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两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平=16-73675-0美联英语提供：肯尼迪在美国大学毕业典礼上的演说AmericanJohnF.KennedyAmericanUniversityCommencementAddressdelivered10June1963约翰·F·肯尼迪总统华盛顿特区1963年6月10日演讲者简介：约翰·菲茨杰拉德·肯尼迪(JohnFitzgeraldKennedy，1917年5月29日-1963年11月22日)，通常被称作约翰·F·肯尼迪(JohnF.Kennedy)、JFK或杰克·肯尼迪(JackKennedy)，美国第35任总统，他的任期从1961年1月20日开始到1963年11月22日在得克萨斯州达拉斯市遇刺身亡为止。他是在美国颇具影响力的肯尼迪政治家族的一员，被视为美国自由主义的代表。在第二次世界大战期间，他曾在南太平洋英勇救助了落水海军船员，因而获颁紫心勋章。肯尼迪在1946年-1960年期间曾先后任众议员和参议员，并于1960年当选为美国总统，成为美国历史上唯一信奉罗马天主教的总统。在他总统任期内的主要事件包括：试图废除联邦储备委员会、猪湾入侵、古巴导弹危机、柏林墙的建立、太空竞赛、越南战争的早期活动以及美国民权运动。在针对总统功绩的排名中，肯尼迪通常被历史学家列在排名中上的位置，但他却一直被大多数美国人视为历史上最伟大的总统之一。肯尼迪于1963年11月22日在得克萨斯州达拉斯市遇刺身亡，官方在随后的调查报告中公布的结果表明，李·哈维·奥斯瓦尔德是刺杀总统的凶手。他的遇刺被视为对美国历史的发展产生重大决定性影响的事件之一，因为这一事件在其后数十年中一直影响了美国政治的发展方向。jfkamericanuniversity.jpgPresidentAnderson,membersofthefaculty,boardoftrustees,distinguishedguests,myoldcolleague,SenatorBobByrd,whohasearnedhisdegreethroughmanyyearsofattendingnightlawschool,whileIamearningmineinthenext30minutes,distinguishedguests,ladiesandgentlemen:ItiswithgreatpridethatIparticipateinthisceremonyoftheAmericanUniversity,sponsoredbytheMethodistChurch,foundedbyBishopJohnFletcherHurst,andfirstopenedbyPresidentWoodrowWilsonin1914.Thisisayoungandgrowinguniversity,butithasalreadyfulfilledBishopHurst'senlightenedhopeforthestudyofhistoryandpublicaffairsinacitydevotedtothemakingofhistoryandtotheconductofthepublic'sbusiness.Bysponsoringthisinstitutionofhigherlearningforallwhowishtolearn,whatevertheircolorortheircreed,theMethodistsofthisareaandtheNationdeservetheNation'sthanks,andIcommendallthosewhoaretodaygraduating.ProfessorWoodrowWilsononcesaidthateverymansentoutfromauniversityshouldbeamanofhisnationaswellasamanofhistime,andIamconfidentthatthemenandwomenwhocarrythehonorofgraduatingfromthisinstitutionwillcontinuetogivefromtheirlives,fromtheirtalents,ahighmeasureofpublicserviceandpublicsupport.Therearefewearthlythingsmorebeautifulthanauniversity,wroteJohnMasefieldinhistributetoEnglishuniversities--andhiswordsareequallytruetoday.Hedidnotrefertotowersortocampuses.Headmiredthesplendidbeautyofauniversity,becauseitwas,hesaid,aplacewherethosewhohateignorancemaystrivetoknow,wherethosewhoperceivetruthmaystrivetomakeotherssee.Ihave,therefore,chosenthistimeandplacetodiscussatopiconwhichignorancetoooftenaboundsandthetruthtoorarelyperceived.Andthatisthemostimportanttopiconearth:peace.WhatkindofpeacedoImeanandwhatkindofapeacedoweseek?NotaPaxAmericanaenforcedontheworldbyAmericanweaponsofwar.Notthepeaceofthegraveorthesecurityoftheslave.Iamtalkingaboutgenuinepeace,thekindofpeacethatmakeslifeonearthworthliving,andthekindthatenablesmenandnationstogrow,andtohope,andbuildabetterlifefortheirchildren--notmerelypeaceforAmericansbutpeaceforallmenandwomen,notmerelypeaceinourtimebutpeaceinalltime.Ispeakofpeacebecauseofthenewfaceofwar.Totalwarmakesnosenseinanagewheregreatpowerscanmaintainlargeandrelativelyinvulnerablenuclearforcesandrefusetosurrenderwithoutresorttothoseforces.ItmakesnosenseinanagewhereasinglenuclearweaponcontainsalmosttentimestheexplosiveforcedeliveredbyallthealliedairforcesintheSecondWorldWar.Itmakesnosenseinanagewhenthedeadlypoisonsproducedbyanuclearexchangewouldbecarriedbywindandwaterandsoilandseedtothefarcornersoftheglobeandtogenerationsyetunborn.Todaytheexpenditureofbillionsofdollarseveryyearonweaponsacquiredforthepurposeofmakingsureweneverneedthemisessentialtothekeepingofpeace.Butsurelytheacquisitionofsuchidlestockpiles--whichcanonlydestroyandnevercreate--isnottheonly,muchlessthemostefficient,meansofassuringpeace.Ispeakofpeace,therefore,asthenecessary,rationalendofrationalmen.Irealizethepursuitofpeaceisnotasdramaticasthepursuitofwar,andfrequentlythewordsofthepursuersfallondeafears.Butwehavenomoreurgenttask.Somesaythatitisuselesstospeakofpeaceorworldlaworworlddisarmament,andthatitwillbeuselessuntiltheleadersoftheSovietUnionadoptamoreenlightenedattitude.Ihopetheydo.Ibelievewecanhelpthemdoit.ButIalsobelievethatwemustreexamineourownattitudes,asindividualsandasaNation,forourattitudeisasessentialastheirs.Andeverygraduateofthisschool,everythoughtfulcitizenwhodespairsofwarandwishestobringpeace,shouldbeginbylookinginward,byexamininghisownattitudetowardsthepossibilitiesofpeace,towardstheSovietUnion,towardsthecourseofthecoldwarandtowardsfreedomandpeacehereathome.Firstexamineourattitudetowardspeaceitself.Toomanyofusthinkitisimpossible.Toomanythinkitisunreal.Butthatisadangerous,defeatistbelief.Itleadstotheconclusionthatwarisinevitable,thatmankindisdoomed,thatwearegrippedbyforceswecannotcontrol.Weneednotacceptthatview.Ourproblemsaremanmade;therefore,theycanbesolvedbyman.Andmancanbeasbigashewants.Noproblemofhumandestinyisbeyondhumanbeings.Man'sreasonandspirithaveoftensolvedtheseeminglyunsolvable,andwebelievetheycandoitagain.Iamnotreferringtotheabsolute,infiniteconceptofuniversalpeaceandgoodwillofwhichsomefantasiesandfanaticsdream.Idonotdenythevalueofhopesanddreamsbutwemerelyinvitediscouragementandincredulitybymakingthatouronlyandimmediategoal.Letusfocusinsteadonamorepractical,