋予的美景。他把自己比作一朵流云，随意飘荡，富有想象的诗句暗示诗人有一种排遣孤独、向往自由的心情。在他的回忆中，水仙花缤纷茂密，如繁星点点在微风中轻盈飘舞。诗中的“舞”意象鲜明，几乎贯穿了整个诗篇：第一节出现了水仙花翩翩起舞的情景；第二节写出了水仙花的繁多；第三节中粼粼波光与水仙齐舞，交相辉映，共同绘制成一幅赏心悦目的情景。诗人力图在一种迷离、恍惚和模糊的瞬间感受中去领悟人生的真谛。记忆中那一望无际的、连绵不断的金黄色水仙花在湖边迎风舞蹈的姿态仿佛有一种精神力量令人振奋，给他孤独的心灵带来了欢乐：“水仙花在我的心灵闪现，使我在幽独中感到欣然”。在诗人的笔下，大自然的美景具有治愈人们心灵创伤的能力。华兹华斯正是凭着这样一种艺术的直觉，将自然美与人类之间的联系揭示得淋漓尽致。Task1—questionsaboutWordsworth1.TheLakePoetsincludethefollowingexcept________.A.RobertSoutheyB.WilliamWordsworthC.SamuelTaylorColeridgeD.WilliamBlake2.WilliamWordsworthisfrequentlyreferredtoas________.A.areligiouspoetB.aworshipperofnatureC.amodernpoetD.aworshipperofbeauty3.Ofthefollowingdefinitionsofpoetry,theonewhichsincorrectlypairedwithitsauthoris________.a.“Poetryisthemostbeautifulandeffectivemodeofsayingthings”—MatthewArnoldb.“Poetry—thebestwordsintheirbestorder”—SamuelTaylorColeridgec.“Therecordofthebestandhappiestmomentofthehappiestandbestminds”—PercyByssheShelleyd.“Thespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings”—RobertBurnsIwanderedLonelyasaCloud•Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthetitle?•DoyouknowsomethingaboutWilliamWordsworth?•Doyouknowwhatthepoemistalkingabout?•《我似流云独自游》是华兹华斯抒情的代表作之一，写于1804年。全诗可以分成两大部分；写景和抒情。诗的开篇以第一人称叙述，格调显得低沉忧郁。诗人一方面竭力捕捉回忆的渺茫信息，另一方面又觉得独自漂游，可以自由自在地欣赏大自然所赋予的美景。他把自己比作一朵流云，随意飘荡，富有想象的诗句暗示诗人有一种排遣孤独、向往自由的心情。在他的回忆中，水仙花缤纷茂密，如繁星点点在微风中轻盈飘舞.。•我孤独地漫游，像一朵云•在山丘和谷地上飘荡，•忽然间我看见一群•金色的水仙花迎春开放，•在树荫下，在湖水边，•迎着微风起舞翩翩。••连绵不绝，如繁星灿烂，•在银河里闪闪发光，•它们沿着湖湾的边缘•延伸成无穷无尽的一行；•我一眼看见了一万朵，•在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。•粼粼波光也在跳着舞，•水仙的欢欣却胜过水波；•与这样快活的伴侣为伍，•诗人怎能不满心欢乐！•我久久凝望，却想象不到•这奇景赋予我多少财宝，——•每当我躺在床上不眠，•或心神空茫，或默默沉思，•它们常在心灵中闪现，•那是孤独之中的福祉；•于是我的心便涨满幸福，•和水仙一同翩翩起舞。Iwanderedlonelyasacloud我似流云天自游•我独游于天际，如一朵流云凌空于谷峰，飘然然悠闲。忽地，我看见了一群，一簇簇金黄色的水仙；看——在树之荫，湖之缘，在微风中，她们舞姿翩翩。•她们似银河星钻，连延不断，碧银银，闪闪发光，沿着湖湾的水缘线，伸向无穷无尽的远方：一瞥去便是一万朵，轻舞中花首频颠簸。•波光里的涟漪也舞弄清影，却怎比得水仙的欢快；伴有这等喜悦，诗人如何不快！我久久凝视但毫无答复，可知这景致给予我多少财富：•每当我久卧不眠，心绪空荡，或忧思难抱，她们便闪现在心田，正如寂寥中的光照；于是我的心儿满溢着欢畅，同这群水仙起舞歌唱！•Thepoemis24lineslong,consistingoffoursix-linestanzas.Eachstanzaisformedbyaquatrain,thenacouplet,toformasestetandaABABCCrhymescheme.•LikemostworksbyWordsworth,itisromanticinnature;thebeautyofnature,andareconciliationofmanwithhisenvironment,aretwoofthefundamentalprinciplesoftheromanticmovementwithinpoetry.••“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”isapoemaboutnature.Withhispureandpoeticlanguage,Wordsworthbringsusintoabeautifulworldwheretherearedaffodils,treesandbreeze.Wefollowthepoetateveryturnofhisfeelings.Wesharehismelancholywhenhe“wanderedlonelyasacloud”andhisdelightthemomenthisheart“withpleasurefills”.Wecometorealizethegreatpowerofnaturethatmayinfluenceourlifedeeplyasrevealedinthepoem.•1.Whatistherelationbetweenthepoetandnatureasdescribedinthepoem?–Thepoemimpliesthattherelationbetweenthepoemandnatureisoneofunityandthattheycanbeone.Thepoemhasbecomenatureitselfinthepoem.•2.Doyouthinknaturecanhavehealingeffectonmind?–Yes,IdobecausemanispartofnatureUnittopic—tourismTask1—t