高中英语笔记必修三、四、五

高中英语笔记必修三、四、五必修三Unit11.starve[v.]①及物动词例：Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.(饿死)Starvefor=besrarvedof=longfor极度渴望例：Thehomelesschildrenwerestarvingfor/werestarvedofaffection.(无家可归的孩子都渴望得到疼爱)②不及物动词例：I’mstarving.(仅用于进行时态)2.dress[v.]穿戴作为及物动词时，不接表示衣服的名词，要接表示人的名词或代词，表示自己穿衣服的时候用反身代词例：Wedressedthechildren.又：Idressedmyself.Bedressedin后接表示颜色或衣服的名词例：Shewasdressedinred.3.award.①[n.]表示奖赏或奖品，常与win/gain/receive搭配②[v.]表示颁发、授予、后接双宾语例：TheschoolawardedMerryaprizeforhergoodwork.4.the+形容词、the+过去分词表示一类人或一类事物，或表示抽象概念做主语时谓语动词用复数；若指抽象概念，做主语时谓语动词用单数例：Nowadays,theyoungarealwaysseekingthebeautiful,whichhasbeengoneforages.(现今很多年轻人【一类人】总是寻找那些已经消失多年的美丽【抽象概念】)5.doharmtosb/sth=dosb/sthharm对...有害dogoodtosb/sth=dosb/sthgood对...有利donoharmtosb/sth对...无害例：Domoreharmthangood弊大于利Domoregoodthanharm利大于弊6.leadsb.todosth引导某人做某事leadsb.in(doing)sth导致某人做某事例：Theguideledusthroughtheforest.又：Theteachersleadusinplantingtrees.7.为某人提供某物的几种表达①offersthtosb=offersbsth②providesthforsb=providesbwithsth③supplysthtosb=supplysb.withsth例：WhenImeetdifficulty,myroommatewilloffermehelp又：Thegovernmentneedtoprovidetheseoldpeoplewithfoodandclothing.又：Electricityshouldbesuppliedenougheverymonth.8.asif/asthough引导表语从句或方式状语从句，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气①表示与事实有可能相反，用虚拟语气。例：Hebehavedasif/thoughnothinghadhappened.(状语)Helooksasif/thoughhewereill.(表语)规则：与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be动词用were）与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成式（如果从句有明显的过去时间，则用一般过去式）与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去将来式（would/might/could+动词原形）②陈述语气表示很有可能的事实例：Itlooksasif/thoughitisgoingtorain.又；Shespoketomeasif/thoughsheknewme.9.inmemoryof=tothememoryof例：Hewrotethepoeminmemoryofhisfriend.拓展：inhonorof对...表示敬意inneed/wantof需要inchargeof掌管inpraiseof称赞Insearchof寻找inhoprof希望inplaceof代替infavorof支持Unit2Healthyeating1.balance[n.]平衡[v.]使...保持平衡keepone’sbalance保持平衡loseone’sbalance失去平衡beoutofbalance失去平衡（介词短语）thebalanceofnature生态平衡2.现在分词作状语表条件、伴随、时间、原因、结果等例：Walkinginthestreet,shemetheroldfriend.(时间)Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidetoeatoutsides.(原因)Thechildfell,strickinghisheadagainsttheground.（结果）3．比较级的否定形式表示最高级例：Nothingcouldbebetter.又：Ihavenerverseenabetterfilm.Nobodylovedmoneybetterthanhedid.4.see/watch/notice/hear/feel+sb+dosth.(全过程)+doingsth.(一个动作)例；Isawhimputeverythinginhisbagandgoout.Isawhimputtingsomethinginhisbag.1.be/gettiredof厌倦betiredout精疲力尽betiredfrom因...而疲倦例：IwastiredoutwhenIreachedthetopofthemoutain.又：Iwastiredfromrunningfast.2.seem的几种句式（意均为“好像”）①seem（tobe）+[n.]②seem(tobe)+adj/P.P③seemtodo(不定式有时需用进行时或完成时)④seem+like+[n.]⑤Itseems/seemed+that从句⑥Thereseemstobe...⑦Itseemsasif/though...例：Marryseems(tobe)aclevergirl.Thechildrenseemstobeeatingsomething.Itseemsthatnobodyknewwhathadhappened.Itseemslikeagoodidea.Itseemsasif/thoughsomebodyiscallingyou.3.比较下列句式⑴havesb.doingsth①容许某人做某事，常用于情态动词的否定动词之后例：Ican’thavethemwastingtheirtimeinthisway.②让某人一直做某事例：Mymotherhavemedoinghouseworkallday.⑵havesb/sthdo让某人/物做...（特指）⑶havesthdone①叫别人做某事（不定指）②使某事完成③遭遇某种不幸⑷havesthtodo有某事要做例：Ihavesomeclothestowash.(自己洗).Ihavesomeclotheswash.(叫别人洗)4.glare,stare,gaze的区别①glare愤怒地看，怒视例；Theystoppedarguing,andglareateachother.②stare盯着、由于惊喜、害怕、生气、或沉思而睁大眼睛全神贯注地看。例：Itoldmysontostopstaringatthatwoman,itwasn’tpolite.③gaze凝视，指短时间的注意例：Shegazedathiminamazement.5.beforelong和longbefore的区别beforelong不久以后，很快：多与将来时或过去时连用例：Beforelonghehadtomoveon.Longbefore很久以前；跟完成时连用例；Hehadtakenadoctor’sdegreelongbefore.Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote1.permit[v.]允许，准许[n.]许可证①permitsbtodosth=permitsbdoingsth=sbbepermittedtodosth.允许某人做某事②使某事有可能例：Ifmyhealthpermits,Iwillgowithyou.2.spot[v.]找出、认出、发现（不用于进行时态）[n.]斑点、污点、红斑；地点例：Shespottedherfriendinthecrowed.又：Thisisanicespotforahouse拓展：onthespot立刻、马上；现场的3．Account[vi.]解释[vt.]认为accountant.会计Onaccountof因为takeintoaccount考虑onnoaccount绝不4．findoneself+介词短语/分词发觉例：Hefoundhimselfwalkinginthedirectionofthepark.1.比较下列表示‘大量’的用法①many/agood(great)many/alargenumberof/largenumbersof/scoresof/dozensof等+复数名词②much/agood(great)dealof/alargeamountof等+不可数名词③amass(masses)of/alargequantityof/largequantitiesof/plentyof/lotsof/alotof/apile/pilesof既可接可数名词，又可接不可数名词2.takechances/achance+onsth/ofdoingsth=take/run+arisk/risks+onsth/ofdoingsth冒险做某事7．短语①belostinsth专注于某事belostinthought想得入神belosttosth不再受某事物影响,将某事置之度外②agreenhand新手givesbahand给某人帮助thewhite/bluecollor白领/蓝领③make/haveabet打赌win/loseabet赢/输掉打赌takeup/acceptabet接受打赌Unit41.remain⑴连系动词仍然是；保持不变①可接名词作表语例：Thelabourshortageremainsaprobleminsociety.②可接形容词作表语例：Threeoutoffourofthemenpresentremainsingle.③接过去分词表被动例：Infact,theworkremainedunfinished.④接现在分词作表语例：Thestudentsremainlisteningtothemusic⑤接介词短语例：PeopleinsomepartsofAfricanremainindeeppoverty.⑵剩余；遗留；继续存在例：Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.⑶与There连用，意思是剩下的，余下的例：Thereremainsonedifficulttaskforustofinish.⑷接被动结构的不定式（tobedone），意为“尚待”例：Itremainstobeseenwhetheryouareright.⑸remaining[adj.]剩下的例：Theremainingtenbooksbelongtome.⑹remains[n.]剩余物例：Lindadranktheremainsofhercoffee.2.dependon的用法①dependon/upon+[n.]/whether+从句取决于例：Whetherwe’llgohometomorrowornotdependonwhetheritwillrainornot.②dependon/uponsb.todosth.指望某人做某事例：Youcan’tdependonhimtocomeontime.(=hiscomingontime)③dependonitthat...指望例：Youmaydependonitthathewilljoinourclub.④It/That(all)depend