非谓语动词-西安电子科技大学

Sec.1TheinfinitiveAsthesubjectItisnecessary/possible/asimplemattertodosth.Itprovesconvenienttodosth.Ithelps/works/sufficestodosth.Ittakessb.st.todosth./Itdoessb.goodtodosth.It+passivevoice+todosth.Translation我们必须掌握好基尔霍夫定律。科学家不能说出黑洞内发生了什么。证明这个公式成立就留作习题。若想要增加热流，就需要增大hS积。Astheobject这一问题值得研究。这就使得确定目标的方位容易了。我们认为必须确定这个角度。AsthepredicativeWhenthesubjectis“task/duty/purpose/objective/goal”AstheadverbialMainlyexpressingpurpose为此我们做了许多实验来检验这一理论。计算机被用来存储信息。AstheattributeExpressing将，将要R是所要测定的电阻。要执行的程序储存在这一单元中。Whenthenounismodifiedbyanordinalnumber第一个使用这个方法的人Whentherootofthenouniscollocatedwithaninfinitephrase:做某事的能力/决定/计划SpecialcasewhentheinfinitivephaseisusedasanattributeWillyoupleasegivemeapentowritewith?EachmemberhasaswitchwithwhichtoindicateaYesorNovote.Translation这山谷用作为建坝的基础.这实验室中有许多种仪表供学生选用。ThecomplexinfinitiveTrytotranslatethefollowingsentence为了使晶体管（能够）正常工作，必须给其电极加上合适的电压。MoreexamplesForthearithmeticunittobeabletodoitsrequiredtask,itmustbetoldwhattodo.Fortheretobelife,theremustbeairandwater.Translation为使该级数收敛,x必须小于1。为使该电流达到其最大值，…ThereflexiveinfinitiveThisconceptisveryeasy_________(understand).Wefindthistheorydifficult_________(explain).Translation操作系统应该易于设计，实现和维护。分时系统建立起来是很贵的。SomesetphrasesTheability/capacityof…todo…Thetendencyof…todo…Thedesireof…todo…Translation人类要成功地控制自然界的各种力的愿望，一直是整个历史进步的催化剂。有好几个因素影响电容器储存电荷的能力。弹性可以被定义为物体在形变后恢复其原状的趋势。Sec.2TheparticipleAsanmodifierMistakesChinesestudentsoftenmake:所产生的电流:theresultedcurrent所存在的问题:theproblemexisted保留下来的问题theproblemremainedThedifferencesbetweenthepresentparticipleandthepastparticipleasseenfromtheirformsAwritingtechniqueAChineseversionwithaverband“的”can,inmostcases,betranslatedintoaparticipleorparticiplephrase.Translation运动的电子用在这个实验中的方法所施加的电压使用本书的读者ThepositionoftheparticipleasanattributeCommoncasesSingleparticiples:premodifierParticiplephrases:postmodifierSpecialcasesAsingleparticiple,especiallyapastparticiple,maybeusedasapostmodifier.Translation所使用的方法已知的元素所讨论的问题Apastparticiplephasewiththeparticiplemodifiedbyanadverbmaybeusedasapremodifier.Translation众所周知的事实最近发现的现象新建的一个计算中心为了商业用途而制作的影片乘以/除以减去Flexibletranslation:速度的增加，容量的扩大AstheobjectcomplementMistakecorrection:Hiswordsmademebehurt.AstheadverbialMistakecorrection:Finishingthischapter,youwillunderstandthisprinciple.Translation:西安电子科技大学位于西安市南郊，它大大地促进了这一地区的发展。这种仪器通常被称为链式起重机(chainhoist)，它被用在工厂中来提起重物。AwritingtechniqueIftwocoordinatesentenceshavethesamesubject,replaceoneofthemwithaparticiplephraseifpossible.Makeacomparisonofthewritingtechniqueherewiththatmentionedinthe“Adjectives”partandthatinthe“Nouns”part.TheabsoluteparticipleThisdone,thefunctionbecomesmuchsimpler.Thetransistorconsistsofthreeparts,emitter,base,andcollector,thebaseregionbeingverythin.Thewith-construction随着温度的升高(threeversions)让我们以原点为圆心、作一个半径为R的圆。每个行星都以椭圆形的轨道围绕太阳旋转，太阳在该椭圆的一个焦点上。这个力可以被分解为两个分量，其中一个是垂直的，另一个是水平的。AwritingtechniqueIftwocoordinatesentenceshavedifferentsubjects,replaceoneofthemwithanabsolutestructureorwith-structure.Makeacomparisonofthewritingtechniqueherewiththatmentionedinthe“Adjectives”part,the“Nouns”partandthe“particles”part.Without如果没有空气来保存太阳的一些热量的话，地球将冷得无法居住。Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnightwouldbefreezingcold,toocoldforustolive.如果没有绿色植物不断制造氧气和吸收有害气体，人类将无法生存。Withoutthegreenplanttoproduceoxygenconstantlyandabsorbharmfulgases,itwouldbeimpossibleforhumanbeingstoexist.Sec.3ThegerundAgerundownsboththefeaturesofanounandthefeaturesofaverb,whichmeans:itmayactasthesubject,object(includingtheobjectofapreposition)orpredicativeofasentence;ithasitstenses;voicesandsometimeslogicalobject.AsthesubjectItisnousedoingsth.Itisnogooddoingsth.Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.AquestionHowtotranslatesuchsentencesas“干某事是…的”？AstheobjectConsider/avoiddoingsth.By/indoingsth…AquestionHowtotranslatesuchsentencesas“…而没（不）干某事”？Severalsentencepatterns:Thereisnouse[in]doingsth.spendtime(in)doingsth.bebusy(in)doingsth./withsth.havedifficulty(in)doingsth./withsth.Thecomplexgerund你不介意我把门打开吧？TranslationItsformationits,their,…noun’s+gerundnounincommoncaseTranslation他溜了进来，而老师没看到。Chinesestudents’misconception:Anyverbcanbechangedintoanounbyadding“ing”attheendoftheverb.Increasing;developing