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Unit2Workingtheland单词讲解●重点单词1．strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力2．outputn．产量；输出3．hungern．饥饿；欲望→hungryadj.饥饿的；有欲望的4．expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述→expansionn．扩大；增加5．circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传→circulationn．循环流通6．battlen．战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗7．thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而8．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备→equipmentn．设备(不可数)9．exportvt.&vi.输出；出口→importvt.&vi.输入；入口；进口10．nationalityn．国籍→nationn．国家；民族→nationaladj.国家的；国有的11．occupationn．工作；职业；占领→occupyvt.占领12．confusevt.使迷惑；使为难→confusingadj.令人迷惑的→confusedadj.感到迷惑的→confusionn．迷惑13．regretvt.遗憾；惋惜n．遗憾；懊悔→regretfuladj.后悔的14．chemicaladj.化学的；关于化学的→chemistryn．化学→chemistn．化学家；药剂师15．bacterian．(bacterium的复数形式)细菌16．reducevt.减少；缩减；简化→reductionn．缩小；减少17．summaryn．总结；摘要；概要→summarizevt.总结18．commentn．评论；议论vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论●重点短语1．thanksto幸亏；由于2．rid...of摆脱；除去3．besatisfiedwith对……感到满意4．wouldrather宁愿；宁可5．buildup逐渐增强；建立；开发6．leadto导致；造成7．focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于8．keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)9．makeadifference造成差异，很重要10．keepinmind牢记在心11．causedamageto对……造成危害12．inaddition再者，还有13．turnto转向语境助记——词不离句，句不离段Peoplestruggledagainsthungerforseveraldecades，buttotheirregret，theystillcouldn’tincreasetheoutputofgrainproduction.Thereforehungerwasadisturbingproblemthen.strugglevt.搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n．斗争；挣扎strugglewith与……斗争strugglefor为争取……而斗争struggleagainst与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggletodosth.努力/争取……=makegreateffortstodosth.strugglethrough奋力通过struggletoone‘sfeet挣扎着站起来struggleon/along(虽艰难仍)继续做某事语境活用1.Unluckily，thefarmershavesufferedaheavydroughtthisyear.Theyhaveto(为……而努力)aliving.Theyare(与……抗争)thebadweatherforabetterharvest.Anyway，theyare(努力)increasetheirincome.However，thefinancialcrisisaddstotheirdifficulties.Asaresult，theyhavetoface(为……而抗争)existence.2Sheandcontinuedwalking.她挣扎着站起来，继续走。struggleforstrugglingwithstrugglingtothestruggleforstruggledtoherfeetDina，________formonthstofindajobasawaitress，finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB．struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle解析：句意为：几个月以来，Dina一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项；C项相当于：Dinahadstruggledformonthstofindajobasawaitress.而A项相当于：Dinawasstrugglingformonthstofindajobasawaitress.根据句意可知，C项更符合要求，故为答案。答案：Cexpandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansionn.扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansiveadj.扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的expandinto/to使扩大，变大expandon/upon阐述，详谈Weshouldconstantlybroadenourviewsandexpandourknowledge.我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。[即学即练2](1)Metals________whentheyareheated.金属受热会膨胀。(2)We've__________________________byopeningtwomorestores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。(3)Irepeatedthequestionandwaitedforherto_________.我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。expandexpandedthebusinessexpandthereforeadv.(＝asaresultofthat)因此；所以[即学即练3]Hewasverytiredand__________hefellsoundasleep.＝Hewasverytired.__________hefellsoundasleep.＝Hewasverytired,______hefellsoundasleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。thereforeThereforeso提示：therefore是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而so是连词，可接从句。4．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.[U]装备；设备equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/物beequippedwithsth.装备有某物equipsb./sth.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事而准备beequipedfor(doing)sthequipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事sb.beequippedtodosth.某人有准备做某事apieceofequipment一件设备[即学即练4](1)Ourclassroom____________________aTVsetandataperecorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)Agoodeducationshould________________________.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Ourschoolhasbeengiven______________________.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。isequippedwithequipyouforlifesomenewequipmentconfusevt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆(1)confuse...and/with...把……和……混淆(2)confusionn．混乱；迷惑(3)confusedadj.困惑的，烦恼的(以人作主语)(4)confusingadj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(以物作主语)Judgingfromhis________expression，hedidn’tunderstandthe________problemreferringtoteenagers’mentalhealth.答案：confused；confusingregretv．可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉(1)regrethavingdonedoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettosay/tell/inform...that遗憾地说告知……regretthat从句遗憾……Itistoberegrettedthat...可惜的是……，令人遗憾的是……(2)withgreat/deepregret很遗憾toone’sregret让某人感到遗憾的是共96页21regretv．&n.遗憾；后悔；惋惜refusewithmuchregret(manyregrets)婉言拒绝toone'sregret令人遗憾的是feelregretfulfor....对……感到后悔expressregretfor/at/oversth...对……表示遗憾regret＋n./pron./doing/havingdone后悔做某事regret＋that－clause后悔，遗憾……regrettosay/tell/inform...很抱歉地说/告诉/通知……It'smuchtoberegrettedthat...令人遗憾的是……①It’snouseregrettingwhatyouhavedone.后悔你做过的事情没有用。②IregretthatIamunabletoacceptyourkindinvitation.很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。③Ihavealwaysregrettednothavingstudiedharderatschool.我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。④Wethink，muchtoourregret，thatwewillnotbeabletovisityounextyear.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们认为明年不能去拜访你了。⑤Weregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.我们很遗憾的通知您，您的申请未通过。[即学即练5](1)Heregretted_______________careless.＝Heregretted________________________careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)Iregret____________youthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment.我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)________________________，Imustleavenow.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)Weheard____________thatyouwerenotsuccessfulinyourplan.听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。havingbeenthathehadbeentoinformMuchtomyregretwithregret—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted________hisadvice!A．totakeB．takingC．nottotakeD．nottaking解析：regret(not)doing/havingdonesth.表示“后悔(没)做(了)某事”。答案：D—MrBlack，whataboutmyapplication?—Oh，Iregret________youthatithasn’tbeensuccessful.A．telling