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NounClause---AppositiveClause名词性从句之同位语从句Melody主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句名词名词性从句主语表语宾语同位语1.名词作同位语MrWang,mychild’steacher,willbevisitingusonTuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。2.短语作同位语I,theoldestgirlinthefamily,alwayshadtocarefortheotherchildren.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。同位语：与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。3.直接引语作同位语Butnowthequestioncomestotheirminds,“Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？”4.句子作同位语ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatlakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。1.Ihavenoideawhyyouaresotiredeveryday.2.Thefactthatwedon’tgetenoughsleepisabsolutelytrue.3.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthequestionwhetherweshouldbegivenmorefreetime.4.Weallknowthetruththatnothingismoreimportantthanhealth.ideaThefactthequestionthetruth同位语从句的作用:?进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。Activity1Readandfind同位语从句被修饰的名词通常为______名词,如：______,______,hope,wish,________,order,________,________,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_________,_________,plan,_________…Summary(1):抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblemthoughtsuggestionidea定义:同位语从句一般放在__________的后面，用以_______名词所表示的具体内容。在句中作同位语。某些抽象名词解释或说明结构：名词+引导词+从句同位语从句的引导词•1.从属连词--that,whether•2.连接代词--what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever•3.连接副词--when,where,how,why（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句。）1.从属连词：that,whether(1)连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）如同位语从句意义、结构完整，则用that（即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.(作idea的同位语)Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(作news的同位语)Hepresentedevidencethathisarticlewasbasedonoriginalresearch.(作evidence的同位语)e.g:Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。e.g:Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。(2)连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）如同位语从句意义不完整，结构完整，需增加“是否”的含义，则用whether2.连接代词：what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever引导同位语从句e.g:Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears.(what作定语)e.g:Ihavenoideawhichwineisbest——it’samatterofpersonaltaste.(which作定语)e.g:Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.(who作主语)e.g:ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.3.连接副词：when,where,how,why引导同位语从句e.g:Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.e.g:YouhavenoideahowworriedIwas.e.g:Myoriginalquestion,whyhediditatall,hasnotbeenanswered.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用连接副词when,where,how等词引导同位语从句。Activity2Choosetheproperintroductivewords1.Thequestion________shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.2.Ihavenoidea_____thedrivermadephonecallwhendriving.3.Thefact_____twopupilswerekilledcan’tbeacceptedbytheirparents.4.Ihavesomedoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.5.Theproblem________weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.whowhythatwhetherwhen引导同位语从句的连接词功能例词从属连词只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。that,whether连接代词既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分。who,what，whose,which连接副词既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（状语）。when,where,why,how复合代词&复合副词既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主语、宾语、表语或定语、状语）。whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,wherever,howeverwhetherwhathowhowever一.填入适当的连接词,并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句.1.Thefact____heusedtobeathiefisknowntous.2.Weweresurprisedbythefact________shetoldus.3.Thenextthing____mustbedoneistomakeaplan.4.Wordcame____ourarmyhadwonthebattle.5.Thepresidenthadgivenanorder_____everyoneinthecountryshouldprepareforwar____mightlastforseveralyears.thatthat/whichthatthatthatthat6.We’vejustheardawarningontheradio_______ahurricaneislikelytocome.7.Thereisnodoubt_____hehastoldalie.8.Youhavenoidea______anxiousIwas!9.Thecoatisintheplace_____youleftit.10.Thenacrossthequestionabout_______weweretogetthemachinesneeded.thatthathowwherewhere同位语从句-特殊形式1.间隔同位语从句当主语和位于比较短的时候，同位语从句常被分离。主语(本位语)+谓语+同位语从句AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomethatImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday简析：由于that从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句当由于表达不同意义的需要，同位语从句也会被句子其它成分隔开。一、被状语隔开Wehavenoideaatallthathehasgone.我们一点儿都不知道他已经走了。二、被定语隔开FarfromthetrutharethewordsgivenbytheobserverthatJohnwasnotmurdered.约翰不是被谋杀的,目击者所说的这些话远远不符合事实2.suggestion,request和order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。Shemadearequestthatthedoctor(should)besentforatonce.她请求立即请医生来。简析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名词后接同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。3.短语及固定句式后的同位语从句IwillcomeonconditionthatJohnisinvited.如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就来。简析：短语oncondition,onsupposition,ontheground(s),ontheunderstanding,withtheexception,inspiteofthefact,ontheassumption及句式therebe+nodoubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that从句为同位语从句。1.Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句Activity3判断以下是什么从句同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处（1）同位语从句用来进一步________前面名词的内容;定语从句用来__________前面的名词。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位语从句说明“消息”的内容：______________）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定语从句对“消息”加以限定：是_______________，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）Summary(3):解释说明修饰限定我们队取得了决赛胜利你告诉我的Tip1:抽象名词后面的从句如果是一个完整的句子,则该从句为同位语从句。反之，多为定语从句。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldus