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1.阅读理解中的高频动词depict/describe/portray描述；描绘illustrate/illuminate/explain说明；阐明illustrate举例说明illuminate照亮；说明represent表示；表现；声称[与as连用]；说明；代表present给予；提出；引见[介绍]；出席；呈现estimate/judge/calculate/assess评估disturb/upset扰乱；使不安；惊动interfere/meddle/tamper/hinder干扰；妨碍devastate/ruin/destroy/make/desolate/mangle毁坏；破坏indicate/show/demonstrate/prove表明；显示argue/assert/affirm/advocate/maintain/hold主张；断言；坚持认为outweigh比…更重要或更有价值；在重要性方面超过…outwit在机智方面超过…outfight/outrival胜过；击败outstrip/outmatch超过；比…做得好outnumber在数量上超过outlast/outlive比…耐久；比…活得更长conceive构想出appraise/value评价；评估deny/negate否定；否认improve/better/becomebetter改善；改良maximize使尽量增加；使增至最大限度minimize使尽量减少；减少到最低限度cure/remedy治疗；矫正；纠正perceive/beawareof/realize意识到；认识到preserve保护；保藏；维持identify人出来；识别；支持evolve/develop发展；演变accumulate积累；堆积trigger[off]/cause/arouse/setoff/touchoff引起；引发；是…的直接原因update/modernize使现代化upgrade提高…的等级foster培养；照顾；心怀cover遮盖；保护；包括；报道，采访dissuade/discourage劝阻deteriorate[使]变坏/变质pigeonhole/shelve搁置；对…置之不理；延缓challenge向…挑战；使…提出异议或质问；刺激paralyze/paralyse使麻痹；使瘫痪；使无能为力declare/claim声称moderate节制；减少；起缓和作用exert发挥；运用[力量；影响等]；努力[exertoneselftodosth.尽力做某事]execute执行；实行；实现；表演；处死advocate/support提倡；主张；支持infer/conclude推断；推知imply/suggest按时；含有…的意思merge[使]合并；结合fade[away]逐渐衰弱；渐渐消失exceed大于…；超出…excel/surpass比…优秀/卓越assume以为/假设；承担[=undertake]identify认出；认明；鉴定resemble相似；类似refine改良；使精良；使高雅digitalize使…数字化synchronize使…同化synthesize用合成法制成gender/sex性别formulate明确地表达pioneer开辟；提倡；做…的先锋；发明/创造generate/produce产生；使发生generalize归纳；推广/普及prize/value/treasure重视；珍惜haunt萦绕于…心头；纠缠malfunction/gowrong发生故障incur导致；引起inherit继承inhibit/hinder/restrain阻止；禁止imbed/embed嵌入于；深留于impair/weaken/damage损害impel/drive/urge/force推进；驱使endanger危及；使陷入危险perish/die/passaway消失；死去impoverish使变得穷困devastate/ruin毁坏；破坏mediate居中调停meditate考虑；图谋assimilate吸收；使同化complement补充embody体现；包括formulate规划；规定；系统阐述mimic模仿stall发生故障；停止运转activate激活；加速…的反应inactivate使停止活动fuel火上加油；助长；供以燃料propel推进；推动boost提高；助推boom发出隆隆声；繁荣；名声大噪perceive感觉到/觉察到referto/mention提及；暗示allure/tempt/entice/lure/attract吸引；引诱withdraw收回；撤退articulate清楚地阐明presume认定；假定；敢于；不当地利用[upon]prevail战胜/胜过[over;against]；盛行/流行；劝导[on/upon]compensate补偿/弥补；赔偿validate/invalidate使有效/使无效span跨过；架设threaten威胁；有…的征兆diminish/lessen减少rationalize合理处理或解释approve批准rate评估；定出等级distribute分发destroy/damage破坏deem/believe认为deduce推论出；得到结论delete删除entitle使成为必要；需要jeopardize/endanger使受危险2.高频名词proposition/statement/assertion/idea/view/stand/position主张assemble集合；装配[机器零件等]attribute/property/feature/characteristic/trait特点proposition/poser/ahardnuttocrack难题inferioritycomplex自卑感superioritycomplex优越感spectacle场面；景象；壮观spectacular壮观；奇观；景象hypothesis/assumption假设；假定controversy/argument/dispute/debate争/议论presentation提出；呈现；介绍abuse/misuse滥用emotion情感suggestion/proposal/recommendation/advice建议symptom/sign症状；征候seminar/workshop研讨会forum/tribune论坛absence/lack/shortage/insufficiency/scarcity/want/vacancy/deficiency/deficit缺乏distribution分配；分布；运销distinction区别；荣誉；名声punctuality守时；严格遵守时间personality个性；名人panel嵌板；[飞机/汽车]仪表板；名单；专门小组/专家小组sanitation公共卫生strain/tension紧张状态；过度的负担improvement改善；变好overabundance过剩optimism乐观；有信心pessimism悲观；失去信心heartattack突发心脏病barassociation律师协会chainreaction连锁反应chainsmoker一支接一支地吸烟的人；烟瘾特别大的人dispatch发送；电讯；急速rushhours/peakhoursoftraffic上班高峰时间industry’speakhours工业用电高峰时间misfortune/trouble/affliction/adversity不利；逆境；艰难；祸患danger/risk/hazard危险consequence后果；影响；重要性segregation/separation隔离；分离discrimination歧视prejudice/bias/predisposition偏见；成见malpractice/wrongdoing不法行为；渎职；玩忽职productivity生产力equality/inequality[不]平等；[不]公平adequacy/inadequacy[不]适当；[不]足够vulnerability/invulnerability易受攻击/无懈可击symphony交响乐symptom征候；征兆synchronization同步；同时发生syndrome综合病征；个人经常出现的行动或言论synthesis合成；综合galaxy星群；星系；一群显赫的人domain领域；范围；领土eternity永恒；不朽formula公式；药方generosity慷慨；大度genesis开始；起源theprosandconsof…关于…正反两方面的观点novelty新鲜；奇异；新奇transparency透明；透明度bottleneck瓶颈；阻碍进展的事物[状况]；交通拥堵路段bandwidth宽带；带宽expenditure/expense花费；费用impulse/impulsion刺激；推动力；原动力illusion幻觉；错误的观点或信念incentive动机；刺激；鼓励inclination倾斜；爱好；意向devastation/ruin毁坏homosexual同性恋者mimicry模仿；模拟fertility/birthrate出生率perspective透视法；观点；前景standstill/halt/stop停顿sensibility情感；敏感性take-off腾飞potential/potentiality潜力；可能性perception/awareness认识；了解；领悟力commercials商业广告alcohol酒精；烈酒frustration挫折optimization最优化；优选法evolution发展；发育；进化uncertainty不确定性；拿不准adversary/opponent/rival/enemy对手；竞争对手transmission传达；传播；传递transition转移；转型；过渡transfer迁移/转移；转让；转车；转任landmark路标；里程碑；划时代的大事[发现、变化等]disaster/misfortune/suffering/catastrophe灾难toll-bar/toll-gate/toll-house交通收费站neonsign霓虹灯广告brainpower人才braindrain人才外流upkeep/maintenance维护；保养initiative初步的行动；独创性flexibility灵活性teamwork团队合作；团队精神fallacy/false[mistaken]belief谬论dimension大小[尺寸]；范围；程度security安全；担保品；政权；股票bond债券stock/share股票thehandicapped/thedisabled残疾人commitment承诺；保证；义务offspring/descendant后代preoccupation专注fragility脆弱coverage报道expo[internationalexposition]国际商展；世界博览会orientation定位embodiment体现expedition探险counterpart相对应的人物aspiration渴望；抱负deterioration变坏；变质transaction交易parentage出身differentiation差别immunity[from]免除；免疫proficiency熟练；精通take-it-outtherapy倾诉疗法utility设备；用具identification认出；鉴定findings研究成果soundings测量深度theGardenofEden伊甸园Noah’sArk诺亚方舟TheWoodenHorseofTroy特洛伊木马Catch-22第22